期刊
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS
卷 34, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS
DOI: 10.3171/2013.2.FOCUS1317
关键词
intracerebral hemorrhage; secondary brain injury; pathophysiology; therapeutic intervention; animal model; neuroprotection
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a higher degree of morbidity and mortality than other stroke subtypes. Despite this burden, currently approved treatments have demonstrated limited efficacy. To date, therapeutic strategies have principally targeted hematoma expansion and resultant mass effect. However, secondary mechanisms of brain injury are believed to be critical effectors of cell death and neurological outcome following ICH. This article reviews the pathophysiology of secondary brain injury relevant to ICH, examines pertinent experimental models, and highlights emerging therapeutic strategies. Treatment paradigms discussed include thrombin inhibitors, deferoxamine, minocycline, statins, granulocyte-colony stimulating factors, and therapeutic hypothermia. Despite promising experimental and preliminary human data, further studies are warranted prior to effective clinical translation.
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