Article
Immunology
Tiantian Wang, Jing Zheng, Huifang Xu, Zhongyi Wang, Peng Sun, Xuchen Hou, Xin Gong, Bin Zhang, Jun Wu, Bo Liu
Summary: Continued mutation of SARS-CoV-2 has led to multiple waves of COVID-19 infections. The emergence of Omicron and its subvariants has substantially increased the infectivity of the virus. Researchers have successfully developed a bivalent vaccine that combines Delta and BA.2 RBD proteins with adjuvants to induce the production of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants and provide broad-spectrum protection.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hao Luo, Zi-Jun Zhao, Rong Huang, Zhao-Bao Wang, Jian-Qun Lin, Lin-Xu Chen
Summary: Efficient biodiesel production from biomass is crucial for the transition to green energy. This study proposes a strategy to solve the temperature incongruity in biodiesel production by developing thermotolerant yeast strains. Through adaptive laboratory evolution and plasma mutagenesis, a thermotolerant strain capable of growing at high temperatures was obtained. Selecting high lipid content cells resulted in increased lipid accumulation capacity. The use of this strain in simultaneous saccharification fermentation of pretreated corn stover at elevated temperatures yielded high lipid generation efficiency. This study provides a new method and strain for high thermotolerance and high biodiesel-production yeasts.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sundeep Kaur, Payal Guleria, Sudesh Kumar Yadav
Summary: Dilute acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass generates inhibitors that affect yeast metabolism and fermentation. This study evaluated the effects of acetic acid, furfural, and hydroxymethylfurfural on yeast growth and fermentation efficiency. Optimization of rice straw pretreatment resulted in the release of 16.07 g/L of xylose in the hydrolysate. Yeast strains adapted to higher inhibitor concentrations showed increased xylose assimilation and xylitol production. Repeated batch fermentation demonstrated efficient xylitol production without significant yield loss.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Mycology
Maria Alejandra Canseco Grellet, Karina Ines Dantur, Maria Francisca Perera, Pablo Miguel Ahmed, Ana Castagnaro, Francisco Noe Arroyo-Lope, Joaquin Bautista Gallego, Bjorn Welin, Roberto Marcelo Ruiz
Summary: In northwestern Argentina, sugarcane-derived industrial fermentation is utilized for bioethanol production. Native strains compete with traditional baker's yeast as starter cultures. A study characterized yeast populations from distilleries in Tucuma?n, Argentina and identified well-adapted autochthonous strains for bioethanol production. The majority of isolates were S. cerevisiae, with a high genetic diversity observed. Several strains exhibited multi-tolerance to ethanol, temperature, and pH stress. Ten autochthonous strains outperformed the baker's yeast as starter cultures, showing optimal technological, physiological, and ecological properties.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Audria Bayu Lenka, Rika Indri Astuti, Sri Listiyowati
Summary: The study found that yeast strains from traditional beverages exhibited tolerance to high glucose stress but sensitivity to high temperature and ethanol stress. One isolate, BT5, showed some tolerance to ethanol stress. However, this ethanol stress tolerance phenotype did not seem to be correlated to its ability to combat other stresses.
MAKARA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Friederike I. L. Hucke, Malena Bestehorn-Willmann, Marcella Bassetto, Andrea Brancale, Paola Zanetta, Joachim J. Bugert
Summary: This study compared a CHIKV patient isolate from Brazil with a high-passage lab strain, and found distinct differences between the two viruses. The patient isolate did not cause cytopathic effects in human hepatocarcinoma and lung epithelial cells, while the lab strain did not cause such effects in lung cells. Additionally, the patient isolate showed better response to antiviral drugs in glioblastoma cells.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Taihiko Yamaguchi, Saki Mikami, Masana Maeda, Taishi Saito, Toshinori Nakajima, Wataru Yachida, Akihito Gotouda
Summary: This article reviews the current state of portable/wearable EMG devices for assessment of bruxism. The results show that ultra-miniaturized wearable EMG devices with performance equivalent to conventional devices have been developed and used during sleep and in the daytime, with a high level of diagnostic accuracy for sleep bruxism. However, a definite cut-off value for awake bruxism has not been established.
CRANIO-THE JOURNAL OF CRANIOMANDIBULAR & SLEEP PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Prisciluis Caheri Salas-Navarrete, Arturo Ivan Montes de Oca Miranda, Alfredo Martinez, Luis Caspeta
Summary: This study used adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) and whole-genome analysis to generate strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae tolerant to high temperatures, acetic acid, and acidic pH. Through a year of evolution, two strains were selected, TAT12 and AT22, which were capable of growing and producing ethanol in conditions previously inhibitory to their ancestors. Whole-genome sequencing and transcriptomic analysis showed mutations in key genes related to stress response and replication, confirming the importance of these mutations in enhancing the tolerance of S. cerevisiae to harsh environments.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Eva Rudjord Therkildsen, Jens Bo Nielsen, Mikkel Malling Beck, Tomofumi Yamaguchi, Jakob Lorentzen
Summary: The study found that tsDCS can increase the excitability of long-latency stretch reflexes, leading to increased excitability of corticospinal neurons. Cathodal tsDCS over lumbar segments may facilitate proprioceptive transcortical reflexes in the TA muscle, potentially through ascending fibers in the dorsal columns.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olena P. Ishchuka, Ivan Domenzain, Benjamin J. Sanchez, Facundo Muniz-Paredes, Jose L. Martinez, Jens Nielsen, Dina Petranovic
Summary: Heme synthesis can be increased by modifying certain genes, leading to higher production of heme proteins. This study identified 84 gene targets through computational simulations, of which 40 were confirmed to enhance heme production in experiments. Not only genes directly involved in heme biosynthesis, but also genes related to glycolysis, glycine, and succinyl-coenzyme A metabolism were found to affect heme production.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Feiran Li, Yu Chen, Mihail Anton, Jens Nielsen
Summary: Enzyme parameters are crucial for understanding, modeling, and engineering cells. Experimental measurements only cover a small portion of enzyme-compound pairs, and even less in non-model organisms. Artificial intelligence techniques have accelerated the exploration of enzyme properties by predicting them in a high-throughput manner. GotEnzymes is a comprehensive database that provides predicted enzyme parameters using AI approaches, allowing for interactive web exploration and programmatic access.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gang Li, Filip Buric, Jan Zrimec, Sandra Viknander, Jens Nielsen, Aleksej Zelezniak, Martin K. M. Engqvist
Summary: Temperature is a crucial factor in shaping the evolution of organisms, and understanding the thermal determinants of protein sequences is significant for various biological applications. Through a deep neural network model called DeepET, we learned temperature-related protein representations that capture the structural properties affecting thermal stability. Our DeepET model outperforms classical regression models when predicting enzyme optimal catalytic temperatures and protein melting temperatures using a transfer learning approach.
Editorial Material
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gen Zou, Jens B. Nielsen, Yongjun Wei
Summary: Recent advances in synthetic biology have revolutionized mushroom farming by shifting the focus from traditional cultivation to comprehensive applications using cutting-edge biotechnologies. Promising applications in this field include precision breeding, exploration of biosynthetic gene clusters, development of mushroom chassis cells, and construction of cell factories for high-value products.
TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Johan Gustafsson, Mihail Anton, Fariba Roshanzamir, Rebecka Jornsten, Eduard J. Kerkhoven, Jonathan L. Robinson, Jens Nielsen
Summary: Single-cell RNA sequencing combined with genome-scale metabolic models has the potential to unravel metabolism differences across cell types and cell states. This study develops a method for generating cell-type-specific models and evaluates the impact of RNA-Seq normalization methods on model topology. The approach successfully detects unique metabolic profiles and cancer-associated differences.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Prisciluis Caheri Salas-Navarrete, Paul Rosas-Santiago, Ramon Suarez-Rodriguez, Alfredo Martinez, Luis Caspeta
Summary: This study investigated the molecular responses of yeast to thermoacidic conditions, which is essential for improving strain tolerance through genetic manipulation. The results showed that tolerant strains exhibit increased adaptation to thermoacidic conditions and that the regulation of glucose signaling pathways, transcriptional regulation, and protein synthesis play important roles in this process. Additionally, the analysis of mutated transcription factors revealed a significant association with differentially expressed genes in thermoacidic tolerant yeast strains.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Le Yuan, Hongzhong Lu, Feiran Li, Jens Nielsen, Eduard J. Kerkhoven
Summary: In this study, a computational toolbox called HGTphyloDetect was developed, which combines high-throughput analysis with phylogenetic inference to accurately identify horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events and illustrate the transmission pathway among evolutionarily distant or closely related species. The HGTphyloDetect toolbox is user-friendly, capable of detecting HGT events with high efficiency and low false discovery rate.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Min Chen, Tingting Xie, Huan Li, Yingping Zhuang, Jianye Xia, Jens Nielsen
Summary: Supply and regulation of Gibbs free energy and precursors in cellular metabolism are essential for cellular function. In this study, we used multi-omics data under different conditions to investigate the regulation of central carbon metabolism (CCM) in yeast. We identified a metabolism-specific CCM flux regulation mechanism, which is affected by posttranslational modification and allosteric regulation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ivana Bardino Novosel, Anina Ritterband-Rosenbaum, Georgios Zampoukis, Jens Bo Nielsen, Jakob Lorentzen
Summary: This study developed and trained an image-based Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to recognize specific movement classifiers relevant to individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Monitoring and quantifying movement behavior in CP patients using multiple wearable sensors and CNN is of great value for improving their health outcomes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Morteza Aghaee, Arun Akkala, Zulfi Alam, Rizwan Ali, Alejandro Alcaraz Ramirez, Mariusz Andrzejczuk, Andrey E. Antipov, Pavel Aseev, Mikhail Astafev, Bela Bauer, Jonathan Becker, Srini Boddapati, Frenk Boekhout, Jouri Bommer, Tom Bosma, Leo Bourdet, Samuel Boutin, Philippe Caroff, Lucas Casparis, Maja Cassidy, Sohail Chatoor, Anna Wulf Christensen, Noah Clay, William S. Cole, Fabiano Corsetti, Ajuan Cui, Paschalis Dalampiras, Anand Dokania, Gijs de Lange, Michiel de Moor, Juan Carlos Estrada Saldana, Saeed Fallahi, Zahra Heidarnia Fathabad, John Gamble, Geoff Gardner, Deshan Govender, Flavio Griggio, Ruben Grigoryan, Sergei Gronin, Jan Gukelberger, Esben Bork Hansen, Sebastian Heedt, Jesus Herranz Zamorano, Samantha Ho, Ulrik Laurens Holgaard, Henrik Ingerslev, Linda Johansson, Jeffrey Jones, Ray Kallaher, Farhad Karimi, Torsten Karzig, Cameron King, Maren Elisabeth Kloster, Christina Knapp, Dariusz Kocon, Jonne Koski, Pasi Kostamo, Peter Krogstrup, Mahesh Kumar, Tom Laeven, Thorvald Larsen, Kongyi Li, Tyler Lindemann, Julie Love, Roman Lutchyn, Morten Hannibal Madsen, Michael Manfra, Signe Markussen, Esteban Martinez, Robert McNeil, Elvedin Memisevic, Trevor Morgan, Andrew Mullally, Chetan Nayak, Jens Nielsen, William Hvidtfelt Padkaer Nielsen, Bas Nijholt, Anne Nurmohamed, Eoin OFarrell, Keita Otani, Sebastian Pauka, Karl Petersson, Luca Petit, Dmitry I. Pikulin, Frank Preiss, Marina Quintero-Perez, Mohana Rajpalke, Katrine Rasmussen, Davydas Razmadze, Outi Reentila, David Reilly, Richard Rouse, Ivan Sadovskyy, Lauri Sainiemi, Sydney Schreppler, Vadim Sidorkin, Amrita Singh, Shilpi Singh, Sarat Sinha, Patrick Sohr, Tomas Stankevic, Lieuwe Stek, Henri Suominen, Judith Suter, Vicky Svidenko, Sam Teicher, Mine Temuerhan, Nivetha Thiyagarajah, Raj Tholapi, Mason Thomas, Emily Toomey, Shivendra Upadhyay, Ivan Urban, Saulius Vaitiekenas, Kevin Van Hoogdalem, David Van Woerkom, Dmitrii V. Viazmitinov, Dominik Vogel, Steven Waddy, John Watson, Joseph Weston, Georg W. Winkler, Chung Kai Yang, Sean Yau, Daniel Yi, Emrah Yucelen, Alex Webster, Ruichen Zhao
Summary: In this study, measurements and simulations of semiconductor-superconductor heterostructure devices were conducted to observe topological superconductivity and Majorana zero modes. The devices were optimized to ensure robustness against nonuniformity and disorder. Experimental results indicate the presence of a topological superconducting phase, which is a prerequisite for experiments involving Majorana zero modes fusion and braiding.