Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhijun Zhao, Jing Cao, Chaoqun Niu, Menghuan Bao, Jiaqi Xu, Daliang Huo, Shasha Liao, Wei Liu, John R. Speakman
Summary: The study reveals that exposure to a temperature of 32.5 degrees C leads to a reduced lifespan in both mice and hamsters, coinciding with lowered metabolic rate and elevated body temperature. This demonstrates the significant impact of body temperature and metabolic rate on lifespan.
Article
Cell Biology
David G. Le Couteur, Samantha M. Solon-Biet, Benjamin L. Parker, Tamara Pulpitel, Amanda E. Brandon, Nicholas J. Hunt, Jibran A. Wali, Rahul Gokarn, Alistair M. Senior, Gregory J. Cooney, David Raubenheimer, Victoria C. Cogger, David E. James, Stephen J. Simpson
Summary: Diet composition has a significant impact on the hepatic proteome, influencing not only metabolic pathways but also fundamental processes like mitochondrial function and RNA splicing.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Caroline W. S. Hoong, Marvin W. J. Chua
Summary: SGLT2 inhibitors induce glycosuria, reduce insulin levels, and promote fatty acid oxidation, which in turn activate energy deprivation sensors like AMPK and SIRT1 to alleviate metabolic diseases and vascular inflammation. By modulating multiple longevity pathways and reducing oxidative stress-induced tissue damage, SGLT2 inhibitors show promising potential in anti-aging therapeutics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel J. Ham, Anastasiya Boersch, Kathrin Chojnowska, Shuo Lin, Aurel B. Leuchtman, Alexander S. Ham, Marco Thuerkauf, Julien Delezie, Regula Furrer, Dominik Burri, Michael Sinnreich, Christoph Handschin, Lionel A. Tintignac, Mihaela Zavolan, Nitish Mittal, Markus A. Rueegg
Summary: The anti-aging intervention calorie restriction (CR) is thought to act via the nutrient-sensing multiprotein complex mTORC1. However, this study showed that the mTORC1-inhibitor rapamycin and CR use largely distinct mechanisms to slow mouse muscle aging.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeong-Hoon Hahm, Hyo-Deok Seo, Chang Hwa Jung, Jiyun Ahn
Summary: The share of the population that is aging is increasing rapidly, sparking interest in technologies and interventions that can delay the aging process. Dietary restriction has proven to be an effective nutritional intervention for delaying aging and preventing age-related diseases in animal models, with evidence also suggesting similar effects in humans. Recent research has linked the immune system to the effects of dietary restriction and its role in healthy aging. This review examines the effects of dietary restriction on aging and age-related diseases, discusses the molecular mechanisms involved, and highlights the potential role of immunity in mediating the effects of dietary restriction on longevity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamara Dakic, Tanja Jevdjovic, Predrag Vujovic, Aleksandra Mladenovic
Summary: This review summarizes the current literature on caloric restriction as a potential life-prolonging intervention in humans, and discusses the metabolic pathways underlying this effect.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xu Liu, Zengguang Jin, Stephanie Summers, Davina Derous, Min Li, Baoguo Li, Li Li, John R. Speakman
Summary: Caloric restriction, either by reducing food intake or providing diluted diet, is an effective intervention to increase lifespan. However, the effects of caloric dilution are not as prominent as caloric restriction in terms of fat loss, hormonal changes, and metabolic rate. This study suggests that increased hunger signaling under caloric restriction may be a key process mediating its benefits.
Review
Biology
Lewis G. Halsey, Jose L. Areta, Karsten Koehler
Summary: When energy consumption is reduced, people tend to lose weight and their overall metabolic rate decreases. Their cellular metabolic rate may also decrease, indicated by physiological and/or endocrinological changes. This article explores whether the body's metabolic and physiological responses to reduced energy availability differ depending on whether it is induced by calorie restriction or increased activity. Human studies suggest that the body adapts to reduced energy availability by reducing reproductive capacity, somatic maintenance, and hormone levels, regardless of the cause. However, tissue phenotypic responses differ, especially in skeletal tissue, which is preserved in response to exercise but not calorie restriction.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Michelle L. Klima, Kayla A. Kruger, Nitsan Goldstein, Santiago Pulido, Aloysius Y. T. Low, Charles-Antoine Assenmacher, Amber L. Alhadeff, J. Nicholas Betley
Summary: Research shows that food deprivation can reduce inflammation induced by injury, including reducing edema, temperature, and cytokine responses. This anti-inflammatory effect is more potent than that of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is mediated by activity in hypothalamic AgRP neurons.
Article
Business
Timothy G. Kundro, Samir Nurmohamed
Summary: The punishment of cover-ups by in-group third parties is less severe compared to out-group third parties, especially for relational cover-ups. Perceptions of group loyalty play a mediating role in this process.
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Christopher Minteer, Marco Morselli, Margarita Meer, Jian Cao, Albert Higgins-Chen, Sabine M. Lang, Matteo Pellegrini, Qin Yan, Morgan E. Levine
Summary: This study demonstrates that physiologically relevant aging changes can be induced in vitro and used to uncover mechanistic insights into epigenetic aging.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nan Wu, Yi-Cheng Ma, Xin-Qian Gong, Pei-Ji Zhao, Yong-Jian Jia, Qiu Zhao, Jia-Hong Duan, Cheng-Gang Zou
Summary: Metabolism is closely related to aging, and endogenous metabolites may delay aging and improve health. The activation of the transsulfuration pathway is linked to peroxisome function and biogenesis in long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans worms. Supplementation with alpha-ketobutyrate, an intermediate of the transsulfuration pathway, extends lifespan in wild-type worms. Alpha-ketobutyrate enhances NAD(+) production and improves peroxisome function and biogenesis through the SIR-2.1/SIRT1 pathway. It also promotes the expression of genes related to autophagy and lysosomes, ultimately extending lifespan. Alpha-ketobutyrate also delays cellular senescence in fibroblast cells. Understanding how metabolites modulate longevity is crucial for reducing aging-related disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kengo Watanabe, Tomasz Wilmanski, Priyanka Baloni, Max Robinson, Gonzalo G. Garcia, Michael R. Hoopmann, Mukul K. Midha, David H. Baxter, Michal Maes, Seamus R. Morrone, Kelly M. Crebs, Charu Kapil, Ulrike Kusebauch, Jack Wiedrick, Jodi Lapidus, Lance Pflieger, Christopher Lausted, Jared C. Roach, Gwenlyn Glusman, Steven R. Cummings, Nicholas J. Schork, Nathan D. Price, Leroy Hood, Richard A. Miller, Robert L. Moritz, Noa Rappaport
Summary: Aging is characterized by progressive deterioration in homeostasis, which requires a systems-level perspective to investigate the molecular dysregulation of underlying biological processes. This study examines the systemic changes in molecular regulation of biological processes under different lifespan-extending interventions. The findings suggest that these interventions generally tighten the regulation of biological modules, particularly in processes such as fatty acid oxidation, immune response, and stress response.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Sarah Seite, Mark C. Harrison, David Sillam-Dusses, Roland Lupoli, Tom J. M. van Dooren, Alain Robert, Laure-Anne Poissonnier, Arnaud Lemainque, David Renault, Sebastien Acket, Muriel Andrieu, Jose Viscarra, Hei Sook Sul, Z. Wilhelm de Beer, Erich Bornberg-Bauer, Mireille Vasseur-Cognet
Summary: The study reveals that the long lifespan of kings and queens in eusocial termites is associated with gene expression differences that reduce aging-related processes and enhance DNA damage repair and mitochondrial functions. Additionally, the downregulation of antioxidant gene expression and decrease in peroxidability of membranes contribute to the longevity. Surprisingly, an upregulation of components of the IIS pathway in fat bodies of reproductives, including insulin-like peptide Ilp9, does not lead to excessive fat storage in queens, suggesting a complex mechanism in maintaining their fertility.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kengo Watanabe, Tomasz Wilmanski, Priyanka Baloni, Max Robinson, Gonzalo G. Garcia, Michael R. Hoopmann, Mukul K. Midha, David H. Baxter, Michal Maes, Seamus R. Morrone, Kelly M. Crebs, Charu Kapil, Ulrike Kusebauch, Jack Wiedrick, Jodi Lapidus, Lance Pflieger, Christopher Lausted, Jared C. Roach, Gwenlyn Glusman, Steven R. Cummings, Nicholas J. Schork, Nathan D. Price, Leroy Hood, Richard A. Miller, Robert L. Moritz, Noa Rappaport
Summary: This study investigates the molecular regulation of biological processes in the liver under different lifespan-extending interventions. The results show that these interventions generally tighten the regulation of biological modules, particularly in fatty acid oxidation, immune response, and stress response. Differences between proteins and transcripts suggest a mechanism involving cap-independent translation. Integrated analysis also supports systemic shifts in fatty acid metabolism.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah Maria Barneze Costa, Raghavendra Lakshmana Shetty Hallur, David Rafael Abreu Reyes Postdoc, Juliana Ferreira Floriano Postdoc, Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes, Helio Rubens de Carvalho Nunes, Luis Sobrevia, Paola Valero, Angelica Mercia Pascon Barbosa, Marilza Cunha Vieira Rudge
Summary: This study aimed to assess maternal dietary intake patterns, anthropometric measures, and biochemical markers in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence. The results showed that pregnant women in the gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence group had higher body mass index, arm circumference, and triceps skinfold than the other groups, indicating an obesogenic maternal environment. Significant differences in dietary food intake were also observed. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive strategy for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence to address obesity and micronutrient deficiencies.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aikaterina Vasileiou, Dominique Searle, Sofus C. Larsen, Faidon Magkos, Graham Horgan, R. James Stubbs, Ines Santos, Antonio L. Palmeira, Berit L. Heitmann
Summary: The study compared self-reported total energy intake with total energy expenditure estimated from Fitbit Charge 2 algorithms. The results showed that self-reported energy intake was generally lower than energy expenditure, and the degree of underestimation varied among different populations.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ziya Erokay Metin, Ozge Mengi Celik, Nevra Koc
Summary: This study demonstrates a significant relationship between climate change awareness and sustainable and healthy eating behaviors as well as adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carolline Santos Miranda, Flavia Maria Silva-Veiga, Daiana Araujo Santana-Oliveira, Isabela Macedo Lopes Vasques-Monteiro, Julio Beltrame Daleprane, Vanessa Souza-Mello
Summary: This study investigates the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activation on thermogenic pathways and mitochondrial metabolism in mouse adipose tissue. The results show that activation of PPARa and dual PPARa/y can reduce body mass, mitigate insulin resistance, and induce browning in white adipose tissue. Preserved mitochondrial metabolism emerges as a potential target for obesity treatment using PPAR agonists, with possible clinical applications.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qi Ren, Hao-Fan Wu, Ding-Ye Yu, Feng-Min Zhang, Zi-Le Shen, Guo-Wei Huang, Feng Lin, Wei-Zhe Chen, Zhen Yu
Summary: The study aimed to develop a nomogram incorporating preoperative factors for predicting low skeletal muscle mass index and low skeletal muscle radiodensity. The models were calibrated and assessed for their predictive ability using training and validation cohorts, and the clinical usefulness was evaluated using decision curve analysis.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ruben Castillo-Ortega, Juan Vega-Vargas, Samuel Duran-Aguero
Summary: This study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with type 1 diabetes experienced decreased adherence to diabetes care, leading to an increase in HbA1c levels, BMI, impaired linear growth, and more hospitalizations. The shift to telemedicine as the main healthcare service also had significant effects on diabetes management.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yi-Hsiu Chen, Jung-An Lin, Jiun-Rong Chen, Ya-Ling Chen, Suh-Ching Yang
Summary: Regular nutrition consultations have been shown to have significant effects on reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors, especially for individuals with obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jacinta Winderlich, Bridget Little, Felix Oberender, Tessa Bollard, Tamara Farrell, Samantha Jenkins, Emma Landorf, Andrea McCall, Jessica Menzies, Katie O. ' Brien, Carla Rowe, Kirsten Sim, Melanie van der Wilk, Jemma Woodgate, Eldho Paul, Andrew A. Udy, Emma J. Ridley
Summary: The study aims to describe nutrition provision in Australian and New Zealand pediatric intensive care units, assess the adequacy of enteral nutrition, and evaluate the methods for estimating energy and protein requirements.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xi Zhang, Jia-Xin Huang, Meng Tang, Qi Zhang, Li Deng, Chun-Hua Song, Wei Li, Han-Ping Shi, Ming-Hua Cong
Summary: The study found that the modified Controlling Nutritional Status system, which includes C-reactive protein as an inflammatory parameter, is more accurate than the traditional system in predicting the survival of patients with cancer cachexia. High Controlling Nutritional Status and modified Controlling Nutritional Status are both independent risk factors for survival and have a negative impact on survival in patients with advanced-stage cancers, such as esophagogastric and colorectal cancer.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karolien Dams, Gregory R. A. De Meyer, Rita Jacobs, Tom Schepens, Stany Perkisas, Greta Moorkens, Philippe Jorens
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the development of muscle atrophy in COVID-19 intensive care unit patients and its relationship with hospital outcomes. The results showed that the difference in muscle thickness was linked to the outcome, with the best survival observed in the group with stable muscle thickness.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bruna Clemente Cota, Mariana de Santis Filgueiras, Patricia Feliciano Pereira, Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol, Juliana Farias de Novaes
Summary: This study found that higher consumption of ultra-processed food (UPF) and a diet consisting of high proinflammatory foods were associated with the normal-weight obesity (NWO) phenotype in children.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victor Nogueira da Cruz Silveira, Cleber Lopes Campelo, Antonio Luis Rodrigues da Costa, Patricia Maria Abreu Machado, Ana Karina Teixeira da Cunha Franca, Alcione Miranda dos Santos
Summary: This psychometric study proposed a scale for estimating the consumption of ultra processed foods using item response theory. The study used data from a representative sample of 2515 adolescents aged 18 and 19 from Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium. The findings demonstrated that the proposed scale can accurately estimate the consumption of ultra processed foods and is correlated with latent traits related to food consumption.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dehao Yang, Jiaqi Huang, Jingyu Hu, Minyue Zhang, Haobo Xie, Yilin Chen, Yining Jin, Zerui Jiang, Yanchu Wang, Jinrong Zhu, Xin Lu, Siqi Chen, Yiyun Weng, Guangyong Chen
Summary: This study investigates the association between malnutrition and 6-month outcomes in acute ischemic stroke patients with or without intravenous thrombolysis. The results show a significant association between malnutrition and poor functional outcome.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ainoa Cristina de Oliveira Candido, Felipe Silva Neves, Vanessa Sequeira Fontes, Adriana Soares Torres Melo, Eliane Rodrigues de Faria, Michele Pereira Netto, Renata Maria Souza Oliveira, George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho, Ana Paula Carlos Candido
Summary: This study investigated the frequency of breakfast consumption and its associations with the consumption of food at different degrees of industrial processing and with overweight indicators in Brazilian adolescents. The results showed that 20% of adolescents skipped breakfast and 46% of their caloric intake came from ultra-processed foods. Skipping breakfast was associated with increased consumption of ultra-processed foods, higher BMI-for-age, and higher body fat percentage.
