Article
Immunology
Satoshi Hirose, Shaohui Wang, Ujjaldeep Jaggi, Harry H. Matundan, Mihoko Kato, Xue-Ying Song, Sara J. Molesworth-Kenyon, Robert N. Lausch, Homayon Ghiasi
Summary: A study examined the role of IL-17A and its receptors in HSV-1-induced CNS demyelination. The results showed that IL-17A, along with IL-17RA, IL-17RC, and IL-17RD, plays an important role in this process. Both T cells and non-T cells expressing IL-17A contribute to the development of demyelination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiao Huan, Rui Zhao, Jie Song, Huahua Zhong, Manqiqige Su, Chong Yan, Ying Wang, Sheng Chen, Zhirui Zhou, Jiahong Lu, Jianying Xi, Sushan Luo, Chongbo Zhao
Summary: Using ultrasensitive measurement, this study found elevated levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-12p70 in patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) of the anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subtype. Subgroup analysis revealed specific differences in cytokine levels based on the age of onset, MGFA classification, and disease duration. Serum cytokines with very low concentrations may serve as potential biomarkers in stratifying gMG patients in future prospective cohort studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zorana Lopandic, Isidora Protic-Rosic, Aleksandra Todorovic, Sofija Glamoclija, Marija Gnjatovic, Danica Cujic, Marija Gavrovic-Jankulovic
Summary: This study demonstrated the immunoreactivity of a designed M protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with IgM and IgG antibodies in serum samples from COVID-19 convalescents. The ELISA results showed over 93% positivity for IgM detection and over 96% positivity for specific IgG detection to the M protein in COVID-19 sera. Based on its ability to provoke an immune response and strong antigenic properties, the M protein has the potential for diagnostic purposes and vaccine design.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mingming Wan, Xiao Yang, Jie Sun, Xue Ding, Zhijun Chen, Weiheng Su, Linjun Cai, Ali Hou, Bo Sun, Feng Gao, Chunlai Jiang, Yan Zhou
Summary: This study evaluated three recombinant vaccines as therapeutic vaccines against acute and recurrent genital herpes. The rAd-gD2 Delta UL25 vaccine induced a higher titer of binding antibody, while the rAd-gD2 + rAd-Delta UL25 vaccine induced a higher titer of neutralizing antibody. Both vaccines significantly improved survival rates and reduced viral replication.
Article
Virology
Satoshi Hirose, Mihoko Kato, Kati Tormanen, Pedram Shafiei Jahani, Omid Akbari, Homayon Ghiasi
Summary: The study investigated the role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in central nervous system demyelination induced by HSV-IL-2. Results showed that HSV-IL-2 infection led to significant changes in ILC2s, including upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and genes related to mitosis, indicating a potential role of ILC2 activation state in demyelinating diseases. These findings highlight the impact of environmental cues, such as pathogens, on innate lymphocyte functionalities.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Kevin Chiem, Desarey Morales Vasquez, Jun-Gyu Park, Roy Neal Platt, Tim Anderson, Mark R. Walter, James J. Kobie, Chengjin Ye, Luis Martinez-Sobrido
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has had a devastating impact on global public health and economies, with limited therapeutic options available. Researchers have developed reporter-expressing rSARS-CoV-2 constructs to track viral infections, showing promise in identifying neutralizing antibodies or antiviral drugs.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Maria Korom, Hong Wang, Kaelin M. Bernier, Brian J. Geiss, Lynda A. Morrison
Summary: A triple mutant virus, ICP8-vhs-B7-2+, expressing B7-2 costimulation molecules, was found to be more effective in reducing genital disease and mortality caused by HSV-2 infection. Immunization with this virus also enhanced the production of IFN gamma-producing CD8 T cells and memory CD8 T cells.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Longlong Zheng, Li Zhang, Fan Tan, Chen Wang, Xiaoling Lv, Rui Bai, Nairui Huo, Mingxue Zheng
Summary: In this study, a recombinant Lactococcus lactis expressing fusion protein of chicken IL-4 and IL-2 was constructed to enhance the immune effect of chicken coccidiosis vaccine and reduce its adverse effects. The co-immunization with the recombinant L. lactis resulted in significantly higher weight gains and lower intestinal lesion scores compared to the vaccine-only group.
Article
Immunology
Byoung-Jun Kim, Hyein Jeong, Hyejun Seo, Mi-Hyun Lee, Hyun Mu Shin, Bum-Joon Kim
Summary: This study developed a novel vaccine candidate that induced strong immune responses in mice, showing potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Oksana Tsyklauri, Tereza Chadimova, Veronika Niederlova, Jirina Kovarova, Juraj Michalik, Iva Malatova, Sarka Janusova, Olha Ivashchenko, Helene Rossez, Ales Drobek, Hana Vecerova, Virginie Galati, Marek Kovar, Ondrej Stepanek
Summary: In this study, it was identified that Tregs limit the availability of IL-2, thereby suppressing the formation of a previously uncharacterized subset of antigen-stimulated KILR CD8(+) effector T cells. These KILR CD8(+) T cells exhibit superior cell-killing abilities and can be induced by the administration of agonistic IL-2 immunocomplexes. This research has potential implications for immunotherapy targeting these cells in humans.
Article
Immunology
Kwang Woon Kim, Asa Ljunggren-Rose, Pranathi Matta, Shinji Toki, Subramaniam Sriram
Summary: Small ubiquitin like modifiers (SUMO) play important regulatory roles in the central nervous system and immune system, and can potentially be utilized for the treatment of inflammatory demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Licong Wang, Maoxia Yang, Sheng Luo, Guanjun Yang, Xinjiang Lu, Jianfei Lu, Jiong Chen
Summary: This study evaluated the protective efficacy of oral administration of surface-displayed ORF132 against CyHV-2 infection. The results showed that oral vaccination evoked strong immune responses and provided significant protection for crucian carp, resulting in a relative percent survival of 64%.
Article
Immunology
Yiwen Guo, Yun Lin, Quan Xie, Wenyuan Zhang, Zhenqi Xu, Yifei Chao, Xudong Cao, Huiru Jiang, Han Li, Tuofan Li, Zhimin Wan, Hongxia Shao, Aijian Qin, Jianqiang Ye
Summary: Recently, highly pathogenic fowl adenovirus 4 (FAdV-4) and duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3) have caused widespread outbreaks and economic losses in the duck industry. To address this, a novel recombinant FAdV-4, rFAdV-4-Fiber-2/DAdV-3, expressing the Fiber-2 protein of DAdV-3 was successfully generated using CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre-LoxP systems. This recombinant virus showed successful expression of the Fiber-2 protein and exhibited higher replication ability compared to wild type FAdV-4 in LMH cells. The development of rFAdV-4-Fiber-2/DAdV-3 provides a potential vaccine candidate against both FAdV-4 and DAdV-3.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ruoying Li, Guanming Shao, Zi Xie, Zezhong Hu, Keyu Feng, Jiahui He, Hailong Wang, Jun Fu, Xinheng Zhang, Qingmei Xie
Summary: This study successfully constructed recombinant viruses expressing SARS-CoV-2-S and SARS-CoV-2-N proteins, which provides a reference for future research on live vector vaccines for domestic animals, pets, and wild animals.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Saykat Das, Jorunn Stamnaes, Esko Kemppainen, Kaisa Hervonen, Knut E. A. Lundin, Naveen Parmar, Frode L. Jahnsen, Jorgen Jahnsen, Katri Lindfors, Teea Salmi, Rasmus Iversen, Ludvig M. Sollid
Summary: Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an inflammatory skin disorder often considered as an extra intestinal manifestation of celiac disease (CeD). Hallmarks of CeD and DH are auto-antibodies to transglutaminase 2 (TG2) and transglutaminase 3 (TG3), respectively. DH patients have auto-antibodies reactive with both transglutaminase enzymes.