Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Maksim Zakhartsev, Filip Rotnes, Marie Gulla, Ove Oyas, Jesse C. J. van Dam, Maria Suarez-Diez, Fabian Grammes, Robert Anton Hafthorsson, Wout van Helvoirt, Jasper J. Koehorst, Peter J. Schaap, Yang Jin, Liv Torunn Mydland, Arne B. Gjuvsland, Simen R. Sandve, Vitor A. P. Martins dos Santos, Jon Olav Vik
Summary: SALARECON is a model that links the genome of Atlantic salmon to metabolic fluxes and growth, allowing for the simulation of metabolism and growth. It can be used to explain Atlantic salmon physiology and address key challenges in aquaculture.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jonas Mueller, Matteo Pauly, Joachim Molkentin, Ute Ostermeyer, Doret R. van Muilekom, Alexander Rebl, Tom Goldammer, Jacqueline Lindemeyer, Thekla Schultheiss, Henrike Seibel, Carsten Schulz
Summary: The study found that using microalgae as feed additives in a recirculating aquaculture system can improve the performance, fatty acid and pigment deposition, as well as the health and immunity of Atlantic salmon. However, the effects of different microalgae on fish vary.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Giovanni M. Turchini, Jessica A. Conlan, James A. Emery, Fernando Norambuena, Taiwo O. Akanbi, David S. Francis
Summary: Previous research on lipid nutrition in farmed fish has focused mainly on n-3 LC-PUFA, with limited understanding of the relationship between different dietary fatty acids. This study found a direct link between the physical properties of dietary fatty acids and omega-3 fatty acid metabolism in Atlantic salmon, suggesting new possibilities for lipid nutrition in aquaculture species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peng Yin, Bjorn Thrandur Bjornsson, Per Gunnar Fjelldal, Takaya Saito, Sofie Charlotte Remo, Rolf Brudvik Edvardsen, Tom Hansen, Sandeep Sharma, Rolf Erik Olsen, Kristin Hamre
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests a close relationship between oxidative stress and growth rate in fish, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear. This study investigated the combined effect of dietary antioxidants and growth hormone (GH) on the redox status of liver and muscle in Atlantic salmon. The results show that GH implantation decreases vitamin C and E levels, increases oxidative stress in the liver, and affects the expression of genes and pathways related to antioxidant enzymes and redox balance. Dietary antioxidants do lower oxidative stress but have no effect on the growth rate.
Article
Fisheries
Marc H. G. Berntssen, Grethe Rosenlund, Borja Garlito, Heidi Amlund, Nini H. Sissener, Annette Bernhard, Monica Sanden
Summary: The use of plant-based feeds in fish farming has introduced undesirable substances such as pesticides. Research indicates that commercially produced Atlantic salmon feed may contain unsafe levels of the pesticide pirimiphos-methyl (PM-m), leading to adverse effects on fish health. Fish fed with PM-m spiked feeds showed growth reduction, oxidative stress, liver damage, and disturbances in lipid metabolism. Safe limits for dietary PM-m were determined through dose-response analysis, setting the daily safe dose for fish consumption.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Susan Jarvis, Maureen A. Ellis, James F. Turnbull, Sonia Rey Planellas, Francoise Wemelsfelder
Summary: There is a growing consensus that fish are sentient beings capable of experiencing pain and suffering, leading to the challenge of assessing the welfare of farmed fish. This study explores the use of Qualitative Behavioral Assessment (QBA) as a potential tool for monitoring the welfare of farmed salmon. The results show promise in using QBA to efficiently assess the welfare of juvenile salmon under farmed conditions.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoandy Coca, Marcos Godoy, Juan Pablo Pontigo, Diego Caro, Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho, Raul Arias-Carrasco, Leonardo Rodriguez-Cordova, Marco Montes de Oca, Cesar Saez-Navarrete, Ian Burbulis
Summary: An unbalanced gut microbiota in fish may promote bacterial infections. However, the interactions between different bacterial groups and their effects on fish health are not well understood. This study found that pathogenic species were present in the digestive tract and gut mucosa of healthy salmon, and the dysbiosis in sick salmon may be associated with cooperative interactions between different taxonomic families of bacteria, leading to clinical symptoms.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eivind Molversmyr, Hanne Marie Devle, Carl Fredrik Naess-Andresen, Dag Ekeberg
Summary: The fatty acid profiles of wild and farmed Atlantic salmon and salmon feed were analyzed and compared. The muscle of farmed salmon contained four times more fat than wild salmon, and the fatty acid composition differed between the two. The overall nutritional profile was found to be more beneficial in wild Atlantic salmon.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Brent B. Hughes, Bashir A. Ali, Nusrat J. Noor, Soledad G. Soto, Megan N. Dethier
Summary: This study focused on the nursery functions of marine biogenic habitats, such as kelp and seagrass, and their importance for ecosystem services. It also highlighted the impact of invasive species on these habitats and the challenges in understanding the nursery role of coastal habitats for anadromous salmonids in the northeast Pacific. The results showed mixed effects of different habitat types on the growth, survival, and prey availability for endangered Chinook salmon smolts, indicating the importance of habitat diversity for nursery functions in coastal ecosystems.
ESTUARIES AND COASTS
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Aurelien Delaval, Martine Roysted Solas, Helge Skoglund, Anne Gro Vea Salvanes
Summary: Sagittal otoliths in hatchery-reared juvenile Atlantic salmon can be affected by vaterite, which may impair hearing and balance. However, structural tank enrichment did not directly affect vaterite formation. After release into the wild, salmon fry with vaterite otoliths were less likely to be eaten by predators and more likely to be recaptured in the river.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
B. Hart, R. Schurr, N. Narendranath, A. Kuehnle, S. M. Colombo
Summary: The study demonstrates that whole cell Schizochytrium sp. (Sc) offers a highly digestible (98%) source of PUFAs and protein, without the need for oil extraction or cell disruption.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hans Chr. Eilertsen, Edel Elvevoll, Ingeborg Hulda Giaever, Jon Brage Svenning, Lars Dalheim, Ragnhild Aven Svalheim, Birthe Vang, Sten Siikavuopio, Ragnhild Dragoy, Richard A. Ingebrigtsen, Espen Hansen, Anette Hustad, Karl-Erik Eilertsen
Summary: The study evaluated the potential of diatom biomass as a lice-reducing ingredient in salmon feed, finding that adding diatom biomass to the feed significantly reduced the number of lice infestations on salmon.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun Wu, Beth M. Cleveland, Mark Portman, Wendy M. Sealey, Xin Gen Lei
Summary: The substitution of fish oil with DHA-rich microalgae had a greater impact on the redox status and expression of antioxidant enzymes in rainbow trout tissues compared to the substitution of synthetic AST with microalgal AST.
Article
Biology
Rommy Diaz, John Quinones, Stefania Short, Pablo Contreras, Patricio Ulloa-Rodriguez, David Cancino-Baier, Nestor Sepulveda, Ivan Valdebenito, Jorge G. Farias
Summary: The study demonstrated that adding oleic acid and arachidonic acid can improve certain functional parameters in cryopreserved semen of Salmo solar, while linoleic acid, although increasing mitochondrial membrane potential, decreases membrane integrity and fertility. Arachidonic acid shows significant effects on enhancing sperm motility, membrane integrity, and fertility rates, making it a suitable additive for semen cryopreservation.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Havard Molversmyr, Ove Oyas, Filip Rotnes, Jon Olav Vik
Summary: Constraint-based models (CBMs) are widely used to study metabolic networks. However, most CBMs are generic and do not capture the differences in reaction activities between different contexts. In this study, six model extraction methods were used to create context-specific models for Atlantic salmon based on transcriptomic data. The results showed that certain methods outperformed others in terms of functional accuracy, and the context-specific models consistently performed better than the generic model.
NPJ SYSTEMS BIOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Artur N. Rombenso, Giovanni M. Turchini, Jesse T. Trushenski
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Zhen-Yu Du, Giovanni M. Turchini
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Fletcher Warren-Myers, Stephen E. Swearer, David S. Francis, Giovanni M. Turchini, Kathy Overton, Tim Dempster
Summary: The study tested three types of dried algal supplements on the color, taste, and gonad quality of temperate urchins, finding that while all feed types resulted in commercially acceptable gonad production, the algal supplements did not improve gonad color, taste, or the proportion of marketable gonads compared to the control feed.
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Umberto Luzzana, Giovanni M. Turchini
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shilin Wang, Zhihao Han, Giovanni M. Turchini, Xiaoyuan Wang, Zishuo Fang, Naisong Chen, Ruitao Xie, Haitao Zhang, Songlin Li
Summary: This study demonstrated the specific requirement of dietary phospholipids for larval largemouth bass, and provided novel insights on how dietary phospholipids supplementation contributes to improving growth performance, digestive tract development, and intestinal health.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Nesar Ahmed, John Hornbuckle, Giovanni M. Turchini
Summary: Integrated rice-fish culture is an alternative method to rice monoculture that improves food productivity and environmental sustainability. Water management is a key challenge for the wider adoption of rice-fish cultivation, and the efficient utilization of blue and green water can help overcome water scarcity and increase water productivity.
Article
Fisheries
Ece Evliyaoglu, Serdar Kilercioglu, Hatice Asuman Yilmaz, Giovanni M. Turchini, Marina Paolucci, Timothy D. Clark, Ibrahim Demirkale, Orhan Tufan Eroldogan
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of iron supplementation in plant-based aquafeed on the growth performances, feed intake, nutrients, digestibility, iron-related serum parameters, and gene expression in juvenile rainbow trout. The results showed that adding 150 mg/kg feed of iron (equivalent to ~270 mg/kg feed total) can improve the growth performances and feed utilization in rainbow trout.
Review
Fisheries
Houguo Xu, Xiaoxue Meng, Yuliang Wei, Qiang Ma, Mengqing Liang, Giovanni M. Turchini
Summary: The importance of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) in fish nutrition has been overlooked in the past, but recent studies have revealed its important functions in various physiological processes. These functions are influenced by factors such as dosage, species, development stage, sex, and feeding period.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Thomas S. Mock, Zakarya H. R. A. A. Alkhabbaz, Melissa M. Rocker, Michael J. Lewis, Erin E. Cumming, Richard P. Smullen, Giovanni M. Turchini, David S. Francis
Summary: This study explored the influence of water temperature on the gut transit rate of ingested feed in Atlantic salmon. The results showed that temperature significantly affected the transit rate in the stomach and large intestine, but had little impact on the pyloric caeca and small intestine. These findings can be used to improve dietary strategies for commercially important fish species, ultimately enhancing nutrient utilization.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Thomas S. Mock, Fang Qiao, Giovanni M. Turchini
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zhengyu Sheng, Giovanni M. Turchini, Jianming Xu, Zishuo Fang, Naisong Chen, Ruitao Xie, Haitao Zhang, Songlin Li
Summary: The inclusion of protein hydrolysates in the diet of larval largemouth bass has been shown to improve growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, protein metabolism, and intestinal health. This is achieved through the upregulation of specific genes related to amino acid transport, activation of the TOR pathway, inhibition of the AAR pathway, modulation of cytokine expression, and changes in the intestinal microbial community. These findings highlight the potential benefits of protein hydrolysates as a supplement in fish larval diets and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of their actions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Camila Fernandes Correa, Renata Oselame Nobrega, Bruna Mattioni, Giovanni M. Turchini, Debora Machado Fracalossi
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of different lipid sources on the in vivo fatty acid metabolism in Nile tilapia, and found that the enzyme activities and fatty acid composition were significantly affected by the diets and environmental temperatures.
Article
Fisheries
Abdul Lathiff Inamul Hassan, Thomas S. Mock, Kieren Searle, Melissa M. Rocker, Giovanni M. Turchini, David S. Francis
Summary: Australian abalone aquaculture is characterized by a prolonged culture period and slow and variable growth. Water temperature is a crucial factor influencing abalone's physiology and energetics, leading to changes in their nutritional requirements. Feeds are generally formulated based on the nutritional requirements at the optimal temperature, but there is a need to optimize dietary protein levels to match temperature-specific requirements during extreme conditions.
AQUACULTURE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Fisheries
Stefanie M. Colombo, Koushik Roy, Jan Mraz, Alex H. L. Wan, Simon J. Davies, Sean M. Tibbetts, Margareth Overland, David S. Francis, Melissa M. Rocker, Laura Gasco, Emma Spencer, Marc Metian, Jesse T. Trushenski, Giovanni M. Turchini
Summary: This review describes the role and importance of 'blue-food production' in a circular bioeconomy, particularly in improving the sustainability and resilience of aquaculture. It also discusses emerging nutrient sources for fed-aquaculture species.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Melissa M. Rocker, Thomas S. Mock, Giovanni M. Turchini, David S. Francis
Summary: The production of farmed Atlantic salmon is currently dependent on finite marine resources such as fish oil and fish meal. Reducing the inclusion of these resources in aquafeed can allow for sustainable growth of the industry until 2100 and beyond, while still meeting the dietary needs of humans for omega-3 fatty acids.