Article
Neurosciences
Kimberly Reinhold, Arbora Resulaj, Massimo Scanziani
Summary: The state of a mammal's behavior affects how the brain responds to visual stimuli, particularly in the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus, which is responsible for relaying visual information to the cortex. Silencing cortico-thalamic feedback in male and female mice reduces state-dependent differences in dLGN neuron responses to visual stimuli, both in terms of temporal and spatial features. These findings highlight the importance of cortico-thalamic feedback in the state-dependent shift of early visual processing.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
David McAlpine, Livia de Hoz
Summary: Analyzing complex auditory scenes relies on learning the statistical structure of sounds in those scenes. The listening brain achieves this by analyzing the statistical structure of acoustic environments and distinguishing between background and foreground sounds. The interplay between feedforward and feedback pathways, known as listening loops, plays a critical role in the auditory brain's ability to adapt to different time scales and tailor neural responses to sound environments. Understanding the role of listening loops at different scales of investigation and their impact on background detection can reveal the fundamental processes that transform hearing into the essential task of listening.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yaqin Yu, Weihong Yan, Xin Xu, Kaili Zhang, Lihong Si, Xiaolei Liu, Jinyu Wang, Junling Song, Huanxin Sun, Xinyi Li
Summary: Reflexive saccadic performance is abnormal in Parkinson's disease (PD) and worsens with cognitive decline. There is a negative correlation between prolonged latency and MMSE scores, which may make reflexive saccades a potential predictor for cognitive decline in PD.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Olivier Codol, Mehrdad Kashefi, Christopher J. Forgaard, Joseph M. Galea, J. Andrew Pruszynski, Paul L. Gribble
Summary: Although it is known that motivation can improve motor performance, the mechanisms behind this improvement are unclear. This study systematically tested the effects of reward on different feedback loops in humans and found that only the fastest loops were insensitive to reward. The earliest reward-driven changes were an increase in feedback gains rather than a reduction in response latency. These findings have potential implications for athletic coaching, suggesting that reward-sensitive feedback responses should be specifically targeted for improvement.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew Hamilton, Jonathan Salerno, Alexandra Paige Fischer
Summary: The study evaluates the significance and function of feedback loops embedded within cognitive maps among stakeholders in a fire-prone region in the U.S. West. The findings indicate that cognition of feedback loops is limited among individuals but becomes prominent within groups, highlighting the importance of collaborative decision-making and identifying areas of cognitive biases.
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Brett A. Clementz, David A. Parker, Rebekah L. Trotti, Jennifer E. McDowell, Sarah K. Keedy, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Elliot S. Gershon, Elena I. Ivleva, Ling-Yu Huang, S. Kristian Hill, John A. Sweeney, Olivia Thomas, Matthew Hudgens-Haney, Robert D. Gibbons, Carol A. Tamminga
Summary: The current clinical phenomenological diagnosis in psychiatry lacks the ability to capture biologically homologous disease entities. A biomarker approach, termed Psychosis Biotypes, has successfully identified neurobiological homology in cases with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar I disorder with psychosis. Different Psychosis Biotypes show distinct neurobiological characteristics, which may offer meaningful targets for treatments and etiological investigations.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick G. Bissett, Henry M. Jones, Russell A. Poldrack, Gordon D. Logan
Summary: The stop-signal paradigm, based on race models, shows severe violations of the independence assumption at short stop-signal delays (SSDs) across various conditions. Existing data may need to be reanalyzed, and adjustments to models are necessary to accommodate this finding.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Niels Bergsland, Ralph H. B. Benedict, Michael G. Dwyer, Tom A. Fuchs, Dejan Jakimovski, Ferdinand Schweser, Eleonora Tavazzi, Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, Robert Zivadinov
Summary: The study found that compared to healthy controls, multiple sclerosis patients had smaller thalamic nuclei volumes and worse neuroperformance assessments. The various thalamic nuclei showed different levels of correlation with clinical disability, and assessing individual thalamic nuclei volumes can help understand the relationship between thalamic pathology and MS-related disability.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Behler, Antje Knehr, Julia Finsel, Martin S. Kunz, Christina Lang, Kathrin Mueller, Hans-Peter Mueller, Elmar H. Pinkhardt, Albert C. Ludolph, Dorothee Lule, Jan Kassubek
Summary: Even in apparently asymptomatic carriers of ALS/FTD genes, there are associations between oculomotor parameters and executive function and cognition, with C9orf72 mutation carriers showing more pronounced dysfunctions. The anti-saccade error rate in ALS mutation carriers, especially in C9orf72 carriers, is correlated with cognitive deficits, indicating potential early indicators of neurodegenerative changes in these mutation carriers.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Guttuso, Daniel Sirica, Duygu Tosun, Robert Zivadinov, Ofer Pasternak, Daniel Weintraub, Francesca Baglio, Niels Bergsland
Summary: This study assessed the free water content changes in cognitive-relevant brain regions in early Parkinson's disease patients and their correlation with cognitive decline over time and baseline cognitive status. Results showed that free water was the most robust assessment modality for these outcomes and may assist in identifying cognition protective therapies in clinical trials.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hana El-Samad
Summary: Cells utilize feedback control mechanisms to regulate growth, division, repair, and responses to environmental changes, maintaining homeostasis of tissues and organs. Understanding the properties and challenges of biological feedback control networks is key to unraveling the essence of life.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Javier Baladron, Fred H. Hamker
Summary: Initial understanding of cortex-basal ganglia interactions suggested segregated cortico-basal ganglia-cortical loops for cognitive functions. However, recent evidence reveals at least 4 ways of interaction between different loops. Incorporating this evidence into neuro-computational models provides new avenues for understanding cognitive functions. Using a hierarchical neuro-computational model, the interaction between loops can explain behavioral data linked to the ideomotor theory.
COGNITIVE COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
David Sanchez-Marin, Samuel Trujano-Camacho, Carlos Perez-Plasencia, David Cantu De Leon, Alma D. Campos-Parra
Summary: This review summarizes the feedback loops regulated by lncRNAs to promote drug resistance and proposes strategies to identify and understand these feedback loops. This knowledge is crucial for optimizing the therapeutic use of oncological drugs.
Article
Neurosciences
Laura J. Benoit, Emma S. Holt, Lorenzo Posani, Stefano Fusi, Alexander Z. Harris, Sarah Canetta, Christoph Kellendonk
Summary: The study reveals that inhibiting the thalamus during adolescence can lead to long-lasting changes in prefrontal cortex function and behavior, highlighting the importance of thalamic activity in the maturation of prefrontal circuits. These findings provide insights into the potential mechanisms underlying neurodevelopmental disorders.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Aurore Menegaux, Chun Meng, Josef G. Baeuml, Maria T. Berndt, Dennis M. Hedderich, Benita Schmitz-Koep, Sebastian Schneider, Rachel Nuttall, Juliana Zimmermann, Marcel Daamen, Claus Zimmer, Henning Boecker, Peter Bartmann, Dieter Wolke, Christian Sorg
Summary: The study found aberrant cortico-thalamic structural connectivity in very premature-born adults, which is linked with impairments in verbal cognitive abilities and related to the degree of prematurity. These changes may persist into adulthood after premature birth, based on corresponding findings in infants.
Article
Neurosciences
J. Patrick Mayo, Amie R. DiTomasso, Marc A. Sommer, Matthew A. Smith
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Psychology
Hanna Oh, Jeffrey M. Beck, Pingping Zhu, Marc A. Sommer, Silvia Ferrari, Tobias Egner
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Valeria C. Caruso, Daniel S. Pages, Marc A. Sommer, Jennifer M. Groh
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Neurosciences
Hrishikesh M. Rao, J. Patrick Mayo, Marc A. Sommer
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Ophthalmology
Hrishikesh M. Rao, Zachary M. Abzug, Marc A. Sommer
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Hrishikesh M. Rao, Juan San Juan, Fred Y. Shen, Jennifer E. Villa, Kimia S. Rafie, Marc A. Sommer
FRONTIERS IN COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Hanna Oh-Descher, Jeffrey M. Beck, Silvia Ferrari, Marc A. Sommer, Tobias Egner
Article
Neurosciences
Valeria C. Caruso, Daniel S. Pages, Marc A. Sommer, Jennifer M. Groh
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Zachary M. Abzug, Marc A. Sommer
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL LEARNING AND COGNITION
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna S. Mitchell, S. Murray Sherman, Marc A. Sommer, Robert G. Mair, Robert P. Vertes, Yogita Chudasama
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Neurosciences
Jerel K. Mueller, Erinn M. Grigsby, Vincent Prevosto, Frank W. Petraglia, Hrishikesh Rao, Zhi-De Deng, Angel V. Peterchev, Marc A. Sommer, Tobias Egner, Michael L. Platt, Warren M. Grill
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Hrishikesh M. Rao, Rajan Khanna, David J. Zielinski, Yvonne Lu, Jillian M. Clements, Nicholas D. Potter, Marc A. Sommer, Regis Kopper, Lawrence G. Appelbaum
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2018)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
David J. Zielinski, Hrishikesh M. Rao, Nicholas D. Potter, Marc A. Sommer, Lawrence G. Appelbaum, Regis Kopper
2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON 3D USER INTERFACES (3DUI)
(2016)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ramanujan T. Raghavan, Vincent Prevosto, Marc A. Sommer
CURRENT OPINION IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2016)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Cybernetics
David J. Zielinski, Hrishikesh M. Rao, Mark A. Sommer, Regis Kopper
2015 IEEE VIRTUAL REALITY CONFERENCE (VR)
(2015)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
