Article
Immunology
Silvia Fischer, Emil Nasyrov, Monika Brosien, Klaus T. Preissner, Hugo H. Marti, Reiner Kunze
Summary: This study demonstrates that eRNA can sensitize astrocytes to pro-inflammatory activation, deepening our understanding of immune responses in cerebral ischemia. By inhibiting different pathways and signaling mechanisms, eRNA-induced pro-inflammatory activation of astrocytes can be intervened. The findings provide new insights for the treatment of inflammatory brain pathologies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Karsten Grote, Marina Nicolai, Uwe Schubert, Bernhard Schieffer, Christian Troidl, Klaus T. Preissner, Stefan Bauer, Silvia Fischer
Summary: The study demonstrated that self-extracellular RNA can interact with TLR2 ligands and enhance innate immune responses under pathological conditions, suggesting it as a new target for the treatment of bacterial and viral infections.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Quanri Zhang, Weiwei Liu, Han Wang, Hao Zhou, Katarzyna Bulek, Xing Chen, Cun-Jin Zhang, Junjie Zhao, Renliang Zhang, Caini Liu, Zizhen Kang, Robert A. Bermel, George Dubyak, Derek W. Abbott, Tsan Sam Xiao, Laura E. Nagy, Xiaoxia Li
Summary: The C-type lectin receptor Mincle plays a crucial role in promoting central nervous system inflammation by sensing danger signals on TH17 cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pengfei Zhang, Haixiang Sun, Peihao Wen, Yilin Wang, Yuehong Cui, Jing Wu
Summary: Circular RNA circMED27 plays a key role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with its levels correlated to clinical characteristics, prognosis, and resistance to lenvatinib. It acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-655-3p to upregulate the expression of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 28 (USP28).
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yi Wang, Gui-Yan Xie, Qiong Zhang, Xiuqing Zhang, An-Yuan Guo
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in intercellular communication, and small RNA is an important component in EVs. A study using EV small RNA sequencing (smRNA-seq) data portrayed the landscape of exogenous RNA cargoes in human EVs. The results revealed the presence of nonhuman sequence fragments in 1838 EV samples, with an average of 21.82% unmapped to the human genome and 12.33% mapped to exogenous reference sequences. The study provides valuable insights into the diverse sources of RNA in the human body.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaustav Das Gupta, Divya Ramnath, Jessica B. von Pein, James E. B. Curson, Yizhuo Wang, Rishika Abrol, Asha Kakkanat, Shayli Varasteh Moradi, Kimberley S. Gunther, Ambika M. V. Murthy, Claudia J. Stocks, Ronan Kapetanovic, Robert C. Reid, Abishek Iyer, Zoe C. Ilka, William M. Nauseef, Manuel Plan, Lin Luo, Jennifer L. Stow, Kate Schroder, Denuja Karunakaran, Kirill Alexandrov, Melanie R. Shakespear, Mark A. Schembri, David P. Fairlie, Matthew J. Sweet
Summary: The cytoplasmic lysine deacetylase HDAC7 in macrophages acts as a metabolic switch, enabling the immune system to respond differently to various threats. It regulates glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway to trigger distinct immune responses to distal danger signals and proximal bacterial threats.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Masaaki Korai, James Purcell, Yoshinobu Kamio, Kazuha Mitsui, Hajime Furukawa, Kimihiko Yokosuka, Takeshi Miyamoto, Hitomi Sato, Hiroki Sato, Satoru Eguchi, Jinglu Ai, Michael T. Lawton, Tomoki Hashimoto
Summary: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a crucial role in promoting the rupture of intracranial aneurysm. Pharmacological and genetic interventions targeting NETs can effectively reduce the rate of aneurysm rupture. Inhibition of NET formation may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing aneurysmal rupture.
Correction
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
J. Shapiro, H. B. El-Serag, J. Chan
Summary: This article reports the inflammation in mice with steatohepatitis and acknowledges the inclusion of duplicate images in the supplementary figures. The corrected figures have been presented.
Article
Cell Biology
Julien Boucher, Alyssa Rousseau, Catherine Boucher, Caroline Subra, Wilfried W. Bazie, Audrey Hubert, Emma Bourgeault, Abderrahim Benmoussa, Benjamin Goyer, Philippe A. Tessier, Caroline Gilbert
Summary: The dysregulation of immune functions is a key characteristic of HIV-1 infection. Recent studies have found a strong correlation between viral rebound and immune activation in people living with HIV (PLWH), with an increased presence of microRNA-155 enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs). The activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) leads to the production of miR-155-rich EVs, which can exacerbate HIV-1 infection by promoting viral replication. In vitro experiments showed that these miR-155-rich EVs increased viral replication in PBMCs infected with HIV-1. These findings suggest that the production of miR-155-rich EVs in response to HIV-1 infection and inflammation can impact the course of the infection by enhancing viral replication.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kai Yin, Dongxu Wang, Yue Zhang, Hongmin Lu, Lulu Hou, Tiantian Guo, Hongjing Zhao, Mingwei Xing
Summary: Microplastics, a new and increasing environmental pollutant, induce liver inflammation and the formation of macrophage extracellular traps (METs). Macrophages actively phagocytose microplastics, leading to elevated ROS levels, disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis, activation of mitochondrial autophagy and lysosomes, and eventually lysosome rupture and release of calcium ions to induce METs formation.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
J. Cedervall, M. Herre, A. Dragomir, F. Rabelo-Melo, A. Svensson, C. Thalin, A. Rosell, V Hjalmar, H. Wallen, H. Lindman, G. Pejler, E. Hagstrom, M. Hultstrom, A. Larsson, A. K. Olsson
Summary: This study investigates the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in myocardial inflammation and tissue damage in treatment-naive cancer patients. The findings suggest that NETs contribute to inflammation and myocardial stress during malignancy, and removing NETs may prevent cardiac inflammation and dysfunction in cancer patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorena del Pozo-Acebo, Maria-Carmen Lopez de las Hazas, Joao Tome-Carneiro, Andrea del Saz-Lara, Judit Gil-Zamorano, Livia Balaguer, Luis A. Chapado, Rebeca Busto, Francesco Visioli, Alberto Davalos
Summary: The use of broccoli-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) for drug delivery has been investigated. These EVs can be isolated from broccoli and loaded with exogenous miRNAs, leading to therapeutic effects in intestinal cells. The EVs demonstrate stability and resistance against degradation, making them potential candidates for future drug delivery nanovesicles.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Baolin Wang, Bowen Zheng, Yao Lu, Deng Huang, Jialong Liu, Juxian Song, Shuguo Zheng
Summary: The study shows that FNDC4, as an extracellular factor, is involved in the invasion and metastasis of HCC, with high expression of FNDC4 correlated with poor survival in patients and promoting migration and invasion of HCC cells. Mechanistically, FNDC4 is related to PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, with its extracellular domain promoting Akt phosphorylation to enhance invasion and metastasis of HCC.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hui-jian Chen, Xi-yue Yan, Ao Sun, Li Zhang, Jing Zhang, You-E Yan
Summary: This study discovers that high-fat-diet-induced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition promotes adipogenesis by transmitting signals to adipocytes. Glucose and lipid metabolic disorders and upregulation of ECM-related signaling pathways are observed in obese mice and humans. Furthermore, the study finds that these signaling pathways are stronger in subcutaneous adipose tissue than in visceral adipose tissue in mice, but the opposite is observed in humans.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Brittney Williams, Rosemary Kozar, Wei Chao
Summary: In sepsis and trauma, extracellular RNAs (exRNAs), especially exogenous ones, play a crucial role and can lead to multiple organ dysfunction. By studying exRNA profiling in the plasma of mice and humans, we can gain insights into the mechanisms and significance of exRNAs, particularly ex-miRNAs, in host immune response and potential injury during sepsis and trauma.