Article
Cell Biology
Bijesh George, Bin Gui, Rajeswari Raguraman, Aswathy Mary Paul, Harikrishna Nakshatri, Madhavan Radhakrishna Pillai, Rakesh Kumar
Summary: This study reveals the impact of AKT1-specific transcriptomic changes on breast cancer cells and identifies the cellular functions of AKT1. The study unexpectedly discovers the inherent role of AKT1 in inhibiting the expression of certain genes in breast cancer cells. The findings provide a resource for further understanding of AKT1-dependent modulation of gene expression in breast cancer cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Soon C. Heo, Jae C. You, Suhan Jung, Yu N. Kim, Sang-Hun Shin, Jae-Yeol Lee, Hyung J. Kim
Summary: This study reveals the important regulatory roles of Pim kinases in periodontal disease, particularly in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activity. Pim-2 acts as a major modulator by regulating the expression of the a3 isoform.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vinayak Walhekar, Chandrakant Bagul, Dileep Kumar, Amol Muthal, Garlapati Achaiah, Ravindra Kulkarni
Summary: Cytosolic PIM kinases play a crucial role in cancer progression, but there are currently no drugs targeting these kinases on the market. Many PIM kinase inhibitors have been developed in recent years, but have not passed clinical trials.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Gabriel Falcao, Joao Dinis Ferreira
Summary: As AI becomes widespread in IoT devices, the data movement bottleneck hinders performance and autonomy. Processing-in-memory (PiM) is a promising solution to address this bottleneck for edge imaging applications that rely on CNNs, ensuring performance, energy efficiency, and accuracy requirements.
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tatsunori Shimoi, Jun Hashimoto, Kazuki Sudo, Akihiko Shimomura, Emi Noguchi, Chikako Shimizu, Mayu Yunokawa, Kan Yonemori, Hiroshi Yoshida, Masayuki Yoshida, Tomoyasu Kato, Takayuki Kinoshita, Takahiro Fukuda, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Kenji Tamura
Summary: The frequency of AKT1 mutations in Asian women with breast cancer and endometrial cancer is relatively low, at 7.4% and 4.1% respectively. AKT1 mutations are more common in HER2-negative breast cancer subtypes and in endometrial cancer with endometrioid histology. The frequencies of AKT1 mutations were similar between Asian and other regional women, and the predictive significance of these mutations in both tumor types is limited due to their low frequency.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Xueye Tian, Dan Liu, Xiaohang Zuo, Xiaoli Sun, Mengmin Wu, Xu Li, Yue Teng
Summary: This study demonstrated that elevated levels of HK2 in human ovarian cancer cells induce EMT-related proteins and reduce cell cycle inhibitors, thereby enhancing cell motility and growth. The activation of Akt1 by HK2 was found to be responsible for these effects. Additionally, a positive correlation between HK2 and Akt1, fibronectin, and MMP9 expression in ovarian cancer samples was observed. The findings suggest that HK2 plays a crucial role in the malignant process of ovarian cancer by interacting with Akt1.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Qian Chen, Lu Li, Xian Liu, Qian Feng, Yanru Zhang, Pengsheng Zheng, Nan Cui
Summary: This study demonstrates that HK2 can enhance cell motility and tumor metastasis in cervical cancer cells by activating Akt1 and inducing FN1, MMP2, and MMP9 expression. There is likely an interactive regulatory mechanism between HK2 and Akt1 during the malignant progression of cervical cancer.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhengyu Qian, Jingwei Ye, Jinteng Li, Yunshu Che, Wenhui Yu, Peitao Xu, Jiajie Lin, Feng Ye, Xiaojun Xu, Zepeng Su, Dateng Li, Zhongyu Xie, Yanfeng Wu, Huiyong Shen
Summary: This study aimed to explore the role of crotonylation in myogenic differentiation and its potential as a target in myogenic dysfunction diseases. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, it was confirmed that crotonylation affects muscle differentiation and the crotonylation eraser HDAC3 regulates myogenic differentiation. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes of muscle injury repair and sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Rachel K. Toth, Noel A. Warfel
Summary: The activation of PIM kinases plays a significant role in cancer progression and resistance to therapy, making them a potential target for improving the efficacy of standard and targeted therapies in cancer treatment. The research on targeting PIM kinases for anticancer therapy has intensified in recent years.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ava Kwong, Cecilia Y. S. Ho, Wing-Pan Luk, Ling-Hiu Fung, Chun-Hang Au, Edmond S. K. Ma
Summary: A study in the Chinese population found that the updated NCCN guidelines for the testing of breast cancer susceptibility genes had a positive effect on the detection rate of germline mutations. However, there is a need to carefully consider the balance between resources and outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ambritha Balasundaram, S. Udhaya Kumar, D. Thirumal Kumar, Aditi Anil Dedge, R. Gnanasambandan, K. Satish Srinivas, R. Siva, C. George Priya Doss
Summary: Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) analysis can detect specific genetic abnormalities in female breast cancer patients, which enables targeted therapy selection, prognosis, and treatment effectiveness monitoring. This study used various methods to determine the pathogenicity of observed mutations and investigate the functional significance of the SMAD4 V465M mutation through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis. The results suggest a significant association between the SMAD4 V465M mutation and breast cancer.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandria L. Shaw, Matthew A. H. Parson, Linda Truebestein, Meredith L. Jenkins, Thomas A. Leonard, John E. Burke
Summary: Akt is a key regulator of cell growth signaling and its hyperactivation is oncogenic. This study used hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry to investigate the conformational changes induced by Akt inhibitors. The findings provide valuable insights for designing targeted therapeutics against Akt.
Article
Oncology
Sini K. Eerola, Annika Kohvakka, Teuvo L. J. Tammela, Paivi J. Koskinen, Leena Latonen, Tapio Visakorpi
Summary: The study found that the oncogenic PIM family kinases are upregulated in prostate cancer, with even higher expression levels in castration-resistant prostate cancer. There is a significant association between upregulated PIM family members and the ERG and MYC oncoproteins, with ERG directly upregulating the expression of PIM genes. These findings suggest a cooperative role of PIM, ERG, and MYC in prostate cancer development and progression, with potential implications for targeted therapies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Harshith Govindappa, Gholamreza Abdi, U. T. Uthappa, Ganesan Sriram, Sung Soo Han, Mahaveer Kurkuri
Summary: This study successfully extracted highly carcinogenic arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) ions from water through the fabrication of a high-performance polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) by adjusting the compositions of the base polymer, carrier, and plasticizer. This research fills the gap in the separation of elements with different oxidation states.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander J. M. Blakes, Emily Gaul, Wayne Lam, Nora Shannon, Karen M. Knapp, Louise S. Bicknell, Meremaihi R. Jackson, Emma M. Wade, Stephen Robertson, Susan M. White, Raoul Heller, Andrew Chase, Diana Baralle, Andrew G. L. Douglas
Summary: The study identifies germline missense variants in ABL1 as the cause of a developmental syndrome, with common features including congenital heart disease, skeletal malformations, characteristic facies, and hearing impairment. Functional analysis shows that these variants lead to increased ABL1 kinase activity, which can be suppressed by imatinib treatment. This suggests a gain-of-function mechanism due to loss of auto-inhibition in ABL1.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Zhijie Xu, Jinzhou Huang, Ming Gao, Guijie Guo, Shuangshuang Zeng, Xi Chen, Xiang Wang, Zhicheng Gong, Yuanliang Yan
Summary: RNA molecules are vulnerable to oxidative stress, with 8-oxoG being a promising biomarker for measuring oxidative stress and aging-related diseases. RNA oxidation has significant implications for signaling pathways and gene regulation in aging-related diseases, emphasizing the importance of considering multiple RNA oxidation adducts in research and clinical trials.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ziqian Wang, Zhixiang Xiao, Chi-Yung Tam, Weijuan Pan, Jilong Chen, Chenxi Hu, Chao Ren, Wei Wei, Song Yang
Summary: The impacts of urbanization and climate change on the thermal environment in July over the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are projected in the near future. Both factors contribute to temperature rise, with climate change intensifying human discomfort. Urbanization leads to more comfortable daytime conditions but uncomfortable nighttime, while climate change significantly increases the Humidex throughout the day. Urbanization plays a smaller role in intensifying human discomfort compared to climate change.
Article
Virology
Meng Xiao, Yuhai Chen, Song Wang, Shasha Liu, Kul Raj Rai, Biao Chen, Fang Li, Yingying Li, Mohamed Maarouf, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: The study identified a lncRNA named IFITM4P, transcribed from a pseudogene, which acts as a positive regulator of innate antiviral immunity by positively influencing the mRNA levels of IFITM family members through interferon signaling. Additionally, IFITM4P was found to be targeted by miR-24-3p and functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to enhance the stability of IFITM mRNAs and inhibit IAV replication.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Lei Wu, Bincai Yang, Xu Yuan, Jinxuan Hong, Min Peng, Ji-Long Chen, Zhongbao Song
Summary: African swine fever is a deadly viral disease that poses a huge threat to the global pig industry. The virus regulates host immune response through various mechanisms, including interferon modulation, inflammation, apoptosis, antigen presentation, and cellular immunity.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Kul Raj Rai, Prasha Shrestha, Bincai Yang, Yuhai Chen, Shasha Liu, Mohamed Maarouf, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: Viral infections can cause widespread diseases in humans, requiring robust immune responses to prevent potentially fatal acute viral infections. While innate immunity plays a crucial role in viral clearance, it can also contribute to disease progression through immune-mediated host tissue injury.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ji-Long Chen, Jennifer Y. Barr, Jonathan J. Zuk, Jacob Gorman, John D. Colgan
Summary: ITK, a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, plays a crucial role in the T cell receptor signaling pathway by restraining signal amplitude and regulating responses by CD4+ T cells.
IMMUNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yun Ma, Guijie Guo, Tingting Li, Faxin Wen, Jianling Yang, Biao Chen, Xuefei Wang, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: The study reveals that lncRNA-IUR1 plays an inhibitory role in Abl-mediated cellular transformation, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Abl-induced leukemogenesis.
Article
Virology
Yingying Li, Shasha Liu, Yuhai Chen, Biao Chen, Meng Xiao, Bincai Yang, Kul Raj Rai, Mohamed Maarouf, Guijie Guo, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: Innate immunity must be tightly controlled to eliminate invading pathogens while avoiding autoimmune or inflammatory diseases. Syk is essential for STAT1 activation at the early stage of IAV infection, but suppresses innate immunity during late phases of IAV infection and thereby promotes IAV replication. Syk deficiency enhances the expression of type I and III interferons, inhibits IAV replication, and renders mice more resistant to IAV infection. Syk impairs innate immune signaling through impeding TBK1 activation.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jinxuan Hong, Xiaojuan Chi, Xu Yuan, Faxin Wen, Kul Raj Rai, Lei Wu, Zhongbao Song, Song Wang, Guijie Guo, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: This study reveals that the ASFV I226R protein impairs the antiviral response by suppressing the activation of NF-kappa B and IRF3, leading to a decrease in interferon expression and interferon-stimulating gene expression.
Article
Virology
Quanming Xu, Yongyi Zhang, Wen Sun, Hong Chen, Dewen Zhu, Chang Lu, Yuanyuan Yin, Kul Raj Rai, Ji-Long Chen, Ye Chen
Summary: This study identified a newly emerging genotype, PCV2e, circulating in southern China, highlighting the need for urgent surveillance and control strategies.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chunyu Li, Yijie Ma, Zifeng Cai, Qianhui Wan, Shimao Tian, Hongxia Ning, Song Wang, Ji-long Chen, Guihong Yang
Summary: This study revealed that hosts treated with neuropeptide S are more susceptible to pseudorabies virus infection and mediate the pathogenesis of the virus.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Kul Raj Rai, Yuan Liao, Mengjuan Cai, Haori Qiu, Faxin Wen, Min Peng, Song Wang, Shasha Liu, Guijie Guo, Xiaojuan Chi, Mohamed Maarouf, Yuhai Chen, Shile Huang, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: In this study, lncRNA-155KO mice lacking most of the lncRNA-155 sequences were found to be more susceptible to influenza virus or pseudorabies virus infection compared to miRNA-155KO mice. The loss of lncRNA-155 resulted in faster body weight loss, poorer survival, and higher viral load. The findings suggest the involvement of lncRNA-155 in regulating viral pathogenesis in addition to miRNA-155. miRNA-155-deleted lncRNA-155 significantly attenuated the viral infection.
Article
Immunology
Xinxin Li, Siya Liu, Kul Raj Rai, Wenzhuo Zhou, Song Wang, Xiaojuan Chi, Guijie Guo, Ji-Long Chen, Shasha Liu
Summary: STAT2, an important transcription factor, is phosphorylated upon viral infection by multiple viruses, including influenza A virus, in an early infection stage. This initial activation of STAT2 is regulated by the RIG-I/MAVS-dependent pathway and is independent of type I IFNs and JAK kinases. Inhibition of STAT2 phosphorylation at Tyr690 compromises antiviral response and facilitates viral replication. MAPK12 and Syk kinases are involved in the early phosphorylation of STAT2 triggered by influenza A virus infection. Inhibition of MAPK12 accelerates influenza virus replication in host.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanwei Zhang, Xiaojuan Chi, Jingyun Hu, Shulin Wang, Senhong Zhao, Yanan Mao, Benqun Peng, Jilong Chen, Song Wang
Summary: Studies have shown that the long noncoding RNA LINC02574 is induced by influenza A virus (IAV) infection and plays a crucial role in inhibiting IAV replication. The expression of LINC02574 is stimulated by viral genomic RNA, poly (I:C), or interferons (IFNs) through the RIG-I-dependent interferon signaling pathway. Knockdown of LINC02574 impairs the expression of type I and type III IFNs, multiple ISGs, and the activation of STAT1 triggered by IAV infection, indicating that LINC02574 positively regulates the innate immune response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Mohamed Maarouf, Lulu Wang, Yiming Wang, Kul Raj Rai, Yuhai Chen, Min Fang, Ji-Long Chen
Summary: circRNAs are abundant and highly stable non-coding RNAs in eukaryotic cells, and they play critical roles in regulating viral infection and replication. They can regulate gene expression through microRNA and protein sponging, as well as encoding small polypeptides. Due to their stability and low immunogenicity, circRNAs also have potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis, RNA vaccines, and antiviral therapy.