Review
Pediatrics
Hedi van der Grinten, Chris Verhaak, Thomas Steensma, Tim Middelberg, Joep Roeffen, Daniel Klink
Summary: Gender incongruence (GI) occurs when a person's gender identity does not align with the gender assigned at birth, requiring complex medical and psychological treatment within a multidisciplinary team. Long-term follow-up and additional studies are needed to optimize treatment regimens.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sanjeev Kumar, Anamika Patel, Lilin Lai, Chennareddy Chakravarthy, Rajesh Valanparambil, Elluri Seetharami Reddy, Kamalvishnu Gottimukkala, Meredith E. Davis-Gardner, Venkata Viswanadh Edara, Susanne Linderman, Kaustuv Nayak, Kritika Dixit, Pragati Sharma, Prashant Bajpai, Vanshika Singh, Filipp Frank, Narayanaiah Cheedarla, Hans P. Verkerke, Andrew S. Neish, John D. Roback, Grace Mantus, Pawan Kumar Goel, Manju Rahi, Carl W. Davis, Jens Wrammert, Sucheta Godbole, Amy R. Henry, Daniel C. Douek, Mehul S. Suthar, Rafi Ahmed, Eric Ortlund, Amit Sharma, Kaja Murali-Krishna, Anmol Chandele
Summary: In this study, a monoclonal antibody named 002-S21F2 was discovered, which is characterized by rare gene usage and possesses broad neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the Omicron sublineages.
Article
Immunology
Hanna Kann, Matti Lehtinen, Tiina Eriksson, Helja-Marja Surcel, Joakim Dillner, Helena Faust
Summary: The study demonstrates that cross-reactive antibodies can still be detected 12 years after HPV vaccination. Women with high levels of anti-HPV16 antibodies and recipients of the bivalent vaccine show higher rates of cross-reactive seropositivity.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nairie Michaelian, Anastasiia Sadybekov, Elie Besserer-Offroy, Gye Won Han, Harini Krishnamurthy, Beata A. Zamlynny, Xavier Fradera, Phieng Siliphaivanh, Jeremy Presland, Kerrie B. Spencer, Stephen M. Soisson, Petr Popov, Philippe Sarret, Vsevolod Katritch, Vadim Cherezov
Summary: The leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) plays a role in various human diseases and the crystal structure study reveals molecular determinants of ligand binding and selectivity toward different receptor subtypes, providing insights for future structure-based drug design.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yingzhi Zhou, Zhiwei Chen, Yi He, Xiaorong Peng, Yunan Chang, Aoxue Tan, Hu Li, Dachuan Cai, Peng Hu, Min Chen, Mingli Peng, Hongmei Xu, Hong Ren
Summary: Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination elicits stronger and more durable antibody responses to the wild-type strain in children with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) compared to adults with CHB, but shows inferior responses to Omicron subvariants (especially to the BA.5 strain). New Omicron-related or all-in-one vaccines are needed immediately for CHB children.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Michela Ciocca, Salvatore Zaffina, Ane Fernandez Salinas, Chiara Bocci, Patrizia Palomba, Maria Giulia Conti, Sara Terreri, Giuseppe Frisullo, Ezio Giorda, Marco Scarsella, Rita Brugaletta, Maria Rosaria Vinci, Nicola Magnavita, Rita Carsetti, Eva Piano Mortari
Summary: The decline of the immune system in aging leads to decreased susceptibility to infections and reduced response to vaccination, especially in reacting to new pathogens. Research shows that elderly individuals have a significant reduction in CD27(dull) memory B cells, while having a higher population of specialized antigen-selected CD27(bright) memory B cells. Additionally, B cells from older individuals produce significantly fewer IgM and IgA antibodies compared to younger individuals after in vitro stimulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Monika Siegrist, Melanie Heitkamp, Isabell Braun, Nicolas Vogg, Bernhard Haller, Helmut Langhof, Wolfgang Koenig, Martin Halle
Summary: The study found that short-term lifestyle interventions have significant effects on the body weight, adipokines, and cardiometabolic risk parameters in children with obesity. The improvements in BMI and BMI-SDS persisted over one year of follow-up.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Jinwei Wang, Jicheng Lv, Kevin He, Fang Wang, Bixia Gao, Ming-Hui Zhao, Luxia Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the comparative risk of ESKD, CV events, and death among CKD patients in China, finding that ESKD was more likely to occur. Different risk factors contributed differently to the comparative risk of the outcomes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Precious K. Sejake, Sarah White, Ian Heywood, Kshitij Thorat, Hertzog L. Bester, Sphesihle Makhathini, Bernie Fanaroff
Summary: In this study, we investigated 140 radio sources in the GLEAM 4-Jy Sample using MeerKAT to assess their radio morphology and identify the host galaxy. By visually inspecting the radio data from four surveys, we found host galaxies for 98 sources, while 42 sources remained unidentified.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Precious K. Sejake, Sarah V. White, Ian Heywood, Kshitij Thorat, Hertzog L. Bester, Sphesihle Makhathini, Bernie Fanaroff
Summary: This study presents the results of tracking 140 radio sources in the GLEAM 4-Jy Sample using MeerKAT. The aim was to visually identify the host galaxies of these sources through the inspection of overlays comprising radio data from four surveys. The results show that among the MeerKAT-2019 subset, 14 radio sources have wide-angle tail morphology, 10 are head-tail, and 5 have X-, S-/Z-shaped morphology. Out of the 140 sources, host galaxies were identified for 98 sources, leaving 42 sources with ambiguous identification.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Edouard Berling, Guillaume Fargeot, Karine Aure, Tuan Huy Tran, Nathalie Kubis, Pierre Lozeron, Adrien Zanin
Summary: Recreational nitrous oxide abuse can lead to severe motor neuropathy and ataxia in young patients, with elevated homocysteine levels and normal cobalamin levels. Despite vitamin B12 supplementation, symptoms may only partially resolve, highlighting the need for long-term follow-up to assess the severity of these toxic neuropathies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabine Naessen, Malin Eliasson, Kerstin Berntorp, Margareta Kitlinski, Penelope Trimpou, Emily Amundson, Sofia Thunstrom, Bertil Ekman, Jeanette Wahlberg, Anders Karlsson, Magnus Isaksson, Ingrid Bergstrom, Carina Levelind, Inger Bryman, Kerstin Landin-Wilhelmsen
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of autoimmune diseases in Turner syndrome (TS). The results showed that more than half of TS women developed hypothyroidism, mainly autoimmune, during the follow-up period. It is recommended to raise awareness of vitamin B-12 deficiency and celiac disease in TS women throughout their lives.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Melissa M. Hudson, Smita Bhatia, Jacqueline Casillas, Wendy Landier
Summary: Advancements in cancer therapy have improved survival rates for children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer, but they are still at risk for long-term therapy-related complications. Therefore, ongoing systematic follow-up and health counseling are crucial to early detection and intervention for potential late-onset complications, as well as promoting healthy lifestyles to reduce risks for common adult health problems. Healthcare providers play a key role in the ongoing care of childhood cancer survivors, beyond routine preventive care, health supervision, and guidance.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
H. Meyer-Lueckel, A. Wardius, J. Krois, K. Bitter, C. Moser, S. Paris, R. J. Wierichs
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of proximal caries infiltration and individualized preventive measures in treating dental caries, showing that infiltration treatment is more effective in reducing lesion progression without any adverse events observed.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pengpeng Wang, Yanran Huang, Yingya Zhao, Yuhan Zhou, Hang Wang, Liyi Zhang, Huijing Shi, Kelvin Sze-Yin Leung, Yunhui Zhang
Summary: This study found that childhood exposure to organic UV filters was negatively associated with adiposity measures, especially in peripubertal boys, but not girls. UV filters mixture, with EHMC as the most important contributor, was consistently linked to lower adiposity measurements.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Vilma Kielevainen, Maaret Turtinen, Kristiina Luopajarvi, Taina Harkonen, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip
Summary: A register-based retrospective cohort study of 4993 Finnish children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes revealed that HLA class II genes are associated with disease manifestation. Higher disease susceptibility is linked to younger age at diagnosis and shorter duration of symptoms before diagnosis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Minna Harsunen, Jarno L. T. Kettunen, Taina Harkonen, Om Dwivedi, Mikko Lehtovirta, Paula Vahasalo, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Ilonen, Paivi J. Miettinen, Mikael Knip, Tiinamaija Tuomi
Summary: More than 10% of AAB-negative children with diabetes were found to have monogenic diabetes through genetic testing. Genetic diagnosis can lead to major changes in treatment, therefore, it is recommended to refer all AAB-negative pediatric diabetes patients for genetic testing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Astrid Oras, Henna Kallionpa, Tomi Suomi, Satu Koskinen, Asta Laiho, Laura L. Elo, Mikael Knip, Riitta Lahesmaa, Alar Aints, Raivo Uibo
Summary: A study on the gene expression in B-cells from children developing CoD early in life revealed gene expression changes associated with CoD development, indicating the important role of B-cells in CoD development.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tuuli E. I. Salo, Sari Niinisto, Tuuli E. Korhonen, Helena Pastell, Heli Reinivuo, Hanna-Mari Takkinen, Jorma Ilonen, Jorma Toppari, Mikael Knip, Riitta Veijola, Suvi M. Virtanen
Summary: This study investigated the intake and sources of dietary fibre among Finnish children using new CODEX-compliant values. The intake of fibre was associated with age, sex, and breastfeeding status. Cereal products, fruits, and vegetables were identified as major sources of dietary fibre.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antti-Mathias Taka, Anna But, Johanna Lempainen, Tommi Vatanen, Taina Harkonen, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip
Summary: This study examines the association between HLA genotypes and the incidence rates and risk of type 1 diabetes. The results show that children with high-risk genotype have a 45-fold increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes compared to those with neutral or protective genotypes.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Essi J. Peltonen, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip, Harri Niinikoski, Jorma Toppari, Helena E. Virtanen, Suvi M. Virtanen, Jaakko Peltonen, Jaakko Nevalainen
Summary: In many populations, the peak incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) occurs during puberty, but the direct evidence of the role of puberty in T1D development is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between puberty and the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and subsequent progression to T1D. The results showed that puberty is associated with an increased risk of progression to T1D, but not a risk factor for IA.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Visa Nurmi, Chanice Knight, Lise Estcourt, Jussi Hepojoki, Abigail A. Lamikanra, Hoi P. Tsang, David J. Roberts, Fernando P. Polack, Peter Simmonds, Klaus Hedman, Damian Alvarez-Paggi, Heli Harvala
Summary: Convalescent plasma treatment for COVID-19 has shown significant therapeutic effect when administered early, but has generally been ineffective. Comparing the plasma used in two clinical trials and convalescent vaccinees, it was found that the initial patient serostatus is an important predictor of treatment efficacy. However, convalescent vaccinee plasma showed higher titers and avidity, making it preferable for future treatments.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Amir-Babak Sioofy-Khojine, Jussi P. Lehtonen, Noora Nurminen, Jutta E. Laiho, Jorma Toppari, Riitta Veijola, Johanna Lempainen, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip, Heikki Hyoty
Summary: This study examined the immune response to the poliovirus vaccine in children at risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and whether the presence of islet autoimmunity affects this response. No differences were found in antibody levels between children with and without genetic risk for T1D. Furthermore, there was no difference in antibody levels between children with and without islet autoimmunity, regardless of the timing of autoimmunity onset or the specific autoantigen.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Katariina Koivusaari, Sari Niinisto, Jaakko Nevalainen, Jarno Honkanen, Terhi Ruohtula, Mirva Koreasalo, Suvi Ahonen, Mari Akerlund, Heli Tapanainen, Heli Siljander, Maija E. Miettinen, Tapani Alatossava, Jorma Ilonen, Outi Vaarala, Mikael Knip, Suvi M. Virtanen
Summary: Breast milk intake may contribute to higher calprotectin concentration in infants, while intake of hydrolyzed infant formula, fruits and juices, vegetables and oats may decrease gut permeability and concentrations of calprotectin and HBD-2 in infant gut.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lari Pyoria, Diogo Pratas, Mari Toppinen, Klaus Hedman, Antti Sajantila, Maria F. Perdomo
Summary: This study revealed the genetic composition and unique makeup of known eukaryotic human DNA viruses in different organs, and found unprecedented prevalences of viral DNAs in human organs. The findings provide fundamental knowledge for investigating the correlation between viruses and diseases.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Minna Harsunen, Jani Haukka, Valma Harjutsalo, Nina Mars, Anna Syreeni, Taina Harkonen, Annemari Karajaemaki, Jorma Ilonen, Mikael Knip, Niina Sandholm, Paivi Johanna Miettinen, Per-Henrik Groop, Tiinamaija Tuomi
Summary: Contrary to the presumption that type 1 diabetes leads to an absolute insulin deficiency, this study found that many individuals with type 1 diabetes still have circulating C-peptide years after diagnosis. The study also identified the correlation between age at diagnosis and decline in C-peptide secretion, as well as the association between polygenic risk scores, clinical factors, and random serum C-peptide concentrations.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anna-Mari Schroderus, Josh Poorbaugh, Samantha McElyea, Stephanie Beasley, Lin Zhang, Kirsti Nanto-Salonen, Reeta Rintamaki, Jussi Pihlajamaki, Mikael Knip, Riitta Veijola, Jorma Toppari, Jorma Ilonen, Robert J. Benschop, Tuure Kinnunen
Summary: This study aimed to examine plasma IL-21 levels in individuals at different stages of type 1 diabetes progression. The results showed that adults with established type 1 diabetes had higher plasma IL-21 levels compared to healthy controls, but no significant correlation was found with clinical variables. In children, plasma IL-21 levels were almost ten times higher, but no significant differences were detected between different groups.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Joachim Johansen, Koji Atarashi, Yasumichi Arai, Nobuyoshi Hirose, Soren J. Sorensen, Tommi Vatanen, Mikael Knip, Kenya Honda, Ramnik J. Xavier, Simon Rasmussen, Damian R. Plichta
Summary: Distinct gut virome composition in centenarians, with higher diversity and lytic activity compared to younger and older individuals, suggests a potential role in healthy aging. Furthermore, phage-encoded sulfate metabolism genes in the centenarian gut microbiome may contribute to mucosal integrity and resistance to pathogens.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Meghan A. Berryman, Jorma Ilonen, Eric W. Triplett, Johnny Ludvigsson
Summary: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes are associated with a wide range of diseases, particularly autoimmune disorders. Despite differing causes, many autoimmune diseases share the same HLA genes. Studies have found a connection between gut microbial composition and autoimmune diseases, as autoimmune conditions are often associated with gut dysbiosis. Autoimmune-risk-associated HLA genes are connected to gut dysbiosis long before the onset of autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)