Review
Oncology
Milad Mirzaei, Pejman Rowshanfarzad, Suki Gill, Martin A. Ebert, Joshua Dass
Summary: Age is a risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and cancer, and as such radiation oncologists frequently see a number of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) receiving proton therapy (PT). CIED malfunctions induced by PT are nonnegligible and can occur in both passive scattering and pencil beam scanning modes. In this review, different modes of PT and their interactions with a variety of CIEDs and pacing leads are discussed, highlighting the importance of proton beam arrangements and the need for recommended dose limits from manufacturers.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Annamaria Bardelcikova, Jindrich Soltys, Jan Mojzis
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are involved in the development of CRC. Chronic OS can lead to biomolecule oxidation or inflammatory signaling activation, resulting in tumor initiation or cancer cell survival. There is also a link between OS and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which is associated with an increased risk of cancer.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Swanand Kulkarni, Dyuti Bhandary, Yogesh Singh, Vikramdeep Monga, Suresh Thareja
Summary: Boron has become a crucial weapon in anticancer research due to its significant intervention in cell proliferation. It has the ability to modulate the anticancer efficacy of various molecules and has shown promising results through interactions with therapeutic targets. Furthermore, it plays an important role in Boron Neutron Capture therapy and bio-nano medicines.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Giuseppina Nicolini, Silvana Balzan, Francesca Forini
Summary: Heart disease and cancer are major causes of illness and death in developed countries. The communication between fibroblasts plays a critical role in the development of these diseases. Understanding the mechanisms behind fibroblast activation may lead to new treatment options for controlling fibrosis and improving patient outcomes in heart disease and cancer.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Zhengxuan Han, You Wang, Lei Han, Chaogang Yang
Summary: Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes play a crucial role in regulating tumor phenotype in human cancers. RPN2, a known oncogene, encodes a protein that is part of an N-oligosaccharyl transferase, and is found to be abnormally expressed in various human malignancies. Accumulating evidence shows that RPN2 contributes to tumorigenicity, metastasis, progression, and drug resistance by affecting N-glycosylation and multiple signaling pathways.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Felix Recillas-Targa
Summary: Cancer is a complex disease caused by genetic and epigenetic alterations in cell division control. Understanding the origin and evolution of tumorigenic processes through cancer genomics and epigenomics has advanced our knowledge of the molecular causes of cancer. The interplay between genetic and epigenetic mutations, as well as their interaction with environmental factors such as the microbiome, influences cellular metabolism and proliferation rates, leading to tumorigenesis. Integrating and improving our understanding of these processes can enhance cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and genetic and epigenetic therapies.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Leili Mohammadi, Kaushik Pal, Muhammad Bilal, Abbas Rahdar, Georgios Fytianos, George Z. Kyzas
Summary: Despite living in an age of modern technology, malaria remains a major global health challenge. Traditional chemotherapy for malaria has limitations, but research in nanotechnology and nanomedicine is developing new biochemicals for more effective treatment.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vikrant Saluja, Yachana Mishra, Vijay Mishra, Namita Giri, Pallavi Nayak
Summary: The use of nanotechnology-derived nanocarriers in cancer diagnosis and treatment, known as nanotheranostic, has the potential to revolutionize oncology. Dendrimers, a class of highly branched nanocarriers, are recognized for their unique properties and exciting features, making them promising platforms for cancer therapy and diagnosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ioannis Rodolakis, Vasilios Pergialiotis, Michalis Liontos, Dimitrios Haidopoulos, Dimitrios Loutradis, Alexandros Rodolakis, Aristotelis Bamias, Nikolaos Thomakos
Summary: The chemotherapy response score is a predictive index for survival outcomes in advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer patients undergoing interval debulking surgery. However, its accuracy in determining patients with a shorter overall survival is still debated and there is a need for standardization of the scoring system. Research should also focus on the predictive value of determining patients with platinum resistance to identify those at risk of recurrence. This review provides a summary of current knowledge and suggests directions for future research.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Iacopo Fabiani, Giorgia Panichella, Alberto Aimo, Chrysanthos Grigoratos, Giuseppe Vergaro, Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Stefano Taddei, Daniela Maria Cardinale, Claudio Passino, Michele Emdin, Alberto Giannoni
Summary: Cancer and heart failure have a bidirectional relationship with shared risk factors. Untreated cancer may adversely affect the heart. Early diagnosis and treatment in cancer patients naive from chemotherapy and radiotherapy can prevent the progression to cardiac dysfunction and clinical heart failure.
HEART FAILURE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Apurva, Real Sumayya Abdul Sattar, Asgar Ali, Nimisha, Abhay Kumar Sharma, Arun Kumar, Seneha Santoshi, Sundeep Singh Saluja
Summary: Molecular alterations in oncogenes and tumor suppressors play a crucial role in personalized therapy for cancer. Periampullary carcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma show distinct molecular evolution and genetic changes.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Martijn Scherrenberg, Judith Janssen, Amelien Lauwers, Ine Schreurs, Merel Swinnen, Paul Dendale
Summary: This study found that participating in more cardiac rehabilitation sessions was associated with a lower risk of MACE over a four-year period. The best outcomes were seen in patients who attended between 24 and 35 cardiac rehabilitation sessions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lucas Zangerolamo, Jean F. Vettorazzi, Lucas R. O. Rosa, Everardo M. Carneiro, Helena C. L. Barbosa
Summary: TUDCA, a bile acid found in bear bile, has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease by inhibiting apoptosis, attenuating oxidative stress, and reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in experimental models. This research expands the understanding of TUDCA's actions in ND and provides novel perspectives and opportunities for the treatment of these diseases.
Review
Oncology
Itaru Hashimoto, Takashi Oshima
Summary: This review highlights the biological and clinical significance of claudin (CLDN) expression in gastric cancer (GC), with a focus on CLDN18.2 and clinical trials centered around it. Abnormal expression of CLDNs, particularly CLDN18, is observed in GC. CLDNs are potential targets for antibody drugs in GC treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Amodio, Martina Caiazza, Emanuele Monda, Marta Rubino, Laura Capodicasa, Flavia Chiosi, Vincenzo Simonelli, Francesca Dongiglio, Fabio Fimiani, Nicola Pepe, Cristina Chimenti, Paolo Calabro, Giuseppe Limongelli
Summary: Fabry disease is a rare genetic lysosomal storage disorder characterized by inappropriate lipid accumulation in lysosomes. It leads to progressive organ failure and premature death. Enzyme replacement therapy has been introduced to slow down or stop the progression of the disease.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cibele Rocha-Resende, Wei Yang, Wenjun Li, Daniel Kreisel, Luigi Adamo, Douglas L. Mann
Correction
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luigi Adamo, Cibele Rocha-Resende, Sumanth D. Prabhu, Douglas L. Mann
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Douglas L. Mann
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Douglas L. Mann, G. Michael Felker
Summary: Despite numerous attempts to develop a unifying hypothesis explaining HFrEF pathophysiology, no single conceptual model has proven to be enduring. This review discusses how recent successful clinical development programs for HFrEF build upon existing conceptual models and identifies areas where further refinement may be needed. Analysis of four new therapeutic drug classes, including ARNIs, SGLT2 inhibitors, soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators, and myosin activators, indicates significant advances based on existing conceptual models, with SGLT2 inhibitors potentially representing a major recent breakthrough in cardiovascular therapeutics.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marc A. Pfeffer, Brian Claggett, Eldrin F. Lewis, Christopher B. Granger, Lars Kober, Aldo P. Maggioni, Douglas L. Mann, John J. V. McMurray, Jean-Lucien Rouleau, Scott D. Solomon, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Otavio Berwanger, Maja Cikes, Carmine G. De Pasquale, Alberto Fernandez, Gerasimos Filippatos, Karola Jering, Ulf Landmesser, Venugopal Menon, Bela Merkely, Mark C. Petrie, Ivo Petrov, Morten Schou, Michele Senni, David Sim, Peter van der Meer, Martin Lefkowitz, Yinong Zhou, Yi Wang, Eugene Braunwald
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Douglas L. Mann
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Roxana Mehran, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Marc A. Pfeffer, Karola Jering, Brian Claggett, Eldrin F. Lewis, Christopher Granger, Lars Kober, Aldo Maggioni, Douglas L. Mann, John J. V. McMurray, Jean-Lucien Rouleau, Scott D. Solomon, Gregory Ducrocq, Otavio Berwanger, Carmine G. De Pasquale, Ulf Landmesser, Mark Petrie, David Sim Kheng Leng, Peter van der Meer, Martin Lefkowitz, Yinong Zhou, Eugene Braunwald
Summary: In patients with AMI, sacubitril/valsartan reduced the risk of major coronary outcomes compared to ACE inhibitors. This study helps provide better guidance for the treatment of patients with AMI.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Thomas M. Cascino, Monica M. Colvin, David E. Lanfear, Blair Richards, Shokoufeh Khalatbari, Douglas L. Mann, Wendy C. Taddei-Peters, Neal Jeffries, Daphne C. Watkins, Garrick C. Stewart, Keith D. Aaronson
Summary: Racial disparities in access to advanced therapies for heart failure patients were examined, and it was found that Black patients had reduced utilization of ventricular assist device (VAD) and transplant, even after considering factors such as HF severity, quality of life, and social determinants of health. The study suggests that structural racism, discrimination, and provider bias may contribute to this inequity.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniela Cihakova, Yang Shi, Bishow Adhikari, W. Patricia Bandettini, Madeleine W. Cunningham, Narasimhan Danthi, Matthias G. Friedrich, Peter Liu, Lisa Schwartz Longacre, Douglas L. Mann, Filip K. Swirski, W. H. Wilson Tang, Guofei Zhou, Leslie T. Cooper
Summary: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) organized a workshop in May 2021 to discuss new research opportunities in the field of myocarditis. International experts reviewed the current scientific knowledge and identified gaps and opportunities in basic research, diagnostics, translational research, and therapeutic approaches for future studies on myocarditis. The workshop focused not only on community-acquired myocarditis but also on emerging causes such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and SARS-CoV-2-related myocardial injuries. The potential use of systems biology and artificial intelligence methods to discover new disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets was also considered. Another important aspect discussed was the investigation of the relationship between social determinants of health (SDoH), including race and economic status, and inflammatory response and outcomes in myocarditis. The result of the workshop was a proposal for the reclassification of myocarditis based on the latest knowledge of immunological pathogenesis to improve prognosis estimation and target-specific treatments.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah Evans, Xiucui Ma, Xiqiang Wang, Yana Chen, Chen Zhao, Carla J. Weinheimer, Attila Kovacs, Brian Finck, Abhinav Diwan, Douglas L. Mann
Summary: The autophagy-lysosome pathway plays a significant role in reverse left ventricle remodeling, but restoration of flux is insufficient to completely restore myocardial proteostasis. Enhancing autophagic flux can promote reverse left ventricle remodeling, but its efficacy depends on the conditions of hemodynamic unloading.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tomohiro Hayashi, Sajal K. Tiwary, Kenji Rowel Q. Lim, Cibele Rocha-Resende, Attila Kovacs, Carla Weinheimer, Douglas L. Mann
Summary: The present study demonstrates the sexually dimorphic differences in the response to isoproterenol-induced tissue injury and emphasizes the importance of animal handling and welfare for reproducible results.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tomohiro Hayashi, Sajal K. Tiwary, Kenji Rowel Q. Lim, Cibele Rocha-Resende, Douglas L. Mann
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Karola S. Jering, Brian L. Claggett, Marc A. Pfeffer, Christopher B. Granger, Lars Kober, Eldrin F. Lewis, Aldo P. Maggioni, Douglas L. Mann, John J. V. McMurray, Margaret F. Prescott, Jean L. Rouleau, Scott D. Solomon, Phillippe Gabriel Steg, Dirk von Lewinski, Eugene Braunwald
Summary: NT-proBNP is an important prognostic factor in patients with acute myocardial infarction and certain risk factors. It is associated with heart failure, death, and atherosclerotic events, and this predictive information is independent of hs-cTnT.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sajal K. Tiwary, Tomohiro Hayashi, Attila Kovacs, Douglas L. Mann
Summary: This study investigates the role of adrenergic-mediated stress in the response of the immune system to recurrent cardiac tissue injury. The findings suggest that isoproterenol-induced tissue injury and inflammation can protect the heart from subsequent exposure to isoproterenol. Additionally, depletion of macrophages partially attenuates the cytoprotective response, indicating that immune-mediated tissue repair mechanisms confer tolerance to subsequent tissue damage.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bin Q. Q. Yang, Arick C. C. Park, Jason Liu, Kathleen Byrnes, Ali Javaheri, Douglas L. L. Mann, Joel D. D. Schilling
Summary: Right heart failure is associated with worse clinical outcomes and involves liver congestion and dysfunction. The circulating inflammatory profile of patients with right heart failure was evaluated, and elevated levels of certain cytokines/chemokines/growth factors were observed. Soluble CD163 and CXCL12 were identified as novel biomarkers that can predict patient outcomes.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2023)
