Article
Food Science & Technology
Roberto S. Gomez-Zuniga, Ana Wintergerst
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in bite size and intraoral processing between a reference and double portion of four different foods in 8- to 10-year-old children, and to examine whether these differences were influenced by the child's weight status. The results showed that doubling the portion size increased the bite size of the foods by approximately 13%, leading to a decrease in cycles per gram of food. The effects varied among the different foods, but were not dependent on the child's weight status.
JOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
M. Angeles Vargas-Alvarez, Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, Alma E. Diaz, Santiago Navas-Carretero, J. Alfredo Martinez, Eva Almiron-Roig
Summary: Portion control tableware has the potential to effectively manage weight, although the exact mechanisms are unclear. This study found that a calibrated plate with visual stimuli can regulate food intake, induce satiety, and modify meal eating behavior. The plate reduced portion sizes, especially rice, and decreased bite size and eating rate. However, some participants compensated for the reduced intake over the 8-hour period following the meal.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
M. Angeles Vargas-Alvarez, Santiago Navas-Carretero, Luigi Palla, J. Alfredo Martinez, Eva Almiron-Roig
Summary: Using portion control tools such as smaller bowls, spoons, or calibrated plates can significantly impact food intake by reducing serving sizes and help with weight loss, especially driven by calibrated tableware. However, there was no impact on awareness of appropriate portion sizes, indicating the need for further research in this area.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Bogaerts, Ellina Macaeva, Sofie Isebaert, Karin Haustermans
Summary: FLASH radiotherapy is a promising tool in cancer treatment that can enhance therapeutic effects while sparing normal tissues. The biological mechanisms behind the differential effects of FLASH irradiation in normal and cancer cells are still not fully understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Paige M. Cunningham, Liane S. Roe, Kathleen L. Keller, Anouk E. M. Hendriks-Hartensveld, Barbara J. Rolls
Summary: Serving larger portions leads to increased food intake. Measures of eating microstructure did not moderate the portion size effect, but were related to intake across all portions; faster eating rate, larger bite size, higher bite count, and longer meal duration were associated with greater consumption. Sensory-specific satiety was not influenced by eating microstructure or portion size.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kalina Duszka, Markus Hechenberger, Irene Dolak, Deni Kobiljak, Juergen Koenig
Summary: Portion sizes of meals have been increasing and this is related to the onset of obesity. Little research has been done on the influence of body weight on portion size preferences. Factors such as gender, age, hunger, and eating behaviors contribute to portion size choices.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fei Wu, Zhibing Gao, Changlin Luo, Tuo Zhang, Xiangling Zhuang, Guojie Ma
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of unit number and inter-unit distance on perceived food portion size through eye-tracking and behavioral experiments. The results showed that both unit number and inter-unit distance independently influenced the perception of overall portion size, while only the unit number had an effect on the perception of unit portion size. These findings suggest that individuals' perceived portion sizes can be adjusted by varying the inter-unit distance or unit number of foods, leading to more rational portion size decisions.
FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohamed Khedidji, Danila Amoroso, Hania Djani
Summary: Hyperferroelectrics are gaining increasing interest due to their unique property of retaining spontaneous polarization in the presence of a depolarizing field. This property is attributed to the softening of a polar LO mode, but the microscopic mechanisms behind this softening are not completely understood. Phonon calculations and force constants analysis have revealed common features in the dynamical properties of hyperferroelectrics, pointing to a potential enhancement of their properties under increasing external pressure.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ludovico Abenavoli, Giuseppe Guido Maria Scarlata, Maria Rosaria Paravati, Luigi Boccuto, Francesco Luzza, Emidio Scarpellini
Summary: Liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with certain liver conditions, but rejection after transplantation is a significant issue. The gut microbiota is involved in the gut-liver axis and can affect the immune response, potentially leading to graft rejection. Evaluating changes in the gut microbiota composition is essential for monitoring the success of liver transplantation and implementing appropriate preventive measures.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Isabelle M. Lewis, Lucy Boote, Tom Butler
Summary: The study assessed the effect of different types of breakfast cereal on portion size and found that denser cereals were more readily overserved. Encouraging manufacturers to reformulate cereals and improve their nutritional properties may help reduce excess energy intake.
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marlies Braeckmans, Patrick Augustijns, Raf Mols, Cecile Servais, Joachim Brouwers
Summary: This study investigated the postprandial absorption of abiraterone and found that lipids and lipid digestion products affected the solubility, conversion, and permeation of the drug. The interaction between the drug and vesicles and colloidal structures in the simulated fed state media enhanced solubility but limited the conversion and permeation. Experiments with ongoing lipolysis highlighted the importance of dynamic lipid digestion in studying postprandial drug absorption. The in situ perfusion model may be used in future research to optimize in vitro models for evaluating food effects.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Maresca, Valerio Carelli
Summary: Inherited neurodegeneration of the optic nerve is a significant area of research in neurology, mainly involving mitochondrial dysfunction-induced neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the various pathogenic mechanisms is crucial for developing new therapies and addressing the urgent needs of patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Annica Franziska Doersam, Alisa Weiland, Helene Sauer, Katrin Elisabeth Giel, Nanette Stroebele-Benschop, Stephan Zipfel, Paul Enck, Isabelle Mack
Summary: The influence of dishware on portion size perception in children and adolescents is inconclusive. This study found that there were no substantial differences in the intuitive evaluation of portion sizes between children and adolescents with obesity and a normal weight. However, during the cognitive evaluation, those with obesity estimated the amount of water in the glasses more correctly compared to those with a normal weight, while they estimated the food amount in the bowls and plates less accurately.
Article
Plant Sciences
Kristoffer Jonsson, Yuan Ma, Anne-Lise Routier-Kierzkowska, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao
Summary: To survive, plants adapt their body shape by rapidly bending their organs using strategies that differ from those of soft animal tissues. This article attempts to summarize and link different viewpoints on bending mechanisms, including genes and signalling, mathematical modelling, and biomechanics. The authors argue that quantifying cell growth and physical forces can bring a new level of understanding to bending and resolve its paradoxes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andreea-Ioana Inceu, Maria-Adriana Neag, Anca-Elena Craciun, Anca-Dana Buzoianu
Summary: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiovascular issues. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are related comorbidities that have similar cardiovascular risk factors. The use of incretin-based therapies has shown potential in reducing atherosclerosis and heart failure risk through alternative signaling pathways. Gut-derived molecules, gut hormones, and gut microbiota metabolites have both positive and negative effects on cardiometabolic disorders. Inflammation plays a crucial role, but other intracellular signaling pathways may also contribute to the observed effects. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved could lead to new therapeutic strategies and improved knowledge of the gut-metabolic syndrome-cardiovascular disease relationship.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Eric Stice, Sonja Yokum, Kyle Burger, Paul Rohde, Heather Shaw, Jeff M. Gau
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2015)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Susan L. Johnson, Richard E. Boles, Kyle S. Burger
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kyle S. Burger, Eric Stice
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2012)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kyle S. Burger, Eric Stice
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2013)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Eric Stice, Kyle S. Burger, Sonja Yokum
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Stice, Sonja Yokum, Kyle S. Burger
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Stice, Sonja Yokum, Kyle Burger, Leonard Epstein, Andy Smolen
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2012)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Stice, Kyle Burger, Sonja Yokum
Article
Neurosciences
Kyle S. Burger, Eric Stice
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyle S. Burger, Eric Stice
Article
Psychology, Biological
Kyle S. Burger, Laura A. Berner
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2014)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ashley Irwin, Daria Igudesman, Jamie Crandell, Jessica C. Kichler, Anna R. Kahkoska, Kyle Burger, Dessi P. Zaharieva, Ananta Addala, Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis
Summary: This study examined the relationship between mindfulness and glycemia among adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The results showed that increased mindfulness was associated with lower HbA1c levels. However, there was no significant association between mindfulness and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics. The mediation of ingestive behaviors and impulsivity in the relationship between mindfulness and HbA1c was not statistically significant.
PEDIATRIC DIABETES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyle S. S. Burger
Summary: This article proposes a model food reinforcement architecture that identifies maladaptive eating habits leading to obesity using concepts from reinforcement and decision-making. The unique aspect of this model is its integration of neuroscience, computational decision-making, and psychology in mapping overeating and obesity. The model identifies two paths to overeating: hedonic targeting of food cues contributing to impulsive overeating, and lack of satiation contributing to compulsive overeating. The combination of these paths results in a conscious and subconscious drive to overeat, independent of negative consequences, leading to food abuse and/or obesity. By using this model to identify aberrant reinforcement learning processes and decision-making systems as markers of overeating risk, there is potential for early intervention in obesity.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer R. Gilbert, Eric Stice, Kyle S. Burger
JOURNAL OF RACIAL AND ETHNIC HEALTH DISPARITIES
(2018)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kyle S. Burger
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2017)