Article
Immunology
Alexandre Larange, Ikuo Takazawa, Kiyokazu Kakugawa, Nicolas Thiault, Soomun Ngoi, Meagan E. Olive, Hitoshi Iwaya, Laetitia Seguin, Ildefonso Vicente-Suarez, Stephane Becart, Greet Verstichel, Ann Balancio, Amnon Altman, John T. Chang, Ichiro Taniuchi, Bjorn Lillemeier, Mitchell Kronenberg, Samuel A. Myers, Hilde Cheroutre
Summary: This study uncovers the role of retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARa) in T cells. Retinoic acid (RA) promotes immune activation and tolerance through regulation of RARa transcriptional activity, and RARa is also found to function in the cytoplasm. Extranuclear RARa is rapidly phosphorylated and recruited to the TCR signalosome upon TCR stimulation. RA interferes with extranuclear RARa signaling, leading to suboptimal TCR activation and enhanced FOXP3+ regulatory T cell conversion. TCR activation induces the expression of CRABP2, which transports RA to the nucleus. Deletion of CRABP2 increases cytoplasmic RA and disrupts signalosome-associated RARa, resulting in impaired immune response.
Review
Cell Biology
Arianna Mangiavacchi, Gabriele Morelli, Valerio Orlando
Summary: Non-coding DNA makes up about 98.5% of the human genome and has been re-evaluated to reveal its importance in cell regulation through the presence of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). This review focuses on the relationship between chromatin-interacting RNAs, such as long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), enhancer RNA (eRNA), non-coding natural antisense transcript (ncNAT), circular RNA (circRNA), and the epigenome, highlighting their role in regulating gene expression and their impact on human diseases, particularly cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaojun Liu, Chengying Hong, Yichun Jiang, Wei Li, Youlian Chen, Yonghui Ma, Pengfei Zhao, Tiyuan Li, Huaisheng Chen, Xueyan Liu, Lixin Cheng
Summary: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates, but little research has been done on its system biology aspect. This study conducted a comprehensive exploration of genome-wide expression alterations in sepsis and identified consistent modules across datasets, including potential regulators of sepsis. The study reveals the co-expression patterns of mRNAs and lncRNAs in sepsis and provides insight into the sepsis transcriptome, which may aid in the identification of therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michal A. Zmijewski
Summary: Vitamin D exhibits a variety of activities, including both classic pathway- and vitamin D receptor-dependent transcriptional modulation, as well as rapid and nongenomic responses. It has cell-protective effects, triggers calcium influx, modulates intracellular processes, and influences mitochondrial function. The mechanisms of these nongenomic responses are still not fully understood, but their impact on physiology, pathology, and potential clinical applications are discussed in this review.
Article
Biology
Max Karlsson, Evelina Sjostedt, Per Oksvold, Asa Sivertsson, Jinrong Huang, Maria Bueno Alvez, Muhammad Arif, Xiangyu Li, Lin Lin, Jiaying Yu, Tao Ma, Fengping Xu, Peng Han, Hui Jiang, Adil Mardinoglu, Cheng Zhang, Kalle von Feilitzen, Xun Xu, Jian Wang, Huanming Yang, Lars Bolund, Wen Zhong, Linn Fagerberg, Cecilia Lindskog, Fredrik Ponten, Jan Mulder, Yonglun Luo, Mathias Uhlen
Summary: This study introduces a new genome-wide annotation strategy based on dimensionality reduction and density-based clustering, and presents a whole-body map of protein-coding genes in the pig. The study provides insights into the expression patterns of these genes across different tissues and organs.
Article
Pathology
Niloufar Salimian, Maryam Peymani, Kamran Ghaedi, Sepideh Mirzaei, Mehrdad Hashemi
Summary: Recent findings have indicated an increased expression of LINC01929 in various cancer types, accompanied by a higher mortality rate. The gene co-expression network revealed a strong association between LINC01929 and metastatic genes such as COL5A1. RT-qPCR confirmed the elevated expression of LINC01929 in colorectal, gastric, and breast cancer tissues. LINC01929 could serve as a potential candidate for diagnosis and therapy as an oncogene and regulator of metastatic pathways.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Developmental Biology
Laura J. Harrison, Daniel Bose
Summary: Enhancers play a crucial role in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental stimuli. Recent research has shown that enhancer RNAs (eRNAs), which are transcribed from active enhancers, are involved in enhancer activity regulation and transcriptional control mechanisms. The relationship between enhancer sequences and eRNA function, as well as the association of disease variants within enhancers, are important areas of investigation.
Article
Medical Informatics
Kreshnik Hoti, Paola Teresa Chivers, Jeffery David Hughes
Summary: The study evaluated the psychometric properties of PainChek Infant in assessing procedural pain in infants. PainChek Infant showed good correlation with established pain assessment tools, high inter-rater reliability, and strong internal consistency, indicating its potential as a valid and reliable method for assessing and monitoring procedural pain in infants.
LANCET DIGITAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Enrique Ramos, Kishore Das, Alana L. Harrison, Anissa Garcia, Shrikanth S. Gadad, Subramanian Dhandayuthapani
Summary: Mycoplasma genitalium and M. pneumoniae elicit differential gene expression responses in host cells, with the former more related to cellular processes and the latter associated with immune response and inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Rafaela Policarpo, Constantin d'Ydewalle
Summary: With the increasing elderly population, Alzheimer's disease is estimated to be one of the most burdensome diseases in the coming centuries. Both environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in its development, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important players in neurodevelopment, brain homeostasis, aging, and neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.
Review
Plant Sciences
Qingshuai Chen, Kui Liu, Ru Yu, Bailing Zhou, Pingping Huang, Zanxia Cao, Yaoqi Zhou, Jihua Wang
Summary: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in various biological functions in plant growth and development, interacting with other molecules through roles such as sequestering RNA or DNA, recruiting or hijacking transcription factors, and binding with chromatin modification complexes. So far, 73 lncRNA-molecule interaction pairs have been validated in 16 plant species, indicating the commonality of these regulatory roles in the plant kingdom.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Huimin Liu, Dongxu Wang, Shaoning Kan, Ming Hao, Lu Chang, Pengxu Lu, Yangyang Liu, Ye Jin, Weiwei Liu
Summary: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of oral cancer, regulating cell growth and affecting cellular signal pathways. XIST, as the core of X chromosome inactivation, affects the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration, and resistance to chemotherapy of oral cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola De Sanctis, Giuseppe Filardo, Provvidenza Maria Abruzzo, Annalisa Astolfi, Alessandra Bolotta, Valentina Indio, Alessandro Di Martino, Christian Hofer, Helmut Kern, Stefan Loefler, Maurilio Marcacci, Marina Marini, Sandra Zampieri, Cinzia Zucchini
Summary: The study found that exercise training helped skeletal muscle counteract age-related sarcopenia by inducing a wide range of adaptations, sustained by the expression of protein-coding genes. Non-coding RNAs also play a crucial role in orchestrating gene expression during this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Abdullahi Dandare, Ghulam Rabia, Muhammad Jawad Khan
Summary: The study aimed to predict therapeutic targets and construct a biomarker panel for early detection of metabolic syndrome (MS) using non-coding RNAs, including circRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs. Analysis revealed a strong association of multiple miRNAs with the pathogenesis of MS, affecting pathways related to glucose and lipid homeostasis, inflammatory responses, and insulin resistance. Interactions of specific miRNAs with key genes suggest the potential for designing a biomarker panel for early detection and molecular management of MS.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mengyue Yang, Meng Zhang, Zhaoying Li, Jingbao Liu, Yanchao Li, Ziyu Yang, Xuedong Wang, Xingtao Huang, Bo Yu, Jingbo Hou, Qi Liu
Summary: Using high-throughput sequencing, this study identified differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in aging blood vessels, which were found to be associated with purine metabolism and cGMP-PKG signaling pathways. A co-expression network of differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs was also constructed, revealing potential involvement of a specific lncRNA in vascular senescence.