Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy N. Adkins, Julius P. A. Dewald, Lindsay P. Garmirian, Christa M. Nelson, Wendy M. Murray
Summary: Muscle architecture is plastic and changes in input or use can alter its structure. Differences in serial sarcomere number and physiological cross-sectional area of the biceps brachii between stroke patients and healthy controls suggest muscle adaptations associated with stroke.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hamid Asadi Dereshgi
Summary: The Rest-Pause Biceps Curl exercise enhances muscle growth and force in the Biceps Brachii through increased activation and fatigue. This study evaluated the influence of different contractions on the mechanical behavior of the muscle, finding a linear correlation between muscle force and mechanical behavior. The results provide insights into muscle fatigue, injury risk, and exercise technique.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jaroslav Prucha, Lenka Hanakova, Vladimir Socha, Ales Richter
Summary: The study focused on the effects of High Induction Magnetic Stimulation (HIMS) on the viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscles. HIMS was applied to 15 subjects, showing a decrease in muscle tone and an increase in tissue elasticity. The results suggest potential therapeutic benefits of HIMS in rehabilitation medicine, although further research is needed to support these findings.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Da Zhao, Xin Yu, Jianlong Wang, Qi Gao, Zhenjie Wang, Tinghai Cheng, Zhong Lin Wang
Summary: This paper proposes a quantitative standard based on the internal equivalent circuit to evaluate the effects of different factors on the outputs of TENGs. It establishes the relationship between the equivalent circuits and TENGs and explores the influence of mechanical structures and external excitations on output power and matching reactance. Experimental results show the order of influencing factors and the difference in frequency direction for TENGs.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yang Liu, Yen-Ting Chen, Chuan Zhang, Ping Zhou, Sheng Li, Yingchun Zhang
Summary: The study investigates the loss of motor units in spastic biceps brachii muscles of chronic stroke survivors before and after botulinum neurotoxin injection. High-density weighted average motor unit number estimation technique was used to estimate the number of functioning motor units in the muscles. The results showed lower motor unit number estimation in spastic muscles compared to non-spastic muscles, but a surprisingly higher estimation after botulinum neurotoxin injection. The findings suggest the potential of the technique to detect motor unit loss in spastic muscles after stroke, but caution is needed due to inter-subject variability after injection.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Anesthesiology
Andy Sanderson, Shuwfen F. Wang, Edith Elgueta-Cancino, Eduardo Martinez-Valdes, Enrique Sanchis-Sanchez, Bernard Liew, Deborah Falla
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that experimental and clinical pain have differing effects on corticospinal excitability and motor unit behavior, while the influence on the H-reflex is minimal. Experimental pain consistently reduced motor unit discharge rate, whereas individuals with chronic painful musculoskeletal disorders displayed more varied responses.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAIN
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tiril Toien, Runar Unhjem, Ole Kristian Berg, Per Aagaard, Eivind Wang
Summary: Neural factors are critical in the age-related decline in strength and rate of force development. This study found that strength training and endurance training have different effects on neuromuscular function, accompanied by different physiological traits. Emphasizing strength training is important for maintaining the ability to carry out force-dependent tasks in older age.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Chengjun Huang, Maoqi Chen, Zhiyuan Lu, Cliff S. Klein, Ping Zhou
Summary: This study examined electromyography (EMG)-force relations using both simulated and experimental approaches. Simulations showed significant variations in the EMG-force relations, depending on the size and location of motor units in the muscle. Experimental analysis of the biceps brachii muscles of healthy individuals confirmed spatial dependence of the log-transformed EMG-force relations. The findings suggest that the slope (b) of the log-transformed EMG-force relation could serve as a valuable measure for investigating muscle or motor unit changes associated with disease, injury, or aging.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Thibault Roumengous, Alec B. Reutter, Carrie L. Peterson
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of a low-cost navigated TMS approach in improving coil placement consistency and found that it effectively reduced coil orientation errors when tracking motor hotspots, but did not have an impact on MEP amplitudes and variability.
RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Thibault Roumengous, Carrie L. Peterson
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of isometric elbow flexion angle on two metrics in individuals with tetraplegia following SCI, and found that the variation in elbow angle did not affect the MEP ratio and VATMS. VATMS may not be a viable approach to assess neuromuscular function in individuals with tetraplegia.
RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hannah J. Sfreddo, Jaclyn R. Wecht, Ola A. Alsalman, Yu-Kuang Wu, Noam Y. Harel
Summary: Through a prospective cohort study, researchers aimed to understand the silent period (SP) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The results showed that SCI participants had lower MEP amplitudes compared to able-bodied participants, but no significant difference was found in SP duration. SP duration was found to be a more reliable outcome measure across multiple testing sessions compared to MEP amplitudes.
Article
Sport Sciences
Ai Ishida, Dylan G. Suarez, S. Kyle Travis, Jake A. Slaton, Jason B. White, Caleb D. Bazyler, Michael H. Stone
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on aerobic adaptation and anaerobic adaptation. The results showed a significant increase in oxygen consumption in the aerobic exercise group, while the lactate levels increased in the anaerobic exercise group. Aerobic and anaerobic exercise also had different effects on the expression of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes and the production of ROS in the muscles.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Thyciane Mendonca, Rodrigo Brito, Plinio Luna, Mayara Campelo, Livia Shirahige, Luis Fontes, Rebeca Dias, Daniele Piscitelli, Katia Monte-Silva
Summary: High-frequency rTMS applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) can increase cortical excitability for at least 60 minutes, but does not alter spinal excitability or spasticity.
RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Sandro Bartolomei, Cosimo Rovai, Ivan Malagoli Lanzoni, Rocco di Michele
Summary: This study investigated the relationships between muscle architecture, lower-body power, and maximal isometric force produced at the midthigh pull and midshin pull. The results showed that force produced from the floor position may be more important than force produced from a position that mimics the second pull of the clean for deadlift and vertical jump performances.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Vishnu D. Chandran, Rebecca L. Lambach, Robin S. Gibbons, Brian J. Andrews, Gary S. Beaupre, Saikat Pal
Summary: This study aimed to determine tibiofemoral forces during FES rowing in individuals with SCI. Peak magnitudes of tibiofemoral forces, relationships with FRFs and handle forces, and ratios of peak magnitudes to FRFs and handle forces were analyzed, providing a foundation for developing a direct exercise intensity metric for bone mechanical stimulus and personalizing rehabilitation protocols for bone health in SCI patients.
COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Julio Cesar de Oliveira Muniz Cunha, Estevao Rios Monteiro, David G. Behm, Victor Goncalves Correa Neto, Michelle de Souza Ribeiro, Christiano Bittencourt Machado, Giovanni da Silva Novaes, Rhodes Serra, Jeferson Macedo Vianna, Jefferson da Silva Novaes
Summary: The study compared the effects of myofascial release and muscle energy on acute outcomes in trunk extensors for recreationally resistance-trained women. Both techniques were found to improve trunk range-of-motion, with myofascial release showing greater magnitude increases.
JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES
(2023)
Article
Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism
Jordan K. Foley, Karl T. Erickson, Erin L. McGowan, David G. Behm
Summary: The demographic characteristics of Canadian strength and conditioning coaches were investigated in this study. The results showed that the typical Canadian S&C coach is male, in their thirties, works in the private sector, holds a bachelor's degree, and has the NSCA-CSCS certification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE & COACHING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
James A. Beauchamp, Gregory E. P. Pearcey, Obaid U. Khurram, Matthieu Chardon, Y. Curtis Wang, Randall K. Powers, Julius P. A. Dewald, C. J. Heckman
Summary: This study presents a novel geometric approach to estimate the contribution of neuromodulatory and inhibitory inputs to motor unit (MU) discharge. By exploiting the discharge nonlinearities introduced by persistent inward currents (PIC) amplification, we quantify the deviation from linear discharge (brace height) and the rate of change in discharge (acceleration slope, attenuation slope, angle). These metrics provide intuitive methods for assessing neuromodulatory and inhibitory drive to individual MUs.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan G. Savoury, Armin Kibele, Kevin Power, Nehara Herat, Shahab Alizadeh, David Behm
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the effects of 10-min of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) on quadriceps isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force and fatigue endurance. The results showed that a-tDCS led to a significant reduction in absolute MVC force in the ipsilateral leg, while s-tDCS caused a significant reduction in the contralateral leg. Furthermore, a-tDCS resulted in significantly lower relative MVC force in the ipsilateral quadriceps compared to s-tDCS. The findings suggest that a-tDCS may not effectively enhance maximal force or endurance and could potentially impair quadriceps force production.
Review
Sport Sciences
Shahab Alizadeh, Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, Ali Zahiri, Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar, Reza Goudini, Jared P. Hicks, Andreas Konrad, David George Behm
Summary: This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of chronic resistance training on range of motion compared to different conditions. The findings suggest that resistance training can increase range of motion and stretching may not be necessary to enhance flexibility before or after resistance training.
Article
Sport Sciences
Victor Pulido, Brent Alvar, David Behm
Summary: This study compared three different protocols (Traditional, BodybladeTM, and Mixed) for shoulder rehabilitation on athletes with TASI. The results showed that all three training groups improved their scores on the WOSI and the Traditional and BodybladeTM groups demonstrated significant improvements in UQYBT scores.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Saman Hadjizadeh Anvar, Urs Granacher, Andreas Konrad, Shahab Alizadeh, Robyn Culleton, Chris Edwards, Reza Goudini, David G. Behm
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of muscle stretching on the range of motion (ROM) and force deficit in non-stretched muscles. The results showed that static stretching significantly improved the ROM of the stretched muscles, but had a negative impact on force production. Furthermore, both the ROM improvement and force impairment were transferred to the contralateral muscles, and there were no significant changes in spinal and corticospinal excitability.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, Hassan Sadeghi, Rasoul Yaali, David G. Behm
Summary: This study compared the strength ratio and proprioception of hamstrings and quadriceps muscles in elderly male fallers and non-fallers. The results showed that non-fallers had higher strength and better symmetry, bilateral and unilateral knee strength ratios, as well as more sensitive knee proprioception than fallers.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
David G. Behm, Shahab Alizadeh, Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, Andreas Konrad
Summary: The use of dynamic stretching as a replacement for static stretching in warm-up is widespread, but there is a lack of literature on the effects of dynamic stretching on injury incidence. Studies have shown mixed results, with some demonstrating positive effects on injury incidence while others showing no significant difference. The effects of dynamic stretching on range of motion, strength, balance, proprioception, muscle morphology, and psycho-physiological responses are also unclear. More extensive studies are needed in this area to provide clearer conclusions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Monoem Haddad, Zied Abbes, Nidhal Zarrouk, Zlatan Aganovic, Albraa Hulweh, Imen Moussa-Chamari, David G. Behm
Summary: The objective of this study was to determine and compare leg asymmetry between preferred dominant and non-dominant legs in muscular power and balance among sub-elite soccer players in Qatar. The findings showed that these players had minimal leg asymmetry in vertical jump and dynamic balance. These findings are helpful for talent assessment and training optimization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamie Pethick, Jason Moran, David G. Behm
Summary: Static stretching reduces maximal muscle force generation and also affects the generation of precise levels of force during submaximal contractions. In this study, the effect of acute static stretching on knee extensor force control was investigated. The results showed that prolonged static stretching led to decreased maximal force and increased fluctuations in force at moderate to high intensities, indicating negative effects on force control tasks.
Review
Sport Sciences
David G. Behm, Urs Granacher, Konstantin Warneke, Jose Carlos Aragao-Santos, Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto, Andreas Konrad
Summary: Research has shown that for sedentary individuals or beginners not meeting minimal exercise recommendations, one weekly resistance training session at intensities below 50% of 1RM with < 3 sets per multi-joint exercise can be sufficient to improve physical fitness for at least the first 12 weeks.
Article
Rehabilitation
Foad Mahmoudi, Nader Rahnama, Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, David G. Behm
Summary: This study compares static and dynamic balance in soccer players in different positions and finds that goalkeepers have better static and dynamic balance, while midfielders have better dynamic balance. Therefore, the evaluation of balance and postural control performance should be considered in the position-specific functional evaluation of soccer players.
JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES
(2023)
Review
Rehabilitation
Flavia Medeiros, Wagner Martins, David Behm, Deise Ribeiro, Emmanuela Marinho, Wanderson Santos, Ricardo Borges Viana
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of foam roller or stick massage on indirect markers of muscle damage in healthy individuals after exercise-induced muscle damage protocols. The results showed that foam roller or stick massage had no significant effect on muscle soreness, range of motion, muscle swelling, and maximal voluntary isometric contraction recovery. The included studies had methodological heterogeneity and there is a lack of high-quality and well-designed studies to draw definite conclusions.
JOURNAL OF BODYWORK AND MOVEMENT THERAPIES
(2023)
Letter
Sport Sciences
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Jose Afonso, Jason Moran, David G. G. Behm, Urs Granacher
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2023)