Article
Genetics & Heredity
Liam F. Spurr, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, Sean P. Pitroda
Summary: This study demonstrates that tumor aneuploidy could serve as an independent prognostic indicator in patients with low tumor mutational burden (TMB) receiving immunotherapy.
Review
Oncology
Zahra Shokati Eshkiki, Shahram Agah, Seidamir Pasha Tabaeian, Meghdad Sedaghat, Fatemeh Dana, Atefeh Talebi, Abolfazl Akbari
Summary: The translation article points out that there is sufficient evidence to support the role of neoantigens in clinically successful immunotherapy. Several algorithms have been designed and optimized based on Next-Generation Sequencing and public databases to predict in silico the development of neoantigens and stimulate the development of T cell therapies, cancer vaccines, and other ongoing immunotherapy approaches.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Qingyi Hu, Jiaoshun Chen, Wen Yang, Ming Xu, Jun Zhou, Jie Tan, Tao Huang
Summary: Previous studies have shown that GPX3 expression is down-regulated in various tumors and can be used as a marker for cancer diagnosis. However, GPX3 expression is also associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. In addition, GPX3 is closely related to thyroid function and antioxidant function, and its expression may be regulated by epigenetic modifications. In vitro experiments show that GPX3 expression is associated with cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapy and is involved in tumor metastasis in oxidative environments.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David E. Symer, Keiko Akagi, Heather M. Geiger, Yang Song, Gaiyun Li, Anne-Katrin Emde, Weihong Xiao, Bo Jiang, Andre Corvelo, Nora C. Toussaint, Jingfeng Li, Amit Agrawal, Enver Ozer, Adel K. El-Naggar, Zoe Du, Jitesh B. Shewale, Birgit Stache-Crain, Mark Zucker, Nicolas Robine, Kevin R. Coombes, Maura L. Gillison
Summary: This study investigates the oncogenic impacts of human papillomavirus (HPV) integration in oropharyngeal cancer. Through whole-genome sequencing analysis of 105 HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers, virus integration is detected in 77% of cases, with recurrent integration sites near genes involved in epithelial stem cell maintenance and immune evasion. The presence of HPV integrants is associated with increased genomic copy number hyperamplification and focal host genomic instability. The frequency of genes expressed at extreme outlier levels is also significantly increased near integrants. These findings suggest that virus integration can contribute to carcinogenesis in HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers by disrupting host genome structure and gene expression.
Article
Immunology
Kaisa Cui, Liang Gong, Kang Wang, Yuanben Wang, Liuying Huang, Bingxin Liu, Qilin Li, Qiang Zhang, Bojian Fei, Zhaohui Huang
Summary: Ferroptosis, a form of non-apoptotic cell death, is regulated by iron-mediated oxidative damage and cell membrane damage. This study developed a method to evaluate relative ferroptosis levels (RFL) and classified tumor samples into high and low RFL groups. It was found that high RFL cases demonstrated favorable survival outcomes and showed both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive phenotypes. Furthermore, high RFL cases responded well to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of ferroptosis and has important implications for clinical cancer therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jingyi Fan, Marcia Bellon, Mingyi Ju, Lin Zhao, Minjie Wei, Liwu Fu, Christophe Nicot
Summary: FBXW7 is a component of the SCF/beta-TrCP complex and plays a role in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of oncoproteins. It affects various regulatory functions and its dysregulation is associated with cancer. FBXW7 expression and functions are regulated through multiple mechanisms, and its inactivation is frequently observed in lung, colon, and hematopoietic cancers. Mutations in FBXW7 result in differential degradation of specific cellular targets, leading to distinct activation/inactivation patterns in cell signaling pathways.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Leila Mousazadeh, Behzad Mousazadeh, Jamshid Motaei, Faezeh Abbasi, Reza Jafarzadeh Esfehani
Summary: Tazemetostate is a promising epigenetic drug for different cancers, with some preclinical studies and limited clinical evidence supporting its safety and efficacy in specific lymphomas and solid tumors. However, further research is needed to determine its superiority over other chemotherapy agents and its potential use in other clinical conditions.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Han Zhang, Kaisa Cui, Surui Yao, Yuan Yin, Dengyang Liu, Zhaohui Huang
Summary: This study conducted a Pan-cancer analysis of SLC1A5 across 30 types of human cancers, revealing its upregulation in multiple cancers, particularly in digestive and respiratory system cancers, driven by CNV gain and DNA hypomethylation. The research also demonstrated that SLC1A5 overexpression is associated with tumor progression and poor survival in various cancers, with potential effects on cell functions and drug response.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Shu-Heng Jiang, Shan Zhang, Hao Wang, Jun-Li Xue, Zhi-Gang Zhang
Summary: Cancer neuroscience is a growing field that focuses on the interactions between cancer and the nervous system. Perineural invasion (PNI), in which cancer cells invade and surround nerves in the tumor microenvironment, is associated with increased tumor recurrence and decreased survival. Various in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models have been developed to study PNI, revealing the role of factors such as neurotrophins, chemokines, exosomes, and inflammatory cells in the reciprocal crosstalk between nerves and cancer cells. These models allow the study of isolated factors, neuroaffinity, and the complex pathophysiological processes of PNI.
Article
Oncology
Lingxi Nan, Changcheng Wang, Jie Wang, Shulong Zhang, Xiaobo Bo, Yueqi Wang, Houbao Liu
Summary: This study reveals the clinical significance of ARID1A in gallbladder cancer patients. Low expression of ARID1A is associated with decreased overall survival and downregulation of immune-evasion related signaling pathways. High expression of ARID1A combined with low PD-L1 expression or low PD1+ TILs count is associated with the best prognosis in patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yutao Zhou, Yumei Jiang, Wei Peng, Mingfei Li, Hexin Chen, Songling Chen
Summary: The expression and localization patterns of Yes-associated protein (YAP) play critical but differential roles in nasal epithelial remodeling processes under mucosal inflammation and benign tumor formation, with ectopic nuclear YAP expression associated with basal cell hyperplasia, increase of cytoplasmic YAP correlated with goblet cell metaplasia, and increase of cytoplasmic YAP correlated with squamous cell metaplasia.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charu Aggarwal, Rotem Ben-Shachar, Yinjie Gao, Seung Won Hyun, Zachary Rivers, Carrie Epstein, Kristiyana Kaneva, Chithra Sangli, Halla Nimeiri, Jyoti Patel
Summary: The association between tumor mutational burden (TMB) and clinical outcomes in patients with diverse advanced cancers was assessed. The results showed that TMB-H cancers had improved clinical outcomes compared to TMB-L cancers. This finding is of great importance for the clinical treatment of tumors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew Zatzman, Fabio Fuligni, Ryan Ripsman, Tannu Suwal, Federico Comitani, Lisa-Monique Edward, Rob Denroche, Gun Ho Jang, Faiyaz Notta, Steven Gallinger, Saravana P. Selvanathan, Jeffrey A. Toretsky, Matthew D. Hellmann, Uri Tabori, Annie Huang, Adam Shlien
Summary: Hypertranscription is prevalent in various cancers and defines subgroups with worse prognosis. Dysregulation of transcriptional suppression underlies the hypertranscriptional phenotype. Patients with hypertranscribed mutations show improved response to immune checkpoint therapy.
Article
Oncology
Yanze Yu, Han Zeng, Kaifeng Jin, Runze You, Zhaopei Liu, Hongyi Zhang, Chunnan Liu, Xiaohe Su, Sen Yan, Yuan Chang, Li Liu, Le Xu, Jiejie Xu, Yu Zhu, Zewei Wang
Summary: NRP1 expression is associated with poor prognosis and response to immunotherapy in MIBC patients. High-level NRP1 expression is correlated with an immunosuppressive microenvironment and reduced mutation burden.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jiadong Xia, Qijie Zhang, Jiaochen Luan, Pengxiang Min, Hanjie Zhang, Gang Chen, Chengjian Ji, Ninghong Song
Summary: This study compared the activation of the TGF beta pathway in different tumor microenvironments using multi-omics data. The results showed increased activity of TGF beta signaling in inflamed tumors compared to non-inflamed tumors in non-cancer cell types within the tumor microenvironment. Significant correlations were found between TGF beta signaling and reliable biomarkers for immune checkpoint blockade therapy, as well as HPV status. These findings help explain the inconsistency between preclinical and clinical research and are crucial for optimizing clinical trial design and personalized prediction.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Qing Zhou, Samantha O. Perakis, Peter Ulz, Sumitra Mohan, Jakob M. Riedl, Emina Talakic, Sigurd Lax, Martin Toetsch, Gerald Hoefler, Thomas Bauernhofer, Martin Pichler, Armin Gerger, Jochen B. Geigl, Ellen Heitzer, Michael R. Speicher
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Christopher G. Smith, Tina Moser, Florent Mouliere, Johanna Field-Rayner, Matthew Eldridge, Anja L. Riediger, Dineika Chandrananda, Katrin Heider, Jonathan C. M. Wan, Anne Y. Warren, James Morris, Irena Hudecova, Wendy N. Cooper, Thomas J. Mitchell, Davina Gale, Andrea Ruiz-Valdepenas, Tobias Klatte, Stephan Ursprung, Evis Sala, Antony C. P. Riddick, Tevita F. Aho, James N. Armitage, Samantha Perakis, Martin Pichler, Maximilian Seles, Gabriel Wcislo, Sarah J. Welsh, Athena Matakidou, Tim Eisen, Charles E. Massie, Nitzan Rosenfeld, Ellen Heitzer, Grant D. Stewart
Review
Oncology
Ciro Andolfi, Jeffrey C. Bloodworth, Apostolos Papachristos, Randy F. Sweis
Article
Immunology
Rosalyn W. Sayaman, Mohamad Saad, Vesteinn Thorsson, Donglei Hu, Wouter Hendrickx, Jessica Roelands, Eduard Porta-Pardo, Younes Mokrab, Farshad Farshidfar, Tomas Kirchhoff, Randy F. Sweis, Oliver F. Bathe, Carolina Heimann, Michael J. Campbell, Cynthia Stretch, Scott Huntsman, Rebecca E. Graff, Najeeb Syed, Laszlo Radvanyi, Simon Shelley, Denise Wolf, Francesco M. Marincola, Michele Ceccarelli, Jerome Galon, Elad Ziv, Davide Bedognetti
Summary: Understanding the host's genetic background's contribution to cancer immunity has significant impact on the composition and functional orientation of the tumor immune microenvironment, with certain genes potentially acting as immune modulators. Investigating the effects of germline variants on immune traits provides a resource toward further understanding tumor-immune interactions.
Article
Oncology
Funda Meric-Bernstam, Randy F. Sweis, F. Stephen Hodi, Wells A. Messersmith, Robert H. Andtbacka, Matthew Ingham, Nancy Lewis, Xinhui Chen, Marc Pelletier, Xueying Chen, Jincheng Wu, Sarah M. McWhirter, Thomas Mueller, Nitya Nair, Jason J. Luke
Summary: This study assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of MIW815, a novel cyclic dinucleotide, in patients with advanced/metastatic cancers. Results showed that MIW815 was well tolerated, but had limited clinical activity as a single agent. However, evidence of systemic immune activation was observed.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Valentina Boni, Mary J. Fidler, Hendrik-Tobias Arkenau, Alexander Spira, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Nataliya Uboha, Rachel E. Sanborn, Randy F. Sweis, Patricia LoRusso, Misako Nagasaka, Javier Garcia-Corbacho, Shadia Jalal, James J. Harding, Stella K. Kim, Iris H. C. Miedema, Danielle J. Vugts, Marc C. Huisman, Gerben J. C. Zwezerijnen, Guus A. M. S. van Dongen, C. Willemien Menke van der Houven van Oordt, Song Wang, Tam Dang, Ivan A. Zein, Olga Vasiljeva, Susan K. Lyman, Virginia Paton, Alison Hannah, Joyce F. Liu
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Praluzatamab ravtansine (CX-2009) in patients with advanced solid tumors. The results showed that breast cancer was the most prevalent subtype among the 99 patients enrolled in the study.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samantha O. Hasenleithner, Michael R. Speicher
Summary: The analysis of cell-free DNA from liquid biopsy, particularly circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has shown promise in oncology, but questions remain regarding its clinical validity and utility, necessitating further research and study.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Bergman, Randy F. Sweis, Alexander T. Pearson, Fereshteh Nazari, Trachette L. Jackson
Summary: Agent-based models are a useful platform for studying biological processes at different scales, but they can be computationally expensive. This study proposes a method that allows for the same computational time regardless of the number of agents, significantly speeding up simulations and enabling more thorough exploration of ABMs with larger agent populations.
Article
Oncology
Funda Meric-Bernstam, Randy F. Sweis, Stefan Kasper, Omid Hamid, Shailender Bhatia, Reinhard Dummer, Agostina Stradella, Georgina Long, Anna Spreafico, Toshio Shimizu, Neeltje Steeghs, Jason J. Luke, Sarah M. McWhirter, Thomas Mueller, Nitya Nair, Nancy Lewis, Xinhui Chen, Andrew Bean, Lisa Kattenhorn, Marc Pelletier, Shahneen Sandhu
Summary: This study assessed the safety and tolerability of the combination of MIW815 and spartalizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphomas. The results showed that the combination therapy had immune activation but limited antitumor activity.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Samantha O. Hasenleithner, Michael R. Speicher
Summary: This study compares ten machine-learning classifiers and finds that cfDNA methylation patterns hold the most promise for multi-cancer early detection (MCED) testing.
Review
Oncology
Jacobi B. B. Hines, Alec J. J. Kacew, Randy F. F. Sweis
Summary: New therapies are needed to enhance the effects of current immunotherapies and overcome resistance. The STING pathway is an innate immune activating cascade that may improve current cancer immunotherapies. Preclinical data shows that the addition of a STING agonist enhances the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors and radiation therapy. STING agonists activate the immune response to improve tumor control, and ongoing clinical trials are investigating optimal drug combinations and delivery mechanisms for their therapeutic use.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Denis Horgan, Tanja Cufer, Francesco Gatto, Iwona Lugowska, Donatella Verbanac, Angela Carvalho, Jonathan A. Lal, Marta Kozaric, Sinead Toomey, Hristo Y. Ivanov, John Longshore, Umberto Malapelle, Samantha Hasenleithner, Paul Hofman, Catherine Alix-Panabieres
Summary: Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive method aimed at detecting circulating tumor-derived components in body fluids, providing an alternative to tissue biopsies for cancer diagnosis confirmation. This paper explores the support provided by regulatory, policy, and governance frameworks for implementing LB technology in healthcare systems.
Article
Oncology
Sabrina Weber, Paul van der Leest, Hylke C. Donker, Thomas Schlange, Wim Timens, Menno Tamminga, Samantha O. Hasenleithner, Ricarda Graf, Tina Moser, Benjamin Spiegl, Marie-Laure Yaspo, Leon W. M. M. Terstappen, Grigory Sidorenkov, T. Jeroen. N. Hiltermann, Michael R. Speicher, Ed Schuuring, Ellen Heitzer, Harry J. M. Groen
Summary: This study evaluated the predictive value of ctDNA changes during ICI treatment for NSCLC patients. Molecular responders showed significantly improved survival outcomes, especially after excluding CH-related variants. The study suggests that on-treatment changes of ctDNA in plasma could provide predictive information for long-term clinical benefit in ICI-treated NSCLC patients.
JCO PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jakob M. Riedl, Samantha O. Hasenleithner, Gudrun Pregartner, Lukas Scheipner, Florian Posch, Karin Groller, Karl Kashofer, Stephan W. Jahn, Thomas Bauernhofer, Martin Pichler, Herbert Stoger, Andrea Berghold, Gerald Hoefler, Michael R. Speicher, Ellen Heitzer, Armin Gerger
Summary: The study evaluated the success of a targeted therapy selected by profiling of ctDNA and tissue in patients with advanced and refractory carcinoma. The results indicate that more innovative approaches to study design and matching algorithms are necessary to achieve improved patient outcomes.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Alec Kacew, Randy F. Sweis
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2020)