Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark A. Travis, Chiara Romagnani
Summary: Active control of the immune system is necessary to prevent inflammatory bowel disease. Cell populations that promote the generation of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells in the gut have been identified.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hsin-Chih Lai, Tzu-Lung Lin, Ting-Wen Chen, Yu-Lun Kuo, Chih-Jung Chang, Tsung-Ru Wu, Ching-Chung Shu, Ying-Huang Tsai, Simon Swift, Chia-Chen Lu
Summary: The study found that gut microbiota composition significantly affects cigarette smoking-induced COPD development, and fecal microbiota transplantation can restore COPD pathogenesis. A beneficial bacterium Parabacteroides goldsteinii was isolated and shown to ameliorate COPD, with its derived active component having anti-inflammatory effects and ameliorating COPD through inhibition of lung inflammation and regulation of host metabolism.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alice Bertocchi, Fiona Powrie
Summary: Abnormalities in gut bacteria can lead to hard-to-treat illnesses like inflammatory bowel diseases. Targeting bacteria with viruses shows promise in addressing these conditions.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stuart M. Brierley
Summary: Gut infection can trigger localized immune responses that cause harmless foods to be perceived as harmful, leading to persistent pain. Defense against bacterial infection may drive pain when eating food.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Dan-Wen Wang, Xiang-Tian Pang, Heng Zhang, Hai-Xia Gao, Yu-Fei Leng, Feng-Qin Chen, Rui Zhang, Yun Feng, Zhi-Ling Sun
Summary: This study aims to elucidate the characteristic change in the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in order to understand its role in the pathogenesis and progression of RA. A systematic search of multiple databases will be conducted, and case-control studies meeting the inclusion criteria will be independently screened. The quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and presented at conferences.
Article
Microbiology
Mingming Zhao, Xiaoxuan Chen, Zhenghao Yang, Xiaodong Yang, Qiang Peng
Summary: In the past, tumor and microbial infection were considered as independent diseases. However, the discovery of bacteria in tumor tissue changed this perception. Recent findings have shown the significant effects of bacteria on tumor development, metastasis, and immunity. Understanding the interactions between bacteria and tumors is crucial for developing new approaches for cancer treatment.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Norbert van Dijk, Jane Carter, Wyckliff Omondi, Petra Mens, Henk Schallig
Summary: This research project aims to investigate the co-infection of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and malaria in West Pokot County, Kenya. Through a multimethod approach including cross-sectional study, questionnaire survey, and blood sample collection, the clinical implications, risk factors, and immune responses of co-infections will be examined. The findings of this study will be presented at international conferences and published in open-access, peer-reviewed journals.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Matthias Widbiller, Rita Weiler, Helge Knuettel, Kerstin M. Galler, Wolfgang Buchalla, Konstantin J. Scholz
Summary: The aim of this study is to systematically review and summarize the literature on selective caries removal in order to reveal its effects on the biological processes of teeth. Four major biological explanations were identified: pulp response, cavity seal, remaining bacteria, and cavity liner. The search for original publications and the collection of relevant evidence will provide further support for understanding in this field.
Article
Fisheries
G. G. Santos, M. C. M. Libanori, S. A. Pereira, J. V. S. Ferrarezi, M. B. Ferreira, T. A. Soligo, E. Yamashita, M. L. Martins, J. L. P. Mourino
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a probiotic mix composed of Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis, and benzoic acid on the zootechnical performance and hematoimmunological parameters of juvenile Nile tilapias. It was found that feed supplemented with 0.1% benzoic acid showed better results for weight gain, final biomass, specific growth rate, and survival after experimental challenge. Combined supplementation of the probiotic mix of Bacillus spp. and 0.1% benzoic acid promoted a synergistic effect on the concentration of total leukocytes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Alonso-Vega, Julio A. Urbina, Sergi Sanz, Maria-Jesus Pinazo, Jimy Jose Pinto, Virginia R. Gonzalez, Gimena Rojas, Lourdes Ortiz, Wilson Garcia, Daniel Lozano, Dolors Soy, Rosa A. Maldonado, Rana Nagarkatti, Alain Debrabant, Alejandro Schijman, M. Carmen Thomas, Manuel Carlos Lopez, Katja Michael, Isabela Ribeiro, Joaquim Gascon, Faustino Torrico, Igor C. Almeida
Summary: Chagas disease affects millions worldwide with current drugs showing lower efficacy and high incidence of adverse events, prompting the need for new chemotherapy regimens to improve efficacy and reduce AEs. The TESEO study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of new proposed chemotherapy regimens with current standard treatments, evaluating outcomes for 36 months post-treatment.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ana Paula Pesarico, Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus, Emily Corneo, Heloisa de Medeiros Borges, Karen de Vasconcelos Calixto, Michelle Lima Garcez, Tatiani Bellettini-Santos, Ana Paula Lorenzen Voytena, Marina Rossetto, Fernanda Ramlov, Felipe Dal-Pizzol, Monique Michels
Summary: This study investigates the protective effects of several Bacillus strains against LPS-induced intestinal inflammation. The results show that B. coagulans and B. amyloliquefaciens have significant protective effects against pathological changes and increased inflammatory cytokines.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Gabriele Meroni, Alexios Tsikopoulos, Konstantinos Tsikopoulos, Francesca Allemanno, Piera Anna Martino, Joel Fernando Soares Filipe
Summary: Osteomyelitis is a bone infection that can spread through hematogenous, contiguous, or direct inoculation routes. Animal models can be used to study osteomyelitis, and different species are chosen for research. The clinical manifestation of hematogenous osteomyelitis varies due to multiple factors, but these variables can be controlled and tested through animal models.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cassio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, Nallusamy Sivakumar, Homer Asadi, Anna Chang-Chien, M. Walid Qoronfleh, David M. Ojcius, Musthafa Mohamed Essa
Summary: Frankincense oil, derived from Boswellia trees, has been used for the treatment of chronic disease, inflammation, and microbial infection. Recent research has focused on the bioactive components of Boswellia trees and their effects on cancer, microbial infection, and inflammation. There is growing interest in further developing the therapeutic use of natural products like frankincense oil.
Article
Ophthalmology
Imran Mohammed, Debasmita Mohanty, Dalia G. Said, Manas Ranjan Barik, Mamatha M. Reddy, Ahmed Alsaadi, Sujata Das, Harminder Singh Dua, Ruchi Mittal
Summary: AMP expression is a consistent feature of FK, with HBD-1 and -2 being most consistently expressed while LL-37 is the least, indicating a certain specificity of AMP expression related to FK. These results will aid in identifying HBD sequence templates for designing FK-specific peptides for potential therapeutic use.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laure F. Pittet, Nicole L. Messina, Kaya Gardiner, Francesca Orsini, Veronica Abruzzo, Samantha Bannister, Marc Bonten, John L. Campbell, Julio Croda, Margareth Dalcolmo, Sonja Elia, Susie Germano, Casey Goodall, Amanda Gwee, Tenaya Jamieson, Bruno Jardim, Tobias R. Kollmann, Marcus Vinicius Guimaraes Lacerda, Katherine J. Lee, Donna Legge, Michaela Lucas, David J. Lynn, Ellie McDonald, Laurens Manning, Craig F. Munns, Kirsten P. Perrett, Cristina Prat Aymerich, Peter Richmond, Frank Shann, Eva Sudbury, Paola Villanueva, Nicholas J. Wood, Katherine Lieschke, Kanta Subbarao, Andrew Davidson, Nigel Curtis
Summary: The international multicentre phase III randomised controlled trial aims to evaluate if BCG vaccination can reduce the incidence and severity of COVID-19 among healthcare workers. The study plans to recruit 10,078 participants from Australia, The Netherlands, Spain, the UK, and Brazil, and assess the safety and immunological effects of BCG vaccination in preventing COVID-19 and other respiratory illnesses.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tsz Yung Wong, Yiu Cheung Tsang, Kim Wai Shadow Yeung, Wai Keung Leung
Summary: This cross-sectional study examined the association between oral symptoms of gum bleeding and behavioral factors, beliefs, and knowledge among Hong Kong Chinese. The study found that approximately half of the participants reported experiencing gum bleeding, with 62.2% experiencing it within the past 12 months. Higher education levels were associated with greater awareness of gum problems. Individuals with bleeding gums, particularly those with periodontitis, poor dental awareness/behaviors, and/or a poor lifestyle should be targeted for education and encouragement to improve their gum health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Lakshman Samaranayake, Sukumaran Anil
Summary: Monkeypox is a contagious disease caused by the Monkeypox virus, primarily confined to African regions but recently appearing in multiple countries. This article reviews the features of Monkeypox and its potential impact on dentistry.
INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
H. M. H. N. Bandara, L. P. Samaranayake
Summary: This article discusses the guidelines and ongoing research on environmental decontamination strategies for Candida auris, a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen. The fungus's resistance to antifungal agents and ability to survive in healthcare settings make its eradication challenging. Current generic guidance lacks specific strategies for C. auris decontamination.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengfei Zhao, Aimin Xu, Wai Keung Leung
Summary: Obesity and periodontitis are common health concerns with negative relationships. Obesity leads to bone metabolic disorders and increased risks of periodontitis and alveolar bone loss. This review summarizes the clinical changes in periodontium and the biological interlinks in obesity-associated bone remodeling. The potential mechanism underlying obesity-enhanced alveolar bone loss is also discussed, providing practical considerations for managing periodontal disease in obese patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qin Hu, Aneesha Acharya, Wai Keung Leung, George Pelekos
Summary: This study examined the association between sponsorship bias and treatment effects in dental trials involving probiotics. The results suggest that trials with a high risk of sponsorship bias report more significant treatment effects compared to low-risk trials.
Article
Cell Biology
Ting Hao, Rui Zhang, Tian Zhao, Juan Wu, Wai Keung Leung, Jie Yang, Weibin Sun
Summary: P. gingivalis may promote inflammatory responses in periodontitis by inhibiting the AhR signaling pathway.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Victor Haruo Matsubara, Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin, Hien Ngo, Lakshman P. Samaranayake
Summary: This review examines the effect of bifidobacterial probiotics on periodontopathogens and host immune responses. The use of different strains of bifidobacteria was found to reduce periodontopathogens, decrease inflammation, and improve clinical parameters. However, further research is needed before the therapeutic use of bifidobacteria in periodontal infections.
INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Hongying Hu, Michael Francis Burrow, Wai Keung Leung
Summary: The proteomic profile of acquired pellicle on smooth bovine tooth and tooth-coloured restorative materials was evaluated and compared. It was found that significantly higher amounts of protein were adsorbed onto tooth surface. The protein quantity and composition of pellicles formed on different restorative material surfaces were similar, but distinct from the corresponding unstimulated whole saliva.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fei Yee Lim, Chui Ling Goo, Wai Keung Leung, Victor Goh
Summary: This study validates a newly translated Malay version of Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP-M) and compares oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT), and factors associated with OHRQoL among Malaysians. The results show differences in DMFT and OHRQoL between ethnicities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mo Yin Mok, Wing Yin Kong, Katherine Chiu Man Leung, Mei Kuen Chow, Yi Lo, Claudia Pui Ling Tsang, Henry Kwok Kong Fung, Wallace Chak Sing Lau, Wai Keung Leung
Summary: This study found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Hong Kong commonly experience adverse oral and dental outcomes, including loose teeth and gum bleeding, with a higher risk of severe periodontitis compared to community counterparts, primarily attributed to plaque index.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Ray Tanaka, Katherine Lau, Andy W. K. Yeung, Wai Keung Leung, Takafumi Hayashi, Michael M. Bornstein, Maurizio S. Tonetti, George Pelekos
Summary: The study aimed to compare the accuracy of intraoral ultrasonography (USG) and conventional periodontal examinations in detection and classification of furcation involvement, and to compare it with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The results showed that intraoral USG had a similar performance to CBCT in diagnosing and classifying furcation involvement, without ionizing radiation.
DENTOMAXILLOFACIAL RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rachel Pei-Hsuan Wang, Jianpan Huang, Kannie Wai Yan Chan, Wai Keung Leung, Tetsuya Goto, Yuen-Shan Ho, Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
Summary: This study demonstrates that systemic inflammation caused by periodontitis contributes to the development of Alzheimer's disease and leads to cognitive decline.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongying Hu, Wai Keung Leung
Summary: Periodontitis is a primary cause of tooth loss and is linked to systemic diseases. Early detection is crucial for preventing oral damage and related health complications. This study provides a systematic review of the role of proteomics in identifying salivary biomarkers for periodontitis. Nine consistently expressed candidate biomarkers were identified.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Victor Haruo Matsubara, Janina Christoforou, Lakshman Samaranayake
Summary: There has been a significant increase in the incidence of scarlet fever, especially in Europe, after the COVID-19 pandemic. Scarlet fever is caused by streptococcus pyogenes, which produces pyrogenic exotoxin and is responsible for over 500,000 deaths annually worldwide. Superantigens secreted by this bacteria can overstimulate the immune system, leading to symptoms such as sore throat, high fever, and a sandpaper-like rash. Dental practitioners should be aware of the early symptoms for timely diagnosis, treatment, and referral.
INTERNATIONAL DENTAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhekai Hu, Yuqing Li, Weihao Yuan, Lijian Jin, Wai Keung Leung, Chengfei Zhang, Yanqi Yang
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in macrophage activation and stiffness sensing, providing further insight into the regulatory mechanisms involved in macrophage activation and inflammation control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
