Review
Plant Sciences
Ilya E. Zlobin
Summary: Regulation of plant Zn homeostasis is mainly accomplished at the transcriptional level, with local regulation based on transcription factors bZIP19 and bZIP23 sensing changes in cellular Zn concentrations. Other unidentified mechanisms for sensing cellular Zn concentrations likely exist, along with a shoot-derived systemic Zn deficiency signal and regulation of mRNA degradation of Zn homeostasis genes by changes in cellular Zn status.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Xiaolin Ma, Liqing Feng, Anyan Tao, Tinashe Zenda, Yuan He, Daxiao Zhang, Huijun Duan, Yongsheng Tao
Summary: In this study, GWAS and WGCNA were used to identify QTLs and candidate genes associated with pre-harvest sprouting and seed dormancy in maize. Differential gene expression analysis and functional analysis were also conducted to further understand the genetic and regulatory mechanisms. The findings provide important insights for genetic improvement and trait mining in maize.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Helen Hertenstein, Ellen McMullen, Astrid Weiler, Anne Volkenhoff, Holger M. Becker, Stefanie Schirmeier
Summary: During hunger or malnutrition, animals prioritize ensuring the supply of nutrients to the brain for survival, a mechanism known as brain sparing. Research in Drosophila has shown that the expression of carbohydrate transporter proteins increases during starvation to facilitate efficient carbohydrate uptake, regulated by Rab-dependent intracellular shuttling and TGF-beta signaling. This study reveals an evolutionarily conserved regulatory paradigm for sugar transporter expression at the blood-brain barrier.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy M. Tsou, Hiroshi Yano, Christopher N. Parkhurst, Tanel Mahlakoiv, Coco Chu, Wen Zhang, Zhengxiang He, Katja J. Jarick, Connie Zhong, Gregory G. Putzel, Mai Hatazaki, Ivo C. Lorenz, David Andrew, Paul Balderes, Christoph S. N. Klose, Sergio A. Lira, David Artis
Summary: Emerging studies have found that cooperation between neurons and immune cells plays a crucial role in regulating antimicrobial immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis. Specifically, neuropeptide-mediated regulation of non-redundant functions of innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) has been identified as an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that integrates immunity and tissue protection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parastoo Karimi, Mohammad Reza Bakhtiarizadeh, Abdolreza Salehi, Hamid Reza Izadnia
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptome characteristics of liver tissue in commercial and native chicken breeds with different feed efficiency. A large number of lncRNAs and target genes were identified and their functions were annotated. It was found that these lncRNAs might affect the differences in feed efficiency of chicken by modulating genes associated with lipid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, growth, etc.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Zhi Liang, Yulian Chen, Tanwei Gu, Jianglian She, Fahong Dai, Huanguo Jiang, Zhikun Zhan, Kunlong Li, Yonghong Liu, Xuefeng Zhou, Lan Tang
Summary: The marine-derived compounds PA and GPA have been identified as potential drugs for renal cell carcinoma (RCC), but they exhibit hepatotoxicity in mice. This toxicity is related to cholesterol disposition and can be aggravated in high-cholesterol diet-fed mice. The study suggests that future research on anti-RCC drugs should focus on reducing transformation of glycosides into PA and targeting kidney tumors to minimize liver toxicity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rodrigo I. Albornoz, Katherine M. Kennedy, Barry J. Bradford
Summary: Conceptual models describe the constraints to feed intake of animals, including gut capacity and metabolic demand. Research has focused on mechanisms for sensing nutrient availability and providing feedback to hypothalamic centers. The hepatic oxidation theory suggests that liver energy charge is the regulated variable that affects dietary intake changes and whole-body energy balance.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ceyhun Bereketoglu, Isabel Haggblom, Beste Turanli, Ajay Pradhan
Summary: In this study, the comparative toxicity of DINP and DINCH on 3T3-L1 cells was evaluated. Both plasticizers were found to induce adipogenesis and alter the expression of lipid-related genes. Furthermore, DINP may be more effective in regulating lipid metabolism.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Luc Ouellette, Pham Anh Tuan, Parneet K. Toora, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Belay T. Ayele
Summary: This study identified three new GA2ox genes in barley, HvGA2ox1, HvGA2ox3 and HvGA2ox6, which can regulate the levels of gibberellins and affect the growth and development of plants. Furthermore, salinity stress upregulates the expression of these genes in seedling tissues.
Review
Cell Biology
Amelie Vergnol, Massire Traore, France Pietri-Rouxel, Sestina Falcone
Summary: Voltage-gated calcium channels play crucial roles in regulating intracellular calcium levels and influencing various physiological processes in cells. The auxiliary CaV beta subunits, particularly their involvement in modulating Ca2+ signaling and gene expression, have been highlighted in recent research findings.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ravichandran Rakesh, Loganathan Chandramani PriyaDharshini, Kunnathur Murugesan Sakthivel, Rajan Radha Rasmi
Summary: Autophagy is a significant mechanism related to cellular stress, metabolism, and cancer, but its role in cancer is still not well understood. Autophagy involves modifications of various proteins and pathways and is influenced by the interaction between tumor cells and their microenvironment.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
J. Li, M. L. Li, T. T. Zhu, X. N. Zhang, M. F. Li, J. H. Wei
Summary: The root of Angelica sinensis is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine, but early bolting and flowering can reduce root yield and quality. This study identified multiple genes controlling the early bolting and flowering process, with 38 differentially expressed genes related to flowering pathways. The integrated analysis of transcriptomics, hormones, and soluble sugars provides new insights into the regulation of Angelica sinensis early bolting and flowering.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bernhard Dumoulin, Christoph Ufer, Hartmut Kuhn, Sajad Sofi
Summary: GRSF1, a widely distributed RNA-binding protein in eukaryotic cells, is involved in various physiological processes and the pathogenesis of diseases.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Shanshan Wang, Yijun Wang
Summary: Harnessing hormone GA knowledge can potentially develop ideal plant height to meet future demand. This article provides an overview of characterized GA pathway genes for plant height regulation, with special focus on the novel alleles of Green Revolution genes sd1 and Rht. Through interactome analysis, GA20ox and GA3ox family members are identified as central hub modulators of GA pathway. The utility of genome editing to generate weak alleles to avoid side effects of GA pathway perturbation is highlighted.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae-Ryoung Park, Yoon-Hee Jang, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Sang-Sun Hur, Kyung-Min Kim, Deyong Ren
Summary: In this study, QTLs and candidate genes related to rice plant height regulation were identified, which can provide information and foundation for marker-assisted selection and breeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ondrej Hodek, Lidia Argemi-Muntadas, Adnan Khan, Thomas Moritz
Summary: In this study, a method for fast separation and sensitive detection of carboxylic acids using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed and optimized. This method was successful in quantifying carboxylic acids in murine brown preadipocytes, human plasma, and Arabidopsis thaliana leaves without the need for prior derivatization or addition of ion-pair reagents. Moreover, the method enabled untargeted screening of medium- to long-chain fatty acids in these samples.
ANALYTICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesco Marabita, Tojo James, Anu Karhu, Heidi Virtanen, Kaisa Kettunen, Hans Stenlund, Fredrik Boulund, Cecilia Hellstrom, Maja Neiman, Robert Mills, Teemu Perheentupa, Hannele Laivuori, Pyry Helkkula, Myles Byrne, Ilkka Jokinen, Harri Honko, Antti Kallonen, Miikka Ermes, Heidi Simila, Mikko Lindholm, Elisabeth Widen, Samuli Ripatti, Maritta Perala-Heape, Lars Engstrand, Peter Nilsson, Thomas Moritz, Timo Miettinen, Riitta Sallinen, Olli Kallioniemi
Summary: This study explored personalized and predictive health care by collecting various biological data. The results demonstrated distinct molecular factors associated with obesity, diabetes, liver function, cardiovascular disease, etc.
Article
Horticulture
Pilar Gago, Susana Boso, Jose Luis Santiago, Jaume-Xavier Soler, Rosa Peiro, Julio Garcia, Carles Jimenez, Carmina Gisbert, Maria Del Carmen Martinez
Summary: Grapevine cultivation has a long history in the Mediterranean basin. The Spanish Levant region is known for its diverse grapevine varieties, including ancient ones used for wine, table grapes, and raisins. This study presents ampelographic descriptions of seven genotypes and discusses their names, as well as issues of synonymy and homonymy. The findings contribute to the understanding of Europe's grapevine diversity and emphasize the need for conservation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRUIT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wei Wang, Sonja Viljamaa, Ondrej Hodek, Thomas Moritz, Totte Niittyla
Summary: The role of SUS in cellulose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis has been refuted, as alternative UDP-glucose biosynthesis pathways were found to be employed.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lewin Small, Amy Ehrlich, Jo Iversen, Stephen P. Ashcroft, Kajetan Trost, Thomas Moritz, Bolette Hartmann, Jens J. Holst, Jonas T. Treebak, Juleen R. Zierath, Romain Barres
Summary: The study compares the effect of different routes of glucose administration (oral and intraperitoneal) on glucose and insulin kinetics during a glucose tolerance test in mice. The results show that intraperitoneal glucose administration resulted in significantly elevated blood glucose levels, but had a lesser effect on insulin and incretin hormone levels compared to oral administration.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Daniela Liebsch, Marta Juvany, Zhonghai Li, Hou-Ling Wang, Agnieszka Ziolkowska, Daria Chrobok, Clement Boussardon, Xing Wen, Simon R. Law, Helena Janeckova, Bastiaan Brouwer, Pernilla Linden, Nicolas Delhomme, Hans Stenlund, Thomas Moritz, Per Gardestrom, Hongwei Guo, Olivier Keech
Summary: Arginine and ornithine can affect the progression of leaf senescence and delay the aging process. They can delay leaf senescence by fueling the Krebs cycle or the production of polyamines. The conversion of putrescine to spermidine is controlled in an age-dependent manner and spermidine represses senescence by interfering with ethylene signaling.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Elin Linden, Mariska te Beest, Ilka Aubreu, Thomas Moritz, Maja K. Sundqvist, Isabel C. Barrio, Julia Boike, John P. Bryant, Kari Anne Brathen, Agata Buchwal, C. Guillermo Bueno, Alain Currier, Dagmar D. Egelkraut, Bruce C. Forbes, Martin Hallinger, Monique Heijmans, Luise Hermanutz, David S. Hik, Annika Hofgaard, Milena Holmgren, Diane C. Huebner, Toke T. Hoye, Ingibjorg S. Jonsdottir, Elina Kaarlejarvi, Emilie Kissler, Timo Kumpula, Juul Limpens, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Signe Normand, Eric Post, Adrian Rocha, Niels Martin Schmidt, Anna Skarin, Eeva M. Soininen, Aleksandr Sokolov, Natalia Sokolova, James D. M. Speed, Lorna Street, Nikita Tananaev, Jean-Pierre Tremblay, Christine Urbanowicz, David A. Watts, Heike Zimmermann, Johan Olofsson
Summary: Spatial variation in plant chemical defence can help understand herbivore top-down control and shrub responses to global warming. This study measured defense compounds and leaf digestibility in shrub birches across the Arctic and found biogeographical patterns in defense composition and resin gland density. The results indicate a trade-off between triterpene- or tannin-dominated defenses and highlight the importance of previously neglected tannins in anti-herbivore defense.
Article
Agronomy
Carmina Gisbert, Jaume X. Soler, Mariano Fos, Diego S. Intrigliolo, Alberto Yuste, Belen Pico, Daniel Torrent, Rosa Peiro
Summary: This research compared minor grapevine varieties Arcos and Forcallat with traditional Mediterranean cultivars Bobal, Garnacha, and Monastrell. Arcos and Forcallat showed characteristics adapted to water scarcity, indicating their potential for climate change adaptation. Additionally, analysis of the synonymy between Veremeta and Monastrell revealed phenotypic differences between the two varieties.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jonas Brorson Jensen, Ole L. Dollerup, Andreas B. Moller, Tine B. Billeskov, Emilie Dalbram, Sabina Chubanava, Mads V. Damgaard, Ryan W. Dellinger, Kajetan Trost, Thomas Moritz, Steffen Ringgaard, Niels Moller, Jonas T. Treebak, Jean Farup, Niels Jessen
Summary: The supplementation of nicotinamide riboside and pterostilbene did not improve muscle regeneration and recovery in elderly individuals after muscle injury, indicating limited potential benefits in this population.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marta Derba-Maceluch, Madhusree Mitra, Mattias Hedenstrom, Xiaokun Liu, Madhavi L. Gandla, Felix R. Barbut, Ilka N. Abreu, Evgeniy N. Donev, Janos Urbancsok, Thomas Moritz, Leif J. Jonsson, Adrian Tsang, Justin Powlowski, Emma R. Master, Ewa J. Mellerowicz
Summary: Wood is a crucial carbon reservoir in the biosphere, composed of large polymers and soluble extractives. Molecular interactions within wood are not fully understood. By expressing a fungal alpha-glucuronidase in the wood cell wall, the role of 4-O-methyl glucuronopyranose acid (mGlcA) in wood composition was investigated. The results challenge previous understanding of wood cell wall composition and reveal a novel function of mGlcA in binding suberin-like compounds to the cell wall.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luis Rodrigo Cataldo, Qian Gao, Lidia Argemi-Muntadas, Ondrej Hodek, Elaine Cowan, Sergey Hladkou, Sevda Gheibi, Peter Spegel, Rashmi B. Prasad, Lena Eliasson, Camilla Scheele, Malin Fex, Hindrik Mulder, Thomas Moritz
Summary: EPDR1 is upregulated in pancreatic islets of type 2 diabetes and obese donors and is positively correlated with body mass index. In type 2 diabetes donors, EPDR1 mRNA levels are negatively correlated with HbA1c and positively correlated with glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Silencing of EPDR1 reduces GSIS, while treatment with EPDR1 protein increases GSIS. Deficiency of EPDR1 impairs mitochondrial metabolism and disrupts insulin secretion.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gregoire Le Provost, Celine Lalanne, Isabelle Lesur, Jean-Marc Louvet, Sylvain Delzon, Antoine Kremer, Karine Labadie, Jean-Marc Aury, Corinne Da Silva, Thomas Moritz, Christophe Plomion
Summary: This study investigates the gene expression network underlying dormancy regulation in natural populations of sessile oak along an elevation gradient in the Pyrenees Mountains. The results show that low- and high-altitude populations have evolved different molecular strategies to minimize frost damage and maximize growth period in response to temperature.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Signe Schultz Pedersen, Michala Prause, Christina Sorensen, Joachim Storling, Thomas Moritz, Eliana Marino, Nils Billestrup
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB)-supplemented diet on glucose metabolism and inflammation in diabetic db/db mice. The results showed that the HAMSB diet significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased insulin sensitivity in the mice. In addition, the HAMSB diet also reduced inflammation in the liver and adipose tissue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ondrej Hodek, John Henderson, Lidia Argemi-Muntadas, Adnan Khan, Thomas Moritz
Summary: By utilizing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we investigated the derivatives of 3-nitrophenylhydrazine and their fragmentation during collision-induced dissociation, and optimized the fragmentation conditions in multiple reaction monitoring to enhance the sensitivity for polycarboxylic acids. The developed method allowed for low detection limits and was validated in human plasma and mouse myotube cells.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Salwan Maqdasy, Simon Lecoutre, Gianluca Renzi, Scott Frendo-Cumbo, David Rizo-Roca, Thomas Moritz, Marta Juvany, Ondrej Hodek, Hui Gao, Morgane Couchet, Michael Witting, Alastair Kerr, Martin O. Bergo, Robin P. Choudhury, Myriam Aouadi, Juleen R. Zierath, Anna Krook, Niklas Mejhert, Mikael Ryden
Summary: This study reveals that an increased phosphocreatine/creatine ratio in white adipocytes contributes to AMP-activated protein kinase activity changes and promotes inflammation in obesity. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of white adipose tissue samples from clinical cohorts and in vitro and in vivo models show that decreased phosphocreatine metabolism alters AMP-activated protein kinase activity by affecting ATP/ADP levels in white adipocytes. This disturbance leads to a pro-inflammatory profile characterized by increased production of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms driving white adipose tissue inflammation in obesity.
