Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Amit Akirov, Hiba Masri-Iraqi, Idit Dotan, Ilan Shimon
Summary: The diagnosis, management, and treatment of acromegaly heavily rely on the levels of serum IGF-1, basal GH, and nadir GH following OGTT. However, these hormone concentrations can be influenced by various factors, leading to discordant levels that may require additional monitoring and data. New standards for GH and IGF-1 provide more accurate tools, but limitations should be considered along with clinical history and imaging studies when evaluating patients with acromegaly.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David R. Clemmons, Martin Bidlingmaier
Summary: Standard treatment for acromegaly focuses on achieving specific levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). However, the appropriateness of these targets is not well-defined. GH measurements indicate tumor size changes, while failure in GH suppression after glucose stimulation is associated with tumor recurrence. IGF-I levels are closely associated with symptom and sign changes. Lowering GH and IGF-I concentrations is linked to increased longevity, although only GH increase has been analyzed in detail. Lowering GH and IGF-I consistently leads to improved outcomes, but previous studies' reported absolute levels are now out-of-date.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tyler Cardinal, Casey Collet, Michelle Wedemeyer, Peter A. Singer, Martin Weiss, Gabriel Zada, John D. Carmichael
Summary: The study aimed to identify predictive factors for long-term remission of acromegaly after surgical resection of pituitary adenomas. Postoperative GH levels on day 1 and changes in IGF-1 levels postoperatively were found to be useful in predicting hormonal remission. The findings suggest that these factors can help guide clinical follow-up and the need for adjuvant therapy in acromegaly patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mirela-Diana Ilie, Antoine Tabarin, Alexandre Vasiljevic, Jean-Francois Bonneville, Lucile Moreau-Grange, Franck Schillo, Brigitte Delemer, Anne Barlier, Dominique Figarella-Branger, Segolene Bisot-Locard, Alexandre Santos, Philippe Chanson, Gerald Raverot
Summary: This study aimed to explore the factors related to SRLs in the treatment of acromegaly and confirmed that SST2A and adenoma granularity are good predictors of response to octreotide. In addition, the optimization of MRI sequences is important for using T2WSI as a predictor of treatment response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Fleseriu, Mark Molitch, Alexander Dreval, Yulia Pokramovich, Irina Bondar, Yury Poteshkin, Djuro Macut, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Yossi Gilgun-Sherki, Asi Haviv, Nienke Biermasz, Christian J. Strasburger
Summary: The study assessed the long-term efficacy and safety of oral octreotide capsules in patients with acromegaly. The results showed that the capsules were noninferior to injectable somatostatin receptor ligands, and transitioning from injectables to oral capsules improved symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabrina Chiloiro, Stefano Frara, Irene Gagliardi, Antonio Bianchi, Antonella Giampietro, Margherita Medici, Agnese Allora, Luigi di Filippo, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Maria Chiara Zatelli, Laura De Marinis, Andrea Giustina
Summary: Skeletal fragility is common in acromegaly patients and can lead to vertebral fractures. This study suggests that cholecalciferol supplementation may reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures in acromegaly.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peter Wolf, Khaoula Bouazizi, Nadjia Kachenoura, Celine Piedvache, Antonio Gallo, Sylvie Salenave, Luigi Maione, Jacques Young, Mikael Prigent, Anne-Lise Lecoq, Emmanuelle Kuhn, Helene Agostini, Severine Trabado, Alban Redheuil, Philippe Chanson, Peter Kamenicky
Summary: In this study, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was used to investigate the cardiac morphology and function of patients with active acromegaly. The study found that these patients had increased left ventricular mass and end-diastolic volume compared to controls. Treatment was able to reduce these measures without significantly affecting extracellular mass.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefano Frara, Meliha Melin Uygur, Luigi di Filippo, Mauro Doga, Marco Losa, Simona Santoro, Pietro Mortini, Andrea Giustina
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of morphometric vertebral fractures (VFs) in patients with recently diagnosed acromegaly. The results showed a higher prevalence of VFs in acromegaly patients compared to controls, and it was found to be associated with GH levels. Therefore, VF assessment should be included in the diagnosis of acromegaly.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anamil M. Khiyami, Tahereh Orouji Jokar, Hussein M. Abdallah, Paul A. Gardner, Georgios A. Zenonos, Aaron K. Styer, Pouneh K. Fazeli
Summary: This study found that the number of chromaffin cells in the white blood cells was significantly increased in patients with pheochromocytoma compared to normal individuals, which may be an important marker of this disease. In addition, the study also found that the number of chromaffin cells in the white blood cells was associated with the level of monoamine oxidase activity in the patients' blood.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Betina Biagetti, Pedro Iglesias, Rocio Villar-Taibo, Maria-Dolores Moure, Miguel Paja, Marta Araujo-Castro, Jessica Ares, Cristina Alvarez-Escola, Almudena Vicente, Elia Alvarez Guivernau, Iria Novoa-Testa, Fernando Guerrero Perez, Rosa Camara, Beatriz Lecumberri, Carlos Garcia Gomez, Ignacio Bernabeu, Laura Manjon, Sonia Gaztambide, Fernando Cordido, Susan M. Webb, Edelmiro Luis Menendez-Torre, Juan J. Diez, Rafael Simo, Manel Puig-Domingo
Summary: The study found that the most common phenotype in elderly patients newly diagnosed with acromegaly includes small adenomas and moderately high IGF-1 levels. GH <= 6 ng/ml at diagnosis and female gender, rather than age per se, were associated with a greater chance of response to SRL.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabrina Chiloiro, Antonio Bianchi, Antonella Giampietro, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Gerald Raverot, Laura De Marinis
Summary: This review provides an overview of the second-line therapies for acromegaly, summarizing the evidence on clinical, molecular, and morphological aspects that can predict the response to these treatments and advocating for a patient-tailored therapeutic approach in clinical practice.
BEST PRACTICE & RESEARCH CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Camilla M. Falch, Mai Christiansen Arlien-Soborg, Jakob Dal, Arvind Y. M. Sundaram, Annika E. Michelsen, Thor Ueland, Linn Guro Olsen, Ansgar Heck, Jens Bollerslev, Jens Otto L. Jorgensen, Nicoleta C. Olarescu
Summary: This study analyzed the gene expression landscape in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of patients with active acromegaly and found differential expression in pathways related to inflammation, cell adhesion and extracellular matrix, GH and insulin signaling, and fatty acid oxidation. After disease control, serum levels of HTRA1, METRNL, S100A8/A9, and PDGFD significantly increased, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) correlated with HTRA1 and S100A8/A9.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xia Zhang, Jin Ma, Lue Li, Linyang Gan, Huijing He, Enhua Shao, Xiaopeng Guo, Huijuan Zhu, Hui You, Yong Zhong, Bing Xing
Summary: This study compared the anterior segment biometrics obtained from anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) between treatment-naive acromegaly patients and normal controls. The results showed that acromegaly patients had a thicker iris, smaller iris curvature, lower lens vault, and wider anterior chamber angle than normal controls. Serum growth hormone (GH) was independently correlated with anterior chamber angle width, while serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was independently correlated with iris thickness, pupil diameter, and iris curvature.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Giustina, Luigi di Filippo, Melin M. Uygur, Stefano Frara
Summary: A personalized approach to acromegaly treatment, utilizing novel clinical and molecular biomarkers, has shown promising results in predicting responsiveness to second-line medical treatments. Integrating these findings into existing guidelines may significantly improve the management of difficult acromegaly patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sabrina Chiloiro, Antonella Giampietro, Irene Gagliardi, Marta Bondanelli, Valeria Epifani, Domenico Milardi, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio, Maria Chiara Zatelli, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Laura De Marinis, Antonio Bianchi
Summary: According to the study, elderly acromegaly patients are more prone to cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological/psychiatric, and joint/articular disorders, as well as nodular thyroid disease. They also have a higher risk of systemic arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and metabolic disorders.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Giuliana Corica, Marco Ceraudo, Claudia Campana, Federica Nista, Francesco Cocchiara, Mara Boschetti, Gianluigi Zona, Diego Criminelli, Diego Ferone, Federico Gatto
THERAPEUTICS AND CLINICAL RISK MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Claudia Campana, Giuliana Corica, Federica Nista, Francesco Cocchiara, Giulia Graziani, Keyvan Khorrami, Marta Franco, Mara Boschetti, Diego Ferone, Federico Gatto
EXPERT OPINION ON EMERGING DRUGS
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Claudia Campana, Francesco Cocchiara, Giuliana Corica, Federica Nista, Marica Arvigo, Jessica Amaru, Diego Criminelli Rossi, Gianluigi Zona, Diego Ferone, Federico Gatto
Summary: Discordance between GH and IGF-1 levels in acromegaly patients is influenced by GH cutoff values. The use of GH(m) can mitigate the impact of GH cutoffs and improve predictive accuracy. Fasting GH levels (both GH(f) and GH(m)) are poor predictors of IGF-1 normalization in this cohort.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manuela Albertelli, Andrea Dotto, Federica Nista, Alessandro Veresani, Luca Patti, Stefano Gay, Stefania Sciallero, Mara Boschetti, Diego Ferone
Summary: Despite the lack of robust evidence supporting the role of immunotherapy in the treatment of neuroendocrine neoplasms, future research should focus on strategies to make NETs more susceptible to response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The combination of conventional therapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy deserves attention, along with the exploration of biomarkers for patient selection in this type of treatment.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2021)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Federico Gatto, Keyvan Khorrami, Federica Nista, Giuliana Corica, Diego Ferone
ENDOCRINE PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Nista, M. Bagnasco, F. Gatto, M. Albertelli, L. Vera, M. Boschetti, N. Musso, D. Ferone
Summary: Sodium is essential for life, but excessive dietary intake can be detrimental to the cardiovascular system. Sodium restriction plays a crucial role in cardiovascular prevention. However, iodine deficiency remains a concern in both developing and industrialized countries, and it may affect dietary sodium reduction programs. The source of dietary iodine varies among countries, and there have been significant changes in iodine status in many countries in recent years. More research is needed to better understand the possible effects of sodium restriction on iodine status.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mirco Bartolomei, Alfredo Berruti, Massimo Falconi, Nicola Fazio, Diego Ferone, Secondo Lastoria, Giovanni Pappagallo, Ettore Seregni, Annibale Versari
Summary: International guidelines on the management of neuroendocrine neoplasms provide a solid foundation, but expert opinion remains important due to limited clinical evidence and the diverse nature of NENs. A group of experts formulated 14 statements addressing controversial issues in diagnosis and treatment, covering a wide range of topics from initial prognosis to personalized therapeutic approaches.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elisa Marabotto, Diego Ferone, Afscin Djahandideh Sheijani, Lara Vera, Sebastiano Ziola, Edoardo Savarino, Giorgia Bodini, Manuele Furnari, Patrizia Zentilin, Vincenzo Savarino, Massimo Giusti, Fabiola Andrea Navarro Rojas, Marcello Bagnasco, Manuela Albertelli, Edoardo G. Giannini
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of lactose intolerance (LI) in women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and its impact on LT4 replacement dose. The results showed that LI does not seem to be a major cause of LT4 malabsorption and does not affect the required LT4 dose in HT patients, when other gastrointestinal disorders are absent.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Cannavo, M. Cappa, D. Ferone, A. M. Isidori, S. Loche, M. Salerno, M. Maghnie
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Federico Gatto, Luiz Eduardo Wildemberg, Diego Ferone, Monica R. Gadelha
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elena Nazzari, Andrea Casabella, Sabrina Paolino, Claudia Campana, Giuliana Corica, Federica Nista, Angelo Milioto, Alberto Tagliafico, Manuela Albertelli, Mara Boschetti, Marcello Bagnasco, Maurizio Cutolo, Diego Ferone, Federico Gatto
Summary: This study found that acromegalic patients have significantly lower trabecular bone scores (TBS) compared to healthy controls, indicating impaired lumbar spine microarchitecture. Uncontrolled disease and hypogonadism contribute to the deterioration of TBS in acromegaly.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Federico Gatto, Richard A. Feelders, Peter M. van Koetsveld, Fadime Dogan, Sebastian J. C. M. M. Neggers, Aart-Jan van der Lelij, Jessica Amaru, Diego Ferone, Leo J. Hofland
Summary: Cabergoline (CAB) is an off-label medical therapy for acromegaly, but it is overshadowed by first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands like octreotide (OCT). In this study, OCT was found to be slightly more effective than CAB in inhibiting growth hormone (GH) secretion in vitro. Additionally, the response to CAB treatment was shown to be better in GH/prolactin (PRL) co-secreting tumors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marta Franco, Keyvan Khorrami Chokami, Manuela Albertelli, Claudia Teti, Francesco Cocchiara, Federico Gatto, Carlo Trombetta, Diego Ferone, Mara Boschetti
Summary: This article reports a case study of a young man affected by vanishing testis syndrome (VTS) who had been followed up in our center for over 15 years. The patient received different testosterone formulations that adjusted his IGF-1 levels and growth velocity, mimicking the pubertal spurt and achieving a final height in line with his genetic target. Accurate monitoring of VTS patients and a precise reproduction of testosterone secretion during the pubertal spurt can ensure normal growth and development, leading to a high quality of life in adulthood.
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marsida Teliti, Eleonora Monti, Martina Comina, Lucia Conte, Lara Vera, Stefano Gay, Giorgia Saccomani, Diego Ferone, Massimo Giusti
Summary: The study found that abnormal sleep components and insomnia were similar in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) and those undergoing surgery for benign pathology. The ThyPRO questionnaire closely reflected sleep disturbances in all subjects, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and treating sleep disturbances to improve quality of life.