Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anastasiia Delova, Raul Losantos, Jeremy Pecourneau, Maxime Mourer, Andreea Pasc, Antonio Monari
Summary: The use of photosensitive molecules for light-activated chemotherapy is gaining popularity. A cyclocurcumin derivative (CCBu) has been identified as a potential alternative to traditional photodynamic therapy, showing oxygen-independent mechanism and effectiveness against hypoxic solid tumors. The interaction between CCBu and complex lipid bilayers has been studied using molecular dynamics, revealing differences in membrane penetration and isomerization-induced perturbations. Simplified membrane models oversimplify the system and hinder important physical and biological phenomena. Addition of bulkier substituents to CCBu can enhance its efficiency.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jamil Nehme, Abdullah Altulea, Teodora Gheorghe, Marco Demaria
Summary: Evidence suggests that metabolism is a major regulator of aging and that dietary interventions and metabolic perturbations can extend health and lifespan. A common target for delaying aging is cellular senescence, which involves growth arrest and the activation of pro-inflammatory factors. This article summarizes current knowledge on carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism and their role in regulating cellular senescence. It also discusses the potential of dietary interventions to prevent disease and extend healthy longevity by modulating senescence-associated phenotypes, and the need for personalized nutritional interventions based on individual health and age status.
BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dechao Feng, Qiao Xiong, Qiang Wei, Lu Yang
Summary: Prostate cancer is a significant public health issue in men, particularly due to its clinical heterogeneity and impact on the aging population. This study explores the tumor microenvironment and the role of cancer-related fibroblasts in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Additionally, potential targets for prostate cancer treatment are identified.
Article
Immunology
Catherine Olesch, David Brunn, Oeznur Aktay-Cetin, Evelyn Sirait-Fischer, Soni Savai Pullamsetti, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger, Bernhard Bruene, Andreas Weigert, Rajkumar Savai
Summary: The cellular landscape of murine lungs under steady-state and cancer conditions was elucidated using a hierarchical clustering approach with multispectral flow cytometry. This approach showed promise in resolving cell populations in complex organs, even with basic flow cytometers. The study identified major altered populations in primary and metastatic murine lung tumor models and provided a comprehensive understanding of the lung tumor microenvironment.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Mikolaj Ogrodnik
Summary: The field of cellular senescence research has expanded rapidly from in vitro studies of aging to animal and clinical research, focusing on the role of senescence markers in aging, disease, and anti-senescence interventions. The presence and role of these markers in cells prior to cell cycle arrest, particularly in replicative aging and in vivo conditions, are discussed. The article also explores disparities in quantifications of senescence markers in vivo and the applicational value of broadening the cellular senescence paradigm.
Review
Cell Biology
Priscila Viana Carapeto, Cristina Aguayo-Mazzucato
Summary: The article discusses the natural aging process and its relationship with the development of chronic diseases, emphasizing exercise as a beneficial intervention that can promote longevity and healthspan by slowing down the nine hallmarks of cellular aging and inhibiting age-related inflammation.
Review
Dermatology
Paulo F. L. da Silva, Bjoern Schumacher
Summary: Aging is characterized by progressive functional decline and increased mortality, driven by cellular damage accumulation, low-grade inflammation, and disrupted intercellular communication and homeostasis. This process is influenced by epigenetic changes, gene expression dysregulation, and altered endocrine signaling, making age the main risk factor for age-associated diseases.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Agnieszka Krzywdzinska, Bartosz Pula, Donata Szymczak, Aneta Milanowska, Agnieszka Szeremet, Krzysztof Jamroziak
Summary: This study assessed the cellular composition of the bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma (MM) patients with confirmed biochemical progression or relapse (BR). The results showed that BR status was associated with an increase in the percentage of lymphoid subpopulations and a decrease in B-cell precursors and neutrophils.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ines Martic, Pidder Jansen-Duerr, Maria Cavinato
Summary: This review summarizes the current knowledge about the effects of air pollution on the skin, including the relationship between air pollution components and cellular senescence, as well as the current therapeutic and cosmetic interventions.
Review
Biology
Sridhar Reddy Padala, Bina Kashyap, Hannah Dekker, Jopi J. W. Mikkonen, Anni Palander, Nathalie Bravenboer, Arja M. Kullaa
Summary: Radiation can have detrimental effects on bone at structural, cellular, vascular, and molecular levels, increasing the risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissues and the risk of fracture. Technological advances and research on animal models and human bone tissue studies have provided insights into how bone is affected by different doses of radiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sai Krupa Das, Rachel E. Silver, Alistair Senior, Cheryl H. Gilhooly, Manjushri Bhapkar, David Le Couteur
Summary: This study used the Geometric Framework for Nutrition to examine the impact of macronutrient composition on adherence to calorie restriction (CR) and its effect on cardiometabolic markers of healthspan. The study found that a higher percentage of reported energy intake from protein and carbohydrate, and lower fat intake, were associated with greater adherence to CR. However, there was no significant correlation between macronutrient composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in the CR group. This study suggests that individual macronutrients have an interactive role in CR adherence, but further research is needed to understand the effect of different macronutrient compositions on adherence to CR and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thomas E. Bickett, Michael W. Knitz, Miles Piper, Ayman J. Oweida, Jacob Gadwa, Laurel B. Darragh, Diemmy Nguyen, Shilpa Bhatia, Shiv Bhuvane, Andy Phan, Benjamin Van Court, Sophia Corbo, Tiffany Pham, Alexander L. Dent, Laurel Lenz, Sana D. Karam
Summary: This study used a CRISPR knockout system to genetically delete STAT3 in HNSCC cancer cells. Two genetic knockout mouse models, FoxP3Cre/STAT3 fl and NKp46-Cre/STAT3 fl, were also utilized to target Tregs and NK cells, respectively. The results showed that the development of drug resistance in cancer cells was influenced by the recruitment of immune cells. Knockout of STAT3 in Tregs overcame this resistance and resulted in Treg reprogramming and recruitment and activation of antigen-presenting cells. In contrast, knockout of STAT3 in the NK cell compartment led to NK cell inactivation and acceleration of tumor growth.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiaoling Song, Zhenan Wu, Chenghao Jin, Zhichao Yu, Peng Xu, Zhouting Jiang
Summary: The effect of the ratio and consecutive number of hydrophobic residues on the structure of protein chains was investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results showed that proteins with higher ratios or larger numbers of consecutive hydrophobic residues exhibit more oriented and compact structures at low temperatures, leading to the formation of specific ordered structures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Alexandre A. Germanos, Sonali Arora, Ye Zheng, Erica T. Goddard, Ilsa M. Coleman, Anson T. Ku, Scott Wilkinson, Hanbing Song, Nicholas J. Brady, Robert A. Amezquita, Michael Zager, Annalysa Long, Yu Chi Yang, Jason H. Bielas, Raphael Gottardo, David S. Rickman, Franklin W. Huang, Cyrus M. Ghajar, Peter S. Nelson, Adam G. Sowalsky, Manu Setty, Andrew C. Hsieh
Summary: In this study, we found that the expansion of castration-resistant intermediate luminal cells is associated with treatment resistance and poor prognosis in prostate cancer. The transformed epithelial cells and associated fibroblasts create a microenvironment that promotes pro-tumorigenic immune infiltration, which is influenced by androgen levels. Androgen-independent prostate cancer leads to significant diversification of intermediate luminal cell populations with varying androgen signaling activities, which are inversely correlated with proliferation and mRNA translation. The findings suggest that targeting translation inhibition could potentially lead to epithelial cell death, loss of pro-tumorigenic signaling, and decreased tumor heterogeneity.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Tapio Nevalainen, Arttu Autio, Maija Puhka, Marja Jylha, Mikko Hurme
Summary: Plasma contains various bioactive molecules in extracellular vesicles, including RNA, DNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, which are involved in cell-to-cell interactions. Research showed that a large proportion of plasma transcripts do not come from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), indicating contributions from other cell types. Aging leads to significant changes in plasma RNA composition, impacting important biological processes.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)