期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 109, 期 31, 页码 12509-12514出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1207892109
关键词
chromatin remodeling; epigenetics; protein dynamics; computer simulation; pharmacology
资金
- University of Utah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry startup funds
- National Science Foundation Grant [OCI-1053575]
- Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure (OAC)
- Direct For Computer & Info Scie & Enginr [0910735] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The complex of lysine-specific demethylase-1 (LSD1/KDM1A) with its corepressor protein CoREST is an exceptionally relevant target for epigenetic drugs. Here, we provide insight into the local and global changes of LSD1/CoREST conformational dynamics that occur upon H3 binding on the basis of a total cumulative time of one microsecond molecular dynamics simulation. The LSD1/CoREST complex functions as an allosteric nanoscale-binding clamp, which is regulated by substrate binding. In the unbound state, LSD1/CoREST reversibly visits clamp states that are more open or significantly more closed compared with the available X-ray crystal structures. The Lys triad of residues Lys355, Lys357, and Lys359 gates the entrance of the H3 pocket. H3 binding shifts the pocket breathing dynamics toward open, higher-volume states while reducing the overall flexibility of the LSD1/CoREST nanoscale clamp. We show that the H3 pocket is an allosteric site for the regulation of the rotation of the amino oxidase domain with respect to the Tower domain. The allosteric mechanism relies on the specific reduction of nanoscale domain rotation upon local H3-tail binding. Instead, clamp opening/closing motions that do not involve domain rotation only reduce in amplitude yet are dominant in the bound state. Overall, our data suggest that the H3 binding pocket is a central target site to (i) switch off LSD1 amino oxidase activity, thus H3-tail demethylation; (ii) block the competitive binding of transcription factors; and (iii) prevent chromatin anchoring to LSD1/CoREST. This study underscores the importance of receptor flexibility for future epigenetic drug discovery.
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