Review
Food Science & Technology
Cameron Faustman, Daniel Aaron, Nicole Negowetti, Emily Broad Leib
Summary: The Government Accountability Office (GAO) criticized FDA's oversight of GRAS food ingredients and provided recommendations, but FDA only addressed a few criticisms and some important recommendations remain unaddressed. FDA has chosen to remain uninformed about food substances self-determined as GRAS by manufacturers.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Rayetta G. Henderson, Melissa Vincent, Brianna N. Rivera, Marcel O. Bonn-Miller, Candace Doepker
Summary: The present study develops recommendations for oral upper intake limits of CBD isolate based on published human clinical trials and toxicity studies in animal models. The determined values include an Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) value for the general population and an Upper Intake Limit (UL) value for dietary supplements intended for use by healthy adults.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lei Wang, Rui Cheng, Xiaqing Sun, Yang Zhao, Yunxia Yang, Yan Gao, Zhao Ding, Wenhao Ge, Junhao Liu, Shiming Wang, Jianfa Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the safety of riclinoctaose and found no genotoxic or clastogenic potential in in vitro and in vivo tests. Acute and subchronic toxicity studies showed no adverse effects associated with riclinoctaose. Therefore, riclinoctaose may have the potential to be used as a functional food.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Palma Ann Marone, Jake Olson, Ray Matulka, Mark Bauter, James D. Astwood
Summary: Edible Pongamia Oil (EPO) was evaluated for its safety as a food ingredient through various studies, demonstrating low toxicity and no significant adverse effects in rats, indicating potential value as a food component.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: The assessment on propyl acetate indicates that it is safe for use based on various toxicological and safety evaluations. Data show that propyl acetate has low toxicity and environmental impact at current levels of use.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Takashi Kondo, Ippei Suzuki, Tsuyoshi Chiba, Yuko Tousen
Summary: By conducting cell-based assays on 14 components of herbal supplements, this study found that luteolin may be hepatotoxic and quercetin may interact with herbal supplements by inducing CYP3A4. The methods in this study may be helpful for the safety assessment of herbal supplements.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Julie A. Mennella, Alissa D. Smethers, Michelle T. Delahanty, Virginia A. Stallings, Jillian C. Trabulsi
Summary: This study investigated the intake of glutamic acid from infant formula and other food sources in healthy infants during the first year, and found that it exceeded the recommended daily intake. These findings may have implications for future guidelines and communications with parents, clinical care providers, and policy makers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Thiecla Katiane Osvaldt Rosales, Joao Paulo Fabi
Summary: Anthocyanins, important phenolic compounds responsible for plant pigmentation, have potential health benefits. However, their application in foods is challenging due to molecular instability. Nanoencapsulation of anthocyanins provides a solution to protect them from degradation and enables their industrial application.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Walter Brand, Petra C. E. van Kesteren, Ruud J. B. Peters, Agnes G. Oomen
Summary: Recent studies on the toxicity of synthetic amorphous silica (SAS) show inconsistent results in terms of toxicity and silicon concentrations in tissues. Risk assessment of SAS in food is hindered by these inconsistencies, highlighting the need for further research to address these issues.
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Fernando Rivero-Pino
Summary: This review summarizes the identity and characteristics of Oleocanthal, a natural organic compound found in Olea europaea L. It discusses its sources, uses, bioavailability, safety, and potential health benefits based on in vitro and in vivo studies.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kevin Scaife, Trung D. Vo, Yvonne Dommels, Elisa Leune, Kaj Albermann, Lucie Parenicova
Summary: To address population growth and mitigate environmental impact on food supply, microorganisms are being used to produce sustainable and innovative food ingredients. The fungal biomass obtained from the fermentation of Rhizomucor pusillus strain CBS 143028 is a potential source of alternative food products. Through in silico and in vitro analyses, it has been determined that this strain does not harbor genetic elements encoding protein toxins, virulence factors, or antimicrobial resistance determinants, making it safe for human consumption.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sara Marcal, Manuela Pintado
Summary: Mango peels are a valuable source of fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants, which can be processed into powders for food applications. Future research opportunities include studying the bioactivity of mango peel powders, determining optimal preservation conditions, ensuring food safety, and developing technological strategies for greater incorporation in foods.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ergonomics
Huiying Mao, Xinwei Deng, Honggang Jiang, Liang Shi, Hao Li, Liheng Tuo, Donghai Shi, Feng Guo
Summary: This study evaluated crash risk factors for ride-hailing drivers and found that crash history, the percentage of long-shift bookings, driving distance, operations during peak hours, years of being a ride-hailing driver, and passenger rating were significantly associated with crash risk. The findings provide critical information for the development of safety countermeasures, driver education programs, and safety regulations for the ride-hailing industry.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Jr Jr Burton, M. A. Cancellieri, H. Chon, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: According to this safety assessment, the existing information supports the use of terpinolene in various applications without safety concerns. Studies show that terpinolene is not genotoxic and has a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) > 100 for repeated dose and reproductive toxicity. It is also determined to be non-phototoxic/photoallergenic and does not pose skin sensitization risks under current use levels. In terms of local respiratory toxicity, terpinolene demonstrates a calculated MOE > 100. Furthermore, it is found to be environmentally safe, not meeting the criteria for Persistent, Bioaccumulative, and Toxic (PBT) substances, with risk quotients < 1 based on its current volume of use and similarity to d-limonene.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. M. Api, D. Belsito, D. Botelho, M. Bruze, G. A. Burton, J. Buschmann, M. A. Cancellieri, M. L. Dagli, M. Date, W. Dekant, C. Deodhar, A. D. Fryer, L. Jones, K. Joshi, M. Kumar, A. Lapczynski, M. Lavelle, I Lee, D. C. Liebler, H. Moustakas, M. Na, T. M. Penning, G. Ritacco, J. Romine, N. Sadekar, T. W. Schultz, D. Selechnik, F. Siddiqi, I. G. Sipes, G. Sullivan, Y. Thakkar, Y. Tokura
Summary: Eucalyptol has been assessed for various toxicities including genotoxicity, repeated dose toxicity, and phototoxicity, with results showing it meets safety standards. Environmental assessment also indicates that it does not pose a risk of persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity in the environment.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Fiona Sewell, Ian Ragan, Graham Horgan, David Andrew, Thomas Holmes, Irene Manou, Boris P. Mueller, Tim Rowan, Barbara G. Schmitt, Marco Corvaro
Summary: There are currently three test guidelines for acute oral toxicity studies, but the subjectivity of one guideline may be hindering its wider use. In order to address this, the NC3Rs and EPAA collaborated to analyze historical data and provide recommendations on the recognition of 'evident toxicity'.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Michael DeVito, Bas Bokkers, Majorie B. M. van Duursen, Karin van Ede, Mark Feeley, Elsa Antunes Fernandes Gaspar, Laurie Haws, Sean Kennedy, Richard E. Peterson, Ron Hoogenboom, Keiko Nohara, Kim Petersen, Cynthia Rider, Martin Rose, Stephen Safe, Dieter Schrenk, Matthew W. Wheeler, Daniele S. Wikoff, Bin Zhao, Martin van den Berg
Summary: In October 2022, the World Health Organization reevaluated the toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for chlorinated dioxin-like compounds in a panel convened in Lisbon. This effort utilized an updated database, Bayesian dose response modeling, and meta-analysis to derive Best-Estimate TEFs. Applying these new TEFs may result in lower total toxic equivalents for dioxin-like chemicals.
REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2024)