Review
Hematology
Elisa Rossi, Carmelo Bernabeu
Summary: This study suggests that membrane-bound endoglin and circulating endoglin play important roles in vascular homeostasis and hemostasis.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed F. Gholam, Niharika Bala, Yunus E. Dogan, Abdel A. Alli
Summary: The expression of the MARCKS family of proteins in the kidneys is important for regulating the renal epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and blood pressure. MARCKS function is controlled by post-translational modifications such as myristoylation, phosphorylation, and proteolysis. Proteases that cleave ENaC and MARCKS have been implicated in hypertension. This study investigated MARCKS protein expression and proteolysis, PKC isoform expression, and protease expression and activity in diabetic db/db mouse kidneys. The results suggest that increased proteolysis of renal MARCKS, upregulation of the cathepsin proteolytic pathway, and increased PKC expression may contribute to the development of high blood pressure in diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sreyashi Samaddar, Sudarshana Purkayastha, Souleymane Diallo, Subramanyam J. Tantry, Ryan Schroder, Pranavan Chanthrakumar, Michael J. Flory, Probal Banerjee
Summary: The neurotransmitter serotonin and its receptor 5-HT1A play a crucial role in mood disorders and brain development. Stimulation of 5-HT1A receptor leads to increased neuroblast proliferation through the PKCε and ERK1/2 signaling pathway, ultimately resulting in the development of mature neurons in the hippocampus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Saiz-Baggetto, Laura Dolz-Edo, Ester Mendez, Pau Garcia-Bolufer, Miquel Mari, M. Carmen Bano, Isabel Farinas, Jose Manuel Morante-Redolat, J. Carlos Igual, Inma Quilis
Summary: The protein kinase C (PKC) family plays important regulatory roles in various cellular processes. The study found that both Pkc1 and PKC delta are involved in the activation of the DNA integrity checkpoint, and PKC theta also has this capability to a lesser extent. The research supports the crucial role of PKC in the DNA integrity checkpoint pathway and highlights the advantages of combining different research models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Stephanie A. Renna, James Michael, Xianguo Kong, Lin Ma, Peisong Ma, Marvin T. Nieman, Leonard C. Edelstein, Steven E. McKenzie
Summary: The study found functional differences between human and mouse PAR4, including responsiveness and signaling pathways, highlighting the importance of considering these differences when interpreting mouse PAR4 studies.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kerilyn Casey Omuro, Christina M. Gallo, Lauren Scrandis, Angela Ho, Uwe Beffert
Summary: Human APOER2 isoforms have differential cleavage events and synaptic properties.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing-dong Zhou, Yang-jing Zhao, Jia-yan Leng, Yu Gu, Zi-jun Xu, Ji-chun Ma, Xiang-mei Wen, Jiang Lin, Ting-juan Zhang, Jun Qian
Summary: This study reveals that the differential expression of DLX4 isoforms BP1 and DLX7, mediated by DNA methylation, plays opposite roles in leukemogenesis. BP1 functions as an oncogene in leukemia development, while DLX7 acts as a tumor suppressor gene.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Qixu Cai, Xiumin Chen, Shihan Zhu, Roger A. Nicoll, Mingjie Zhang
Summary: Calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is crucial for synaptic transmission and plasticity. The length of the unstructured linker between the kinase domain and the oligomerizing hub plays a crucial role in determining the ability of CaMKII to rescue defects in synaptic transmission and long-term potentiation. The phase separation capacity of CaMKII with GluN2B is critical for its cellular functions in the brain.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kinneret Rozales, Amal Younis, Naseeb Saida, Anatoly Meller, Hodaya Goldman, Lior Kellerman, Ronit Heinrich, Shai Berlin, Reut Shalgi
Summary: This study used quantitative screens in human cells to investigate the effects of naturally-occurring DNAJ chaperone isoforms on the pathological aggregation of Huntington's disease-associated HTT-polyQ and ALS-related mutant FUS. The results showed that the aggregation of HTT-polyQ induces a cellular proteotoxic stress response, while mutant FUS aggregation leads to deteriorated proteostasis. The study also revealed complex interactions between different DNAJ isoforms and different aggregate types.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Markus Waldeck-Weiermair, Shambhu Yadav, Jonas Kaynert, Venkata Revanth Thulabandu, Arvind K. Pandey, Fotios Spyropoulos, Taylor Covington, Apabrita Ayan Das, Christina Kruger, Thomas Michel
Summary: Statins have multiple protective effects on the cardiovascular system, including lowering cholesterol levels and antioxidant effects. Simvastatin, a statin drug, inhibits the production of oxidant H2O2 induced by histamine and vascular endothelial growth factor, and also regulates the localization of signaling protein Rac1.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Chunliang Liu, Fanbi Meng, Mengnan Yang, Kangxi Zhou, Renping Hu, Xuexiang Wang, Kesheng Dai
Summary: X-rays can induce immediate granular secretions in washed human platelets without affecting GP IIb/IIIa activation. Irradiated platelets show reduced platelet aggregation due to the release of granules. X-rays also induce mitochondrial transmembrane potential depolarization in a time-dependent manner, leading to apoptosis, and activate protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. The study provides insights into the molecular mechanism of X-rays on platelet function and introduces a PKC inhibitor, Go 6983, which can counteract X-ray-induced changes and maintain platelet integrity.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Malte Verheyen, Michelle Puschkarow, Stefanie Gnipp, Doris Koesling, Marcus Peters, Evanthia Mergia
Summary: In this study, we investigated the role of NO-GC isoforms in respiration by measuring lung function parameters of isoform-specific knockout mice. Our findings suggest that NO-GC1-derived cGMP plays a significant role in regulating airway tone, while NO-GC2 affects tissue elasticity and airway reactivity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kumar Reddy Kakularam, Felix Karst, Aparoy Polamarasetty, Igor Ivanov, Dagmar Heydeck, Hartmut Kuhn
Summary: This study evaluated the specificity of 13 commonly used ALOX inhibitors against human and mouse ALOX isoforms, finding that most inhibitors did not show strict paralog specificity but exhibited interesting ortholog specificity. Care must be taken when interpreting the biological effects of these inhibitors in complex in vitro and in vivo systems due to the variable isoform specificities of the inhibitors.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Han, Pengxuan Ren, Medina Mamtimin, Linus Kruk, Edita Sarukhanyan, Chenyu Li, Hans-Joachim Anders, Thomas Dandekar, Irena Krueger, Margitta Elvers, Silvia Goebel, Kristin Adler, Goetz Muench, Thomas Gudermann, Attila Braun, Elmina Mammadova-Bach
Summary: This study analyzed the collagen- and CRP-binding surfaces of GPVI monomers and dimers using computational modeling and bioinformatics, and compared them with other mammalian GPVI isoforms. Experimental results show that the EA-20 antibody inhibits platelet adhesion and aggregation in response to collagen and CRP, but not to fibrin, and prevents thrombus formation in whole blood. Therefore, the blockade of this minimal collagen-binding epitope of GPVI with the EA-20 antibody could represent a new anti-thrombotic approach.
Article
Immunology
Dapei Li, Lifen Xie, Zigang Qiao, Jingfei Zhu, Haiping Yao, Yanghua Qin, Yongdong Yan, Zhengrong Chen, Feng Ma
Summary: Different isoforms of IFI16 play distinct roles in recognizing viral DNA and activating type I interferon-dependent antiviral immunity. IFI16-iso1 preferentially colocalizes with cytoplasmic HSV60mer and cytoplasm-replicating vaccinia virus (VACV), while IFI16-iso2 mainly colocalizes with nuclear HSV60-DNLS and nucleus-replicating HSV-1. IFI16-iso1 induces more IFN-beta and IFN-stimulated genes upon HSV60mer transfection or VACV infection compared to IFI16-iso2.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arwel T. Poacher, Hannah C. Hoskins, Majd B. Protty, Rebecca Pettit, Antony Johansen
Summary: This study aimed to examine the impact of using anticoagulants instead of aspirin for thromboprophylaxis after hip fracture on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The study found that the rate of clinical DVT was halved following the change to low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) for pharmacological thromboprophylaxis.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Alexandra Mazharian, Blandine Maitre, Alicia Bornert, Desline Hennequin, Marc Lourenco-Rodrigues, Mitchell J. Geer, Christopher W. Smith, Silke Heising, Michaela Walter, Florian Montel, Lucy S. K. Walker, Henri de la Salle, Steve P. Watson, Christian Gachet, Yotis A. Senis
Summary: Mice lacking the G6b-B receptor exhibit a range of platelet abnormalities, including macrothrombocytopenia and reduced collagen receptor expression. Treatment with romiplostim, a thrombopoietin mimetic, showed promising results in rescuing platelet counts and function in G6b KO mice. However, inhibitors targeting Syk and Src kinases had limited effects on platelet abnormalities. These findings suggest that romiplostim may be a potential therapeutic option for patients lacking functional G6b-B.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tim Kinnaird, Sean Gallagher, Vasim Farooq, Majd Protty, Liam Back, Peadar Devlin, Richard Anderson, Andrew Sharp, Peter Ludman, Samuel Copt, Mamas A. Mamas, Nick Curzen
Summary: Despite increasing patient and procedural complexity, in-hospital patient outcomes have improved after unprotected left main stem percutaneous intervention over time.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Philippe Billiald, Alexandre Slater, Martin Welin, Joanne C. Clark, Stephane Loyau, Martine Pugniere, Isabella G. Jiacomini, Nadia Rose, Kristell Lebozec, Elie Toledano, Deborah Francois, Steve P. Watson, Martine Jandrot-Perrus
Summary: This study shows that glenzocimab, a humanized antibody fragment, blocks the binding of GPVI to vascular collagen and fibrin through steric hindrance and structural change. This finding is significant for the development of new antiplatelet molecules with a low bleeding risk.
Article
Hematology
Asim Cengiz Akbulut, Ryanne A. Arisz, Constance C. F. M. J. Baaten, Gaukhar Baidildinova, Aarazo Barakzie, Rupert Bauersachs, Jur Ten Berg, Wout W. A. van den Broek, H. C. de Boer, Amandine Bonifay, Vanessa Broker, Richard J. Buka, Hugo ten Cate, Arina J. ten Cate-Hoek, S. Cointe, Ciro De Luca, Ilaria De Simone, Rocio Vacik Diaz, Francoise Dignat-George, Kathleen Freson, Giulia Gazzaniga, Eric C. M. van Gorp, Anxhela Habibi, Yvonne M. C. Henskens, Aaron F. J. Iding, Abdullah Khan, Gijsje H. Koenderink, Akhil Konkoth, Romaric Lacroix, Trisha Lahiri, Wilbur Lam, Rachel E. Lamerton, Roberto Lorusso, Qi Luo, Coen Maas, Owen J. T. McCarty, Paola E. J. van der Meijden, Joost C. M. Meijers, Adarsh K. Mohapatra, Neta Nevo, Alejandro Pallares Robles, Philippe Poncelet, Christoph Reinhardt, Wolfram Ruf, Ronald Saraswat, Claudia Schonichen, Roger Schutgens, Paolo Simioni, Stefano Spada, Henri M. H. Spronk, Karlygash Tazhibayeva, Jecko Thachil, Rocio Vacik Diaz, L. Vallier, Alicia Veninga, Peter Verhamme, Chantal Visser, Steve P. Watson, Philip Wenzel, Ruth A. L. Willems, Anne Willers, Pengyu Zhang, Konstantinos Zifkos, Anton Jan van Zonneveld
Summary: The Fourth Maastricht Consensus Conference on Thrombosis covered a wide range of topics, including the role of coagulation proteins in cardiovascular disease, novel mechanisms of thrombosis, strategies to limit bleeding risks, hemostasis in extracorporeal systems, and clinical dilemmas in thrombosis and antithrombotic management. The conference also revisited the coagulopathy associated with COVID-19.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Letter
Hematology
Helena C. Brown, Sarah Beck, Stefano Navarro, Ying Di, Eva M. Soriano Jerez, Jana Kaczmarzyk, Steven G. Thomas, Valbona Mirakaj, Steve P. Watson, Bernhard Nieswandt, David Stegner
Article
Biology
Joanne C. Clark, Eleyna M. Martin, Luis A. Moran, Ying Di, Xueqing Wang, Malou Zuidscherwoude, Helena C. Brown, Deirdre M. Kavanagh, Johan Hummert, Johannes A. Eble, Bernhard Nieswandt, David Stegner, Alice Y. Pollitt, Dirk-Peter Herten, Michael G. Tomlinson, Angel Garcia, Steve P. Watson
Summary: Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy was used to investigate the clustering of CLEC-2 induced by crosslinked nanobody ligands. The results showed that the valency of the ligands and the expression levels of CLEC-2 were important factors in determining the activation of CLEC-2. Divalent ligands were found to be partial agonists while tetravalent ligands stimulated platelet aggregation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Majd B. Protty, Tharindra Dissanayake, Daniel Jeffery, Ahmed Hailan, Anirban Choudhury
Summary: This article introduces the complications of stent failure in percutaneous coronary intervention, focusing on its definition, pathophysiology, and risk factors. Despite advances in stent technology and medical therapy, the incidence of stent restenosis remains around 10%.
EXPERT REVIEW OF CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Claudia Schoenichen, Samantha J. Montague, Sanne L. N. Brouns, James J. Burston, Judith M. E. M. Cosemans, Kerstin Jurk, Beate E. Kehrel, Rory R. Koenen, Fionnuala Ni Ainle, Valerie B. O'Donnell, Oliver Soehnlein, Steve P. Watson, Marijke J. E. Kuijpers, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Magdolna Nagy
Summary: This study reveals the key interaction mechanisms between platelets and neutrophils in arterial thrombus formation. Activated platelet integrin αIIbβ3 plays a role in preventing leukocyte adhesion, while platelet-released substances promote neutrophil activation. These findings provide insights for potential pharmacological intervention.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Joanne C. Clark, Steve P. Watson, Dylan M. Owen
Summary: This article discusses how a combination of agent-based modelling, advanced microscopy, and structural studies can provide new insights into the regulation of clustering, including spatial considerations, and reveal novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
TRENDS IN PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Majd B. Protty, Tom Valenzuela, Ahmed Sharaf, Joy Shome, Saad Hasan, Alexander Chase, Zia UlHaq, Adrian Ionescu, Ayush Khurana, Geraint Jenkins, Daniel R. Obaid, Anirban Choudhury, Ahmed Hailan
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors associated with 1- and 12-month mortality after bifurcation-PCI in a tertiary center in Wales, UK, between 2017 and 2021. Of 732 cases, age, diabetes, smoking, and renal failure were found to be associated with mortality. The choice between provisional and 2-stent strategies did not impact mortality/TLR. The findings highlight the importance of using real-world outcomes for appropriate patient selection and technique planning.
Article
Hematology
Foteini-Nafsika Damaskinaki, Natalie J. Jooss, Eleyna M. Martin, Joanne C. Clark, Mark R. Thomas, Natalie S. Poulter, Jonas Emsley, Barrie Kellam, Steve P. Watson, Alexandre Slater
Summary: This study investigates the binding sites of three high-affinity nanobodies, Nb2, Nb21, and Nb35, on the platelet-signaling receptor GPVI. The researchers found that all three nanobodies can bind to the D1 domain of GPVI and inhibit collagen-induced GPVI signaling. They also identified common target residues, Arg46, Tyr47, and Ala57, on GPVI for these nanobodies. Additionally, the study negates the idea that GPVI dimerization induces a conformational change required for ligand binding.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Julia S. Gauer, Cedric Duval, Rui-Gang Xu, Fraser L. Macrae, Helen R. McPherson, Christian Tiede, Darren Tomlinson, Steve P. Watson, Robert A. S. Ariens
Summary: The interaction between GPVI and fibrin significantly affects the formation of procoagulant platelets and the structure of blood clots. Inhibition of GPVI signaling increases clot porosity and impairs clot contractibility to varying degrees.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Caroline Kardeby, Alice Evans, Joana Campos, Afraa Moosa Al-Wahaibi, Christopher W. Smith, Alexandre Slater, Eleyna M. Martin, Sonia Severin, Alexander Brill, Gunnar Pejler, Yi Sun, Steve P. Watson
Summary: English Summary: The study identified PEAR1 as a receptor for heparin and HPGM, and PI3K(3 as a key signaling molecule downstream of PEAR1 in platelets. These findings may provide important insights into the role of PEAR1 in cardiovascular disease.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Fawaz O. Alenazy, Maan H. Harbi, Dean P. Kavanagh, Joshua Price, Paul Brady, Oscar Hargreaves, Paul Harrison, Alexandre Slater, Alok Tiwari, Phillip L. R. Nicolson, Derek L. Connolly, Paulus Kirchhof, Neena Kalia, Martine Jandrot-Perrus, Pierre H. Mangin, Steve P. Watson, Mark R. Thomas
Summary: This study investigated the additional antithrombotic effects of combining glenzocimab, a GPVI inhibitor, with aspirin and ticagrelor. The results showed that glenzocimab enhanced platelet inhibition and reduced atherosclerotic plaque-induced platelet aggregation, adhesion, and activation. Compared to a GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor, glenzocimab exhibited similar antithrombotic effects but with less inhibition of general hemostasis.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)