Raf kinases in cancer–roles and therapeutic opportunities

Constitutive Activation of Raf-1 Induces Glioma Formation in Mice

(2015) Yelena Lyustikman et al.   NEOPLASIA

Mutant BRAF Melanomas—Dependence and Resistance

(2011) Poulikos I. Poulikakos et al.   CANCER CELL

EZH2 Promotes Expansion of Breast Tumor Initiating Cells through Activation of RAF1-β-Catenin Signaling

(2011) Chun-Ju Chang et al.   CANCER CELL

Oncogenic BRAF Induces Melanoma Cell Invasion by Downregulating the cGMP-Specific Phosphodiesterase PDE5A

(2011) Imanol Arozarena et al.   CANCER CELL

RAF inhibition and induction of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

(2011) Caroline Robert et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN ONCOLOGY

Biological challenges of BRAF inhibitor therapy

(2011) Igor Puzanov et al.   Molecular Oncology

Targeting BRAF for patients with melanoma

(2010) H-T Arkenau et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER

Acquired Resistance to BRAF Inhibitors Mediated by a RAF Kinase Switch in Melanoma Can Be Overcome by Cotargeting MEK and IGF-1R/PI3K

(2010) Jessie Villanueva et al.   CANCER CELL

BRAF Inactivation Drives Aneuploidy by Deregulating CRAF

(2010) T. Kamata et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Selective BRAFV600E Inhibition Enhances T-Cell Recognition of Melanoma without Affecting Lymphocyte Function

(2010) A. Boni et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Targets of Raf in tumorigenesis

(2010) T. S. Niault et al.   CARCINOGENESIS

Kinase-Dead BRAF and Oncogenic RAS Cooperate to Drive Tumor Progression through CRAF

(2010) Sonja J. Heidorn et al.   CELL

Matrix Metalloproteinases: Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment

(2010) Kai Kessenbrock et al.   CELL

Does Basal Cell Carcinoma Belong to the Spectrum of Sorafenib-Induced Epithelial Skin Cancers?

(2010) A. Degen et al.   DERMATOLOGY

V600EBraf induces gastrointestinal crypt senescence and promotes tumour progression through enhanced CpG methylation ofp16INK4a

(2010) Linda A. S. Carragher et al.   EMBO Molecular Medicine

Raf-induced MMP9 disrupts tissue architecture of human breast cells in three-dimensional culture and is necessary for tumor growth in vivo

(2010) A. Beliveau et al.   GENES & DEVELOPMENT

RAF inhibitors transactivate RAF dimers and ERK signalling in cells with wild-type BRAF

(2010) Poulikos I. Poulikakos et al.   NATURE

RAF inhibitors prime wild-type RAF to activate the MAPK pathway and enhance growth

(2010) Georgia Hatzivassiliou et al.   NATURE

Clinical efficacy of a RAF inhibitor needs broad target blockade in BRAF-mutant melanoma

(2010) Gideon Bollag et al.   NATURE

COT drives resistance to RAF inhibition through MAP kinase pathway reactivation

(2010) Cory M. Johannessen et al.   NATURE

Melanomas acquire resistance to B-RAF(V600E) inhibition by RTK or N-RAS upregulation

(2010) Ramin Nazarian et al.   NATURE

Rearrangements of the RAF kinase pathway in prostate cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma

(2010) Nallasivam Palanisamy et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Genomic instability — an evolving hallmark of cancer

(2010) Simona Negrini et al.   NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

Inhibition of Mutated, Activated BRAF in Metastatic Melanoma

(2010) Keith T. Flaherty et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

The RAF inhibitor PLX4032 inhibits ERK signaling and tumor cell proliferation in a V600E BRAF-selective manner

(2010) E. W. Joseph et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Partner exchange: protein–protein interactions in the Raf pathway

(2010) Reiner Wimmer et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

The Role of BRAF Mutation and p53 Inactivation during Transformation of a Subpopulation of Primary Human Melanocytes

(2009) Hong Yu et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY

Oncogenic Braf Induces Melanocyte Senescence and Melanoma in Mice

(2009) Nathalie Dhomen et al.   CANCER CELL

Raf-1 Addiction in Ras-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis

(2009) Karin Ehrenreiter et al.   CANCER CELL

Sorafenib Inhibits Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Growth by Targeting B-RAF in KRAS Wild-Type Cells and C-RAF in KRAS Mutant Cells

(2009) K. Takezawa et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

The BRAFV600E Oncogene Induces Transforming Growth Factor   Secretion Leading to Sodium Iodide Symporter Repression and Increased Malignancy in Thyroid Cancer

(2009) G. Riesco-Eizaguirre et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Principles of Cancer Therapy: Oncogene and Non-oncogene Addiction

(2009) Ji Luo et al.   CELL

The RASopathies: developmental syndromes of Ras/MAPK pathway dysregulation

(2009) William E Tidyman et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN GENETICS & DEVELOPMENT

Raf kinase inhibitory protein suppresses a metastasis signalling cascade involving LIN28 and let-7

(2009) Surabhi Dangi-Garimella et al.   EMBO JOURNAL

Identification of Novelin VivoPhosphorylation Sites of the Human Proapoptotic Protein BAD

(2009) Lisa Polzien et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Loss of RAF kinase inhibitor protein is a somatic event in the pathogenesis of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemias with C-RAF germline mutations

(2009) A Zebisch et al.   LEUKEMIA

Impact of Feedback Phosphorylation and Raf Heterodimerization on Normal and Mutant B-Raf Signaling

(2009) D. A. Ritt et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY

Functional Proteomics Identifies Targets of Phosphorylation by B-Raf Signaling in Melanoma

(2009) William M. Old et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

Oncogenic B-RAF Negatively Regulates the Tumor Suppressor LKB1 to Promote Melanoma Cell Proliferation

(2009) Bin Zheng et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

C-Raf Inhibits MAPK Activation and Transformation by B-RafV600E

(2009) Florian A. Karreth et al.   MOLECULAR CELL

A dimerization-dependent mechanism drives RAF catalytic activation

(2009) Thanashan Rajakulendran et al.   NATURE

BrafV600E cooperates with Pten loss to induce metastatic melanoma

(2009) David Dankort et al.   NATURE GENETICS

A Mek1–Mek2 heterodimer determines the strength and duration of the Erk signal

(2009) Federica Catalanotti et al.   NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plexin B1 is repressed by oncogenic B-Raf signaling and functions as a tumor suppressor in melanoma cells

(2009) G M Argast et al.   ONCOGENE

Oncogenic RAF1 rearrangement and a novel BRAF mutation as alternatives to KIAA1549:BRAF fusion in activating the MAPK pathway in pilocytic astrocytoma

(2009) D T W Jones et al.   ONCOGENE

Melanocytic nevus-like hyperplasia and melanoma in transgenic BRAFV600E mice

(2009) V K Goel et al.   ONCOGENE

V600EBRAF is associated with disabled feedback inhibition of RAF-MEK signaling and elevated transcriptional output of the pathway

(2009) C. A. Pratilas et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Interruption of the Ras/MEK/ERK signaling cascade enhances Chk1 inhibitor-induced DNA damage in vitro and in vivo in human multiple myeloma cells

(2008) Y. Dai et al.   BLOOD

Acute promyelocytic leukemia: from highly fatal to highly curable

(2008) Z.-Y. Wang et al.   BLOOD

Tumor Cell Metabolism: Cancer's Achilles' Heel

(2008) Guido Kroemer et al.   CANCER CELL

A Small Molecule Disruptor of Rb/Raf-1 Interaction Inhibits Cell Proliferation, Angiogenesis, and Growth of Human Tumor Xenografts in Nude Mice

(2008) R. Kinkade et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Akt3 and Mutant V600EB-Raf Cooperate to Promote Early Melanoma Development

(2008) M. Cheung et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Tandem Duplication Producing a Novel OncogenicBRAFFusion Gene Defines the Majority of Pilocytic Astrocytomas

(2008) David T.W. Jones et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Oxidative Stress Plays a Critical Role in Inactivating Mutant BRAF by Geldanamycin Derivatives

(2008) Y. Fukuyo et al.   CANCER RESEARCH

Tumour cell survival signalling by the ERK1/2 pathway

(2008) K Balmanno et al.   CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION

Raf kinase inhibitory protein: a signal transduction modulator and metastasis suppressor

(2008) Alexey E Granovsky et al.   CELL RESEARCH

The TGFß pathway as a therapeutic target in cancer

(2008) Joan Seoane   Clinical & Translational Oncology

Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP): A physiological regulator and future therapeutic target

(2008) Lingchun Zeng et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS

B-RafV600E Cooperates With Alternative Spliced Rac1b to Sustain Colorectal Cancer Cell Survival

(2008) Paulo Matos et al.   GASTROENTEROLOGY

BRAF gene duplication constitutes a mechanism of MAPK pathway activation in low-grade astrocytomas

(2008) Stefan Pfister et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Survival Signaling by C-RAF: Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species and Ca2+ Are Critical Targets

(2008) A. V. Kuznetsov et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY

B-Raf is required for ERK activation and tumor progression in a mouse model of pancreatic β-cell carcinogenesis

(2008) I Sobczak et al.   ONCOGENE

C-MYC overexpression is required for continuous suppression of oncogene-induced senescence in melanoma cells

(2008) D Zhuang et al.   ONCOGENE

Discovery of a selective inhibitor of oncogenic B-Raf kinase with potent antimelanoma activity

(2008) J. Tsai et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

B-RAF Regulation of Rnd3 Participates in Actin Cytoskeletal and Focal Adhesion Organization

(2007) R. Matthew Klein et al.   MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL