Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jin-Jhe Wang, Chien-Hsiung Lai, Chau-Yin Chen, Chia-Yen Liu, Meng-Hung Lin, Yao-Hsu Yang, Pei-Lun Wu
Summary: This study investigated the demographics, risk factors, microbiological characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of infectious keratitis (IK) in Taiwan over the past 15 years. The findings showed a decline in contact lens-related IK and an increase in IK related to systemic diseases. Gram-positive bacteria were more commonly isolated than gram-negative bacteria. The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed a decreasing trend, while coagulase-negative Staphylococcus and Propionibacterium species were increasingly detected. Antibiotic susceptibility of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria remained stable throughout the study period.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Abdikarim Hussein Mohamed, Hussein Ali Mohamud, Ebubekir Arslan
Summary: The study found a 3.5% prevalence of surgical site infections, with Escherichia coli as the main pathogen and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus also present. Factors like antibiotic use, chronic renal failure, diabetes, and emergency surgeries were identified as predisposing to multidrug resistance. Pathogens displayed varying levels of resistance to antibiotics commonly used in surgical infections.
Review
Ophthalmology
Stephen Tuft, Tobi F. Somerville, Ji-Peng Olivia Li, Timothy Neal, Surjo De, Malcolm J. Horsburgh, Joanne L. Fothergill, Daniel Foulkes, Stephen Kaye
Summary: Bacterial keratitis is a common corneal infection that can lead to severe visual loss, but there are uncertainties surrounding its diagnosis criteria and bacterial resistance. Current treatment strategies and research are primarily based on systemic administration data, without sufficient consideration for local corneal concentrations and biological activity.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isaiah Osei Duah Junior, Michel Pascal Tchiakpe, Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye, Kwadwo Amoah, Francis Kwaku Dzideh Amankwah, David Ben Kumah, Linda Aurelia Ofori, Anthony Danso-Appiah, Bright Owusu Prempeh, Stephen Yao Gbedema, Justin Munyaneza, Cynthia Amaning Danquah, Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo
Summary: This study investigated the bacteria etiology of external ocular and periocular infections in a Ghanaian population and examined the patterns of antimicrobial treatment. The results showed a high burden of ocular bacterial infections with variations in etiology. Urgent implementation of infection control and antimicrobial stewardship programs is needed to prevent the emergence of resistant infections.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tsai-Chu Yeh, Yih-Shiuan Kuo, Lei-Chi Wang, Tzu-Yang Tai, Pei-Yu Lin
Summary: Microsporidial stromal keratitis is a common vision-threatening disease that is often misdiagnosed. This study reported the results of using 0.02% topical chlorhexidine to treat microsporidial stromal keratitis and reviewed its treatment outcomes.
JOURNAL OF THE CHINESE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marianne Moerer, Antina Luebke-Becker, Astrid Bethe, Roswitha Merle, Wolfgang Baeumer
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the second amendment to the Regulation of Veterinary Pharmacies (TaHAV) in 2018 on the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in selected bacterial pathogens isolated from dogs and cats in Germany. The study found that the amendment led to an increase in sample submissions in Germany. The highest resistance rates were found for Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, while resistance rates were low for Pasteurella multocida and β-hemolytic streptococci. Significant decreases in resistance rates were observed for S. pseudintermedius against penicillin G and ampicillin, S. felis against amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefovecin, and S. aureus against enrofloxacin.
Article
Ophthalmology
Ahmad Masoumi, Haniyeh Zeidabadinejad, Behzad Jafari, Amirreza Esfandiari, Mohammad Soleimani
Summary: This study investigated the predisposing factors, clinical presentation, and management strategies for Klebsiella keratitis. The results showed that previous keratoplasty, ocular trauma, ocular surface disease, and systemic diseases such as diabetes are major risk factors for Klebsiella keratitis. Surgical and tectonic procedures were often necessary to control the infection in most patients.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Lawson Ung, James Chodosh
Summary: Bacterial corneal infections, known as bacterial keratitis (BK), can cause irreversible visual impairment and are a major cause of blindness worldwide. Current standards of care, based on corneal cultures and broad-spectrum antibiotics, have limitations and can result in significant vision loss. Despite recent advances, including topical corticosteroids and corneal crosslinking, there is still a lack of progress in improving outcomes for patients and populations affected by this disease. Recognizing the importance of timely treatment, this chapter provides evidence-based recommendations for the clinical management of bacterial keratitis, identifying critical unmet needs in disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lionel Sebbag, Victoria L. Broadbent, Danielle E. Kenne, Ashtyn L. Perrin, Jonathan P. Mochel
Summary: This study isolated bacteria from canine patients with infectious keratitis and found that the addition of albumin can impact the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics, providing important insights for clinical treatment and antimicrobial resistance.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jose Lorente Pascua, Ana Garcia Bernal, Estefania Garcia Sanchez, Carmen V. Almeida Gonzalez
Summary: This study reviewed the incidence, resistance patterns, and management of bacterial keratitis during the past 4 years. Gram-positive bacteria had a high resistance rate to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, suggesting that these drugs may not be suitable for initial monotherapy in severe bacterial keratitis.
EYE & CONTACT LENS-SCIENCE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Wallaya Phongphaew, Mintraporn Kongtia, Kiyeon Kim, Kaitkanoke Sirinarumitr, Theerapol Sirinarumitr
Summary: The study compared the prevalence of bacterial species and results of drug susceptibility testing of bacteria isolated from prostatic fluids and urine samples from dogs with prostatitis and cystitis. Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp., Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the major species detected, with Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli being the most prevalent. Imipenem and gentamicin were found to be the most potent antimicrobial drugs, but caution is needed when administering imipenem for treating prostatitis and cystitis in dogs. Additionally, there were no significant differences in antimicrobial drug susceptibility trends between prostatic fluid and urine samples.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Zijun Zhang, Kai Cao, Jiamin Liu, Zhenyu Wei, Xizhan Xu, Qingfeng Liang
Summary: Bacterial keratitis is a common type of infectious keratitis, and the spectrum of pathogenic bacteria and their drug susceptibility varies among different regions. A meta-analysis was conducted to review the global culture rate, distribution, trends, and drug susceptibility of bacterial isolates from bacterial keratitis over the past 20 years. The most common bacteria were Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., and Moraxella spp. The analysis also revealed differences in antibiotic susceptibility among different bacteria types.
Article
Microbiology
Sarah Atta, Chandrashan Perera, Regis P. Kowalski, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: Fungal keratitis (FK) is a challenging condition to diagnose and treat. This retrospective study reviewed FK cases at a medical center in Pennsylvania, USA, and found that the most common risk factors were contact lens use, recent ocular trauma/abrasion, and history of ocular surgery. The majority of cases were treated with topical and oral voriconazole, and surgical management was necessary in some cases.
Article
Ophthalmology
Nikolaos Spernovasilis, Sofia Maraki, Evangelos Kokorakis, Diamantis Kofteridis, Miltiadis Tsilimbaris, Charalampos Siganos, George Samonis
Summary: This study evaluated the bacterial spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibilities of pathogens isolated from contact lens-related bacterial keratitis cases in a large academic Greek hospital. Gram-negative microorganisms were found to be the most common causative pathogens, with good effectiveness of antibiotics. It is crucial to have culture-driven antimicrobial treatment for this sight-threatening infection.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Zun Zheng Ong, Thai Ling Wong, Lakshmi Suresh, Yasmeen Hammoudeh, Michelle Lister, Dalia G. Said, Harminder S. Dua, Darren S. J. Ting
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed patients with post-keratoplasty infectious keratitis (PKIK) at Queen's Medical Centre between September 2015 and August 2022. PKIK was found to be an important cause of graft failure. The study identified bullous keratopathy, ocular surface disease, and suture-related complications as the most common risk factors. Prophylactic topical antibiotics and early suture removal may reduce the risk of PKIK.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)