Review
Physiology
Jessica C. Pressey, Miranda de Saint-Rome, Vineeth A. Raveendran, Melanie A. Woodin
Summary: Synaptic inhibition plays a crucial role in regulating neuronal excitability, which depends on the neurotransmitters GABA and glycine and their effects on the Cl- gradient. CCCs, specifically NKCC1 and KCC2, regulate the Cl- gradient in neurons and play a critical role in healthy brain function. Understanding the mechanisms of CCC regulation and their impact on inhibitory synaptic plasticity can provide insights into neurological disorders. Techniques for estimating and recording intracellular Cl- can be useful for researchers interested in studying CCCs and neuronal excitability. Additionally, nonneuronal cells regulate neuronal excitability by modulating Cl- levels, and CCC-mediated alterations in neuronal excitability are implicated in neurological disorders.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Moussa Nawell Ould, Tigran Mansuryan, Hage Charles-Henri, Marc Fabert, Katarzyna Krupa, Alessandro Tonello, Mario Ferraro, Luca Leggio, Mario Zitelli, Fabio Mangini, Alioune Niang, Guy Millot, Massimiliano Papi, Stefan Wabnitz, Vincent Couderc
Summary: Beam self-cleaning in graded-index multimode fibers has shown to improve nonlinear fluorescence imaging by enhancing beam brightness, enabling higher spatial resolution, and increasing the efficiency of nonlinear imaging. The associated spatiotemporal reshaping also allows for supercontinuum generation for large-band NF imaging. Experimental demonstrations have validated these findings in both microscopy and endoscopy configurations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandra Sperandeo, Claudia Tamburini, Zoe Noakes, Daniel Cabezas de la Fuente, Francesca Keefe, Olena Petter, William Plumbly, Nicholas E. Clifton, Meng Li, Kathryn J. Peall
Summary: The study reveals that SGCE mutations lead to hyperexcitability in cortical stem cells, both at the network and single cell level. This is accompanied by longer and more complex neurite morphology, as well as disruption of synaptic adhesion molecules. The findings shed light on the pathogenesis of myoclonus dystonia and provide potential therapeutic targets.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Valada, Sofia Alcada-Morais, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Joao Pedro Lopes
Summary: Theobromine, a metabolite of caffeine, affects synaptic transmission and plasticity by antagonizing adenosine receptors, resulting in improved cognitive function and neuroprotection against disease-related conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Pingyang Ke, Juan Gu, Jing Liu, Yan Liu, Xin Tian, Yuanlin Ma, Yuan Meng, Fei Xiao
Summary: Epilepsy, affecting over 65 million people, is a common neurological disorder with unknown mechanisms. Abnormal synaptic transmission plays a crucial role in its occurrence and development. Syntabulin, a neuronal transporter, is found to be increased in epileptic tissues, and its knockdown increases susceptibility and severity of epilepsy, while overexpression has the opposite effect. Syntabulin mainly translocates STX1B to the presynaptic membrane in epileptic brain tissue, resulting in increased presynaptic transmitter release. It plays a significant role in the E/I balance of GABAergic activity and regulates the epileptic phenotype.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hana Yeh, Maya E. Woodbury, Kaitlin L. Ingraham Dixie, Tsuneya Ikezu, Seiko Ikezu
Summary: There is increasing evidence suggesting that microglia play a crucial role in synapse formation and spine growth, with the secreted morphogen WNT5A being the most abundant WNT expressed in microglia, promoting neuronal maturation. Co-culture of microglia with differentiated neurons showed increased neuronal spine density and reduced dendritic spine turnover rate, which decreased when microglial Wnt5a was silenced in vitro. Co-culture also increased post-synaptic marker PSD95 and synaptic density, while silencing Wnt5a in microglia reduced both. Furthermore, co-culture enhanced neuronal firing rate, which was reduced by silencing microglial Wnt5a during differentiation. These findings suggest the potential pathological roles of dysfunctional microglia in developmental disorders.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael R. Harris, Thomas P. Wytock, Istvan A. Kovacs
Summary: The difficulty of mapping synaptic polarity is addressed through computational inference in this study. The researchers use different experimental scenarios, including the integration of gene expression data and a connectome model, to infer synaptic polarities. They introduce a high-performance method that successfully infers a large number of synaptic polarities, contributing to a more realistic understanding of brain models.
Article
Biology
Amy Cheung, Kotaro Konno, Yuka Imamura, Aya Matsui, Manabu Abe, Kenji Sakimura, Toshikuni Sasaoka, Takeshi Uemura, Masahiko Watanabe, Kensuke Futai, Nils Brose
Summary: The study reveals the involvement of Nrxn genes in the modulation of 5-HT transmission and behavior, suggesting a potential link between Nrxn mutations and ASD.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Gustavo Menesse, Boris Marin, Mauricio Girardi-Schappo, Osame Kinouchi
Summary: In self-organized criticality models, criticality is usually only observed for vanishing external fields h -> 0, which is not common in natural systems. In dissipative systems, a phenomenon called dirty criticality or self-organized quasi-criticality (SOqC) exists instead of true critical behavior characterized by clean power laws obeying finite-size scaling. This study proposes simple homeostatic mechanisms for neuronal networks to achieve near criticality even in the presence of significant external input.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jacqueline K. Khamma, Daniel S. Copeland, Holly S. Hake, Stephanie C. Gantz
Summary: The activity of dorsal raphe neurons is controlled by noradrenaline afferents, which activate α1-adrenergic receptors to produce EPSC. The amplitude of the EPSC is influenced by the amount of noradrenaline released, while the decay time is not affected. The termination of EPSC is primarily mediated by reuptake via transporters.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Chong-Yang Wang, Ji-Qiang Zhang, Zhi-Xi Wu, Jian-Yue Guan
Summary: Synchronous population activities in a neuronal network with both excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and short-term synaptic plasticity can exhibit periodic-like characteristics and bursty phase with power-law distributed avalanches. Inhibitory neurons can promote cluster firing behavior and strong bursty collective firing activity by depressing the activities of postsynaptic neurons. The population activities show substantial trial-to-trial variability in local periodic-like and synchronous chaotic phases, which is unfavorable for neural code, unlike the stable periodic-like phases.
Review
Neurosciences
Yao Liu, Xi Shen, Yuhan Zhang, Xiaoli Zheng, Carlos Cepeda, Yao Wang, Shumin Duan, Xiaoping Tong
Summary: The mammalian brain is composed of neurons, glial cells, and numerous synapses. Neurons form the complex circuitry of the brain, while glial cells, especially astrocytes and microglia, play essential roles in supporting and regulating neuronal activity. This review summarizes the latest research on how glial cells impact and remodel synapses, with a focus on microglia and oligodendrocytes. The review highlights the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neuron-glia crosstalk and provides insights into how disrupted synaptic communication between neurons and glia may contribute to neural pathologies.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Randi, Andrew M. Leifer
Summary: This paper investigates the time-dependent functional connectivity between neurons in the brain, using nonequilibrium Green's functions to describe the dynamic behavior of neuron networks. Through numerical calculations and examples inspired by Caenorhabditis elegans, the relationship between connectivity and response functions is demonstrated.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
I. A. Shepelev, S. S. Muni, T. E. Vadivasova
Summary: In a 2D lattice of self-sustained oscillators interacting nonlocally through an active nonlinear element, various spatiotemporal patterns emerge, including standing waves with periodic dynamics and complex cluster structures such as chimera states. The variation of coupling parameters leads to different spatiotemporal patterns, with some new periodic states arising from the repulsive part of the coupling. The influence of coupling nonlinearity on spatiotemporal dynamics is also demonstrated.
Article
Optics
Miaodi Guo, Haifeng Li, Ning Li, Yajie Wu
Summary: We propose a scheme for tunable coherent perfect absorption (CPA) and near-perfect reflection (near CPR) in a three-level A-type atom-cavity system. By utilizing electromagnetically-induced-transparency-type interference induced by a coherent coupling laser, tunable near CPR at two-photon resonance can be achieved. Additionally, we demonstrate that CPA can be switched to the near-CPR regime by adjusting the linear absorption or gain using an incoherent pump field. This research provides a theoretical mechanism for manipulation of perfect absorption and reflection, with potential applications in coherent optical computing and communication.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Elisa M. Tartaglia, Nicolas Brunel, Gianluigi Mongillo
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Alex Roxin, Nicolas Brunel, David Hansel, Gianluigi Mongillo, Carl van Vreeswijk
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2011)
Article
Neurosciences
Gianluigi Mongillo, Simon Rumpel, Yonatan Loewenstein
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Gianluigi Mongillo, Sophie Deneve
NEURAL COMPUTATION
(2008)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gianluigi Mongillo, Hanan Shteingart, Yonatan Loewenstein
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gianluigi Mongillo, Hanan Shteingart, Yonatan Loewenstein
PROCEEDINGS OF THE IEEE
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gianluigi Mongillo, Omri Barak, Misha Tsodyks
Correction
Neurosciences
Gianluigi Mongillo, Simon Rumpel, Yonatan Loewenstein
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Matteo Lisi, Gianluigi Mongillo, Georgia Milne, Tessa Dekker, Andrei Gorea
Summary: The study found that human confidence judgments tend to follow discrete confidence levels rather than Bayesian probabilities. While humans can express confidence about uncertain events, they do not fully adhere to the ideal Bayesian strategy. By developing a dual-decision task, researchers suggest that confidence judgments may be based on point estimates of relevant variables.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Gianluigi Mongillo, Simon Rumpel, Yonatan Loewenstein
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Alessandro Barri, Yun Wang, David Hansel, Gianluigi Mongillo
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Elisa M. Tartaglia, Gianluigi Mongillo, Nicolas Brunel
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Sandro Romani, Daniel J. Amit, Gianluigi Mongillo
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2006)
Article
Neurosciences
G Mongillo, E Curti, S Romani, DJ Amit
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2005)