Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gregory B. Lim
Summary: Extravascular implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are safe and effective in detecting and terminating ventricular arrhythmias induced at the time of implantation.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Luisa F. F. Pallares, Amanda J. J. Lea, Clair Han, Elena V. V. Filippova, Peter Andolfatto, Julien F. F. Ayroles
Summary: Evolutionary theory suggests that lifespan-reducing alleles should be eliminated, but studies have shown that they persist. This study found that alleles regulating lifespan have context-dependent effects and a third of lifespan-associated genetic variation is influenced by the environment. Lifespan-reducing alleles are often recent, have stronger effects on a high-sugar diet, and show signs of selection in wild populations, supporting the evolutionary mismatch hypothesis. These findings provide insights into the complex genetic architecture of lifespan and the evolutionary processes that shape it.
Editorial Material
Biology
George H. Perry
Summary: Evolutionary medicine is a crucial and growing interdisciplinary field for understanding modern human health, as highlighted in a special issue published by eLife to showcase recent research.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Veena Krish, Nicola Paoletti, Scott A. A. Smolka, Amir Rahmati
Summary: Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs) are vulnerable to signal-injection attacks, which induce morphological changes in measured electrograms (EGMs) and disrupt the normal behavior of the ICD control software. This paper introduces InjectICD, a model-based framework that systematically constructs stealthy attack templates for ICDs by synthesizing attack signals as multi-objective optimizations. The evaluation shows that InjectICD can construct attack templates for various heart conditions and adversary capabilities, highlighting the need for ICD manufacturers to incorporate defenses against signal-injection attacks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kate E. Creevy, Joshua M. Akey, Matt Kaeberlein, Daniel E. L. Promislow
Summary: The Dog Aging Project aims to study the aging process in companion dogs through long-term research, collecting extensive data and samples to investigate the genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors associated with aging.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Jason Wayne Miklas, Anne Brunet
Summary: The lysosome plays a crucial role in regulating lifespan by mediating inter-tissue communication through fatty acid breakdown and secretion in Caenorhabditis elegans.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pradeep Kumar, Sampurna Kundu, Rahul Bawankule
Summary: This study examines the clustering of utilization of Integrated Child Developmental Services (ICDS) in different districts in India and its relationship with socio-economic and demographic factors. The findings show significant regional disparities in the utilization of ICDS services, which are influenced by factors such as rural population, poverty, and female illiteracy.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephen S. Tower, Christina S. Cho, Robert L. Bridges, Bradford D. Gessner
Summary: This cohort study investigates the relationship between cobalt-chrome arthroprosthetic components and adverse reactions to metallic debris, such as cobaltism.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Reed A. Nicholson, Alejandro G. Marangoni
Summary: Lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis can effectively turn plant-based oils into solid fats without changing their fatty acid compositions, making them suitable for various food applications. High oleic oils show the greatest increases in solid fat content (SFC), while tigernut and olive oils experienced SFC increases of 34% and 24% respectively after glycerolysis. This process allows for customization of oils' physical properties, making it a promising method for producing natural fat replacements.
CURRENT OPINION IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Carlos A. Peres, Felipe P. L. Melo, Inara R. Leal, Marcelo Tabarelli
Summary: Community assembly plays a key role in driving the provision of ecosystem services, with 'winner and loser' replacements in tropical forests showing significant impacts on ecological organization. Most replacements involve native species and are driven by changes in resource availability. Species dispersal is a powerful force controlling community (re)assembly, leading to a complete functional reorganization of assemblages.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Louis Gervais, Allison J. Bardin
Summary: A new study reveals the link between downstream effectors of the epidermal growth factor receptor and stem cell growth through mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic reprogramming.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huihua Xing, Stacey M. Chin, Venkata Reddy Udumula, Maddeboina Krishnaiah, Nathalia Rodrigues de Almeida, Cristian Huck-Iriart, Agustin S. Picco, Sieun Ruth Lee, Gervasio Zaldivar, Kelsey A. Jackson, Mario Tagliazucchi, Samuel Stupp, Martin Conda-Sheridan
Summary: This study demonstrates that the self-assembly behavior of peptide amphiphiles can be effectively tuned by replacing carboxylic acids exposed to aqueous media with isosteres. The nanostructure's morphologies are responsive to the ionization states of the side chains, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering studies. Theoretical studies show that isosteric replacements allow for pH control of supramolecular morphology by manipulating the pK(a) of charged groups located on the nanostructure's surface.
Article
Biology
Masato Akiyama, Saori Sakaue, Atsushi Takahashi, Kazuyoshi Ishigaki, Makoto Hirata, Koichi Matsuda, Yukihide Momozawa, Yukinori Okada, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Yoichiro Biobank Japan project, Chikashi Terao, Yoshinori Murakami, Michiaki Kubo, Yoichiro Kamatani
Summary: A genome-wide association study conducted on the BioBank Japan cohort identified a novel locus, BET1L, associated with survival time in the Japanese population. This study also found a significant overlap between BET1L and eQTL in skeletal muscle, indicating its potential impact on lifespan. Furthermore, gene-set enrichment analysis revealed other genes and biological mechanisms related to survival time.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Axel Friedli, Haran Burri
Summary: The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) is a safe and effective therapy that is valuable in selected patients. However, there are still several shortcomings of the device that need to be addressed in future generations.
EXPERT REVIEW OF MEDICAL DEVICES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrycja Zietara, Marta Dziewiecka, Maria Augustyniak
Summary: The sirtuin system, consisting of seven highly conserved regulatory enzymes, plays a crucial role in metabolism, antioxidant protection, and cell cycle regulation. Sirtuins have attracted great interest due to their potential impact on life extension. This article provides a summary of the latest research on the activity of sirtuins and their involvement in the aging process. The effectiveness of compounds that modulate sirtuin activity has been demonstrated in numerous studies, highlighting the importance of carefully considering the risks associated with their manipulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)