Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Deepak A. Kaji, Angela M. Montero, Roosheel Patel, Alice H. Huang
Summary: This study identifies transcriptional regulators involved in the induction and differentiation of dense connective tissues. By generating tendon and fibrocartilage cells from mouse embryonic stem cells and utilizing scRNA-seq, the authors reveal molecular mechanisms underlying cell fate switch between these lineages. Additionally, the research demonstrates successful generation of 3D engineered tissues using these differentiation protocols for modeling development and disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marina Sanaki-Matsumiya, Mitsuhiro Matsuda, Nicola Gritti, Fumio Nakaki, James Sharpe, Vikas Trivedi, Miki Ebisuya
Summary: This study reports the generation of human somitoids, organoids that periodically form epithelial somite-like structures. Somitoids display oscillations of the segmentation clock and have proper polarity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ying Liu, Leilei Jiang, Wenbo Song, Chenxi Wang, Shiting Yu, Juhui Qiao, Xinran Wang, Chenrong Jin, Daqing Zhao, Xueyuan Bai, Peiguang Zhang, Siming Wang, Meichen Liu
Summary: Recent studies have shown that stem cells have notable abilities of proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal, making them important in regenerative medicine and anti-aging research. Therefore, there is a growing interest in identifying natural medicines that can influence the fate of stem cells. Ginsenosides, the key components of ginseng, have been extensively studied for their effects on stem cell function and aging resistance. This review aims to summarize the latest progress on the impact of ginsenosides on adult stem cell behavior, particularly in terms of proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jiekai Yin, Tianyu F. Qi, Yen-Yu Yang, Madeline Vera-Colon, Nicole I. zur Nieden, Yinsheng Wang
Summary: RNA modifications and their associated proteins play a regulatory role in osteogenesis, and this study provides comprehensive quantitative assessment of these proteins during osteogenic differentiation. The down-regulation of certain RNA modification proteins, mainly involved in methylation and pseudouridylation, was found. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed their significant associations with osteogenesis-related proteins, and gene set enrichment analysis suggested a potential role of METTL1 in osteogenesis through the cytokine network.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Kulbhushan Sharma, Nagham T. Asp, Sean P. Harrison, Richard Siller, Saphira F. Baumgarten, Swapnil Gupta, Maria E. Chollet, Elisabeth Andersen, Gareth J. Sullivan, Anne Simonsen
Summary: This study investigates the role of autophagy in early events of lineage commitment using human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. They found that modulation of autophagy affects SOX2 levels and lineage commitment, with autophagy promoting mesendoderm formation and inhibiting neuroectoderm formation. The results suggest that autophagy-mediated SOX2 turnover is a key factor in determining lineage commitment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masaki Kinoshita, Meng Amy Li, Michael Barber, William Mansfield, Sabine Dietmann, Austin Smith
Summary: Genome remethylation is crucial for mammalian development, with a study showing that deficiencies in Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b lead to ES cells developing into trophoblast cells due to failed suppression of Ascl2. Regulating the expression of Ascl2 can impact the transdifferentiation and contribution of ES cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Anup Kumar Singh, Soumen Khan, Daniel Moore, Simon Andrews, Maria A. Christophorou
Summary: This study demonstrates the important role of PADI4 in maintaining the multi-lineage differentiation potential of mouse embryonic stem cells. PADI4 loss impairs mesoderm diversification and differentiation of cardimyocytes and endothelial cells, and leads to concerted downregulation of genes associated with polarized growth, sterol metabolism, and the extracellular matrix.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiexiang Zhao, Ping Lu, Cong Wan, Yaping Huang, Manman Cui, Xinyan Yang, Yuqiong Hu, Yi Zheng, Ji Dong, Mei Wang, Shu Zhang, Zhaoting Liu, Shuhui Bian, Xiaoman Wang, Rui Wang, Shaofang Ren, Dazhuang Wang, Zhaokai Yao, Gang Chang, Fuchou Tang, Xiao-Yang Zhao
Summary: Through single-cell sequencing, the study investigates the transcriptome landscapes of mouse male germ cells throughout development and identifies critical regulators for prenatal cell-fate determination.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yi Fang, Xiaojiang Xu, Jun Ding, Lu Yang, Mary T. Doan, Peer W. F. Karmaus, Nathaniel W. Snyder, Yingming Zhao, Jian-Liang Li, Xiaoling Li
Summary: The study reveals that histone crotonylation is crucial for endoderm differentiation, as key crotonyl-coenzyme A-producing enzymes are induced to increase histone crotonylation and enhance endodermal gene expression. Chemical enhancement of histone crotonylation promotes endoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells, while deletion of crotonyl-CoA-producing enzymes impairs meso/endoderm differentiation in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruth Hornbachner, Andreas Lackner, Henrieta Papuchova, Sandra Haider, Martin Knoefler, Karl Mechtler, Paulina A. Latos
Summary: The study identified MSX2 as a key transcriptional regulator of trophoblast identity, which can prevent premature syncytiotrophoblast differentiation. MSX2 co-operates with the SWI/SNF complex to regulate multiple differentiation genes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Anderson Tan, Renuka Prasad, Eek-hoon Jho
Summary: TFEB plays a crucial role in mESCs by regulating PTN to maintain pluripotency, with interactions involving Nanog and Sox2. While high levels of TFEB are expected to enhance autophagy-lysosomal activity, undifferentiated mESCs surprisingly display low basal levels.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Chrysa Kapeni, Leslie Nitsche, Alastair M. Kilpatrick, Nicola K. Wilson, Kankan Xia, Bahar Mirshekar-Syahkal, Vashe Chandrakanthan, Camille Malouf, John E. Pimanda, Berthold Gottgens, Kristina Kirschner, Simon R. Tomlinson, Katrin Ottersbach
Summary: This study shows that the cell cycle inhibitor p57Kip2/Cdkn1c limits the number of hematopoietic stem cells by restricting the size of the sympathetic nervous system and the amount of catecholamines secreted by these cells. This regulation occurs at the sympathetic nervous system progenitor level and has a significant impact on early fetal liver colonization.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jianming Wang, Tiantian Liu, Jin Wang, Tao Chen, Yan Jiang
Summary: This study observed the effects of PM2.5 on human embryonic stem cells and found that it interferes with DNA methylation and mRNA expression, leading to aberrant cell proliferation. Additionally, PM2.5 significantly influenced the transcriptome patterns and DNA methylome of the cells. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the developmental toxicity of PM2.5.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Fang Fang, Zili Li, Xiaoke Zhang, Qi Huang, Shi Lu, Xiao Wang
Summary: KLF4 plays a crucial role in the regulation of human primordial germ cell specification. Upregulation of KLF4 is associated with the expression of PGC-related genes, while overexpression of KLF4 inhibits the formation of PGC-like cells.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Chao Sun, Yinhua Dong, Jun Wei, Meng Cai, Dongfang Liang, Yongqing Fu, You Zhou, Yi Sui, Fangda Wu, Roman Mikhaylov, Hanlin Wang, Feifei Fan, Zhihua Xie, Mercedes Stringer, Zhiyong Yang, Zhenlin Wu, Liangfei Tian, Xin Yang
Summary: This study develops a highly effective acoustic stimulator working at -20 MHz to investigate the roles of acousto-mechanical stimuli in the differentiation of hESCs. Our results show that acoustic dose alters the expression of extracellular matrix and physiological activity-related genes, indicating that acoustic stimulation is an important tool in regulating the stem cells' differentiation processes in cell therapy.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
