Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyle R. Jensen, Coralie Berthoux, Kaoutsar Nasrallah, Pablo E. Castillo
Summary: Recurrent excitatory neural networks in the hippocampus involving excitatory mossy cells (MCs) can promote epilepsy. Physiologically relevant activity patterns of MCs induce robust presynaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) of MC-GC transmission. Type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1Rs) at MC axon terminals play a crucial role in modulating presynaptic metaplasticity and excitatory transmission onto granule cells (GCs).
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Li, S. Thameem Dheen, Fengru Tang, Yumin Luo, Ran Meng, Tay Sam Wah Samuel, Lan Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the miRNA expression profiles in the hippocampal areas of mice before and after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and predicted the downstream proteins and related pathways. The results showed that the miRNA expression patterns were closely related to epileptogenesis in different time points and subfields. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying epilepsy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eri Tabuchi, Takeshi Sakaba, Yuki Hashimotodani
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that glutamate and GABA can be coreleased from the same presynaptic terminals in certain adult brain regions, such as the SuM-DG pathway. The LTP of glutamatergic transmission selectively increases excitatory drive, contributing to network activity in the DG region.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Gaifen Li, Jia Liu, Yuying Guan, Xunming Ji
Summary: Hypoxia plays a crucial role in regulating various cell functions, including stem cells and neural stem cells. Hypoxia stimulation in specific brain regions can promote proliferation, migration, and maturation of neural stem cells, potentially offering a promising strategy for treating central nervous system diseases.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Can Dong, Antoine D. Madar, Mark E. J. Sheffield
Summary: The study found that CA1 and CA3 play different roles in spatial memory processing. Place fields in CA1 emerge rapidly but tend to shift backwards from trial-to-trial and remap upon re-exposure to the environment a day later, while place fields in CA3 develop gradually and show more stable trial-to-trial and day-to-day dynamics, indicating distinct functional roles in representing space for each subfield.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sashrika Pillay, Adhil Bhagwandin, Mads F. Bertelsen, Nina Patzke, Gerhard Engler, Andreas K. Engel, Paul R. Manger
Summary: The study compared the hippocampal formation of two carnivoran species, the banded mongoose and domestic ferret, using staining techniques. Despite differences, both species showed similarities in major hippocampal structures and similar rates of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. However, subtle variations in chemoarchitecture were also observed between the two species.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zahra Esmaili, Maryam Naseh, Fatemeh Karimi, Maryam Moosavi
Summary: This study found that ingestion of Al-NP could cause memory impairment, decreased hippocampal volume, reduced cell number, and increased cleaved caspase-3. These results provide new mechanistic insight to understand the impairing effect of Al-NP on hippocampal function and structure.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shayan Aliakbari, Mohammad Sayyah, Hadi Mirzapourdelavar, Niloufar Amini, Naser Naghdi, Hamid Gholami Pourbadie
Summary: EC amyloidopathy leads to impaired synaptic transmission and memory deficits, while overexpression of PKM zeta in DG enhances synaptic responses and improves memory performance, suggesting PKM zeta may serve as a potential therapeutic target for early stage AD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
George Z. Wei, Sujata Saraswat Ohri, Nicolas K. Khattar, Adam W. Listerman, Catherine H. Doyle, Kariena R. Andres, Saravanan S. Karuppagounder, Rajiv R. Ratan, Scott R. Whittemore, Michal Hetman
Summary: PHD inhibition can reduce neuronal death driven by ATF4, but does not improve long-term hindlimb locomotion or increase chronic white matter sparing after SCI. In the context of traumatic CNS pathologies involving acute white matter injury, PHDs may not be suitable targets for improving outcomes.
Article
Physiology
Mikhail Burmakin, Angelica Fasching, Hanako Kobayashi, Andres A. Urrutia, Anastasios Damdimopoulos, Fredrik Palm, Volker H. Haase
Summary: The study reveals that systemic administration of HIF-PHIs in rats leads to a dose-dependent reduction in renovascular resistance, along with increased glomerular filtration rate, urine flow, and tubular sodium transport rate. However, higher doses of HIF-PHIs also result in a decrease in metabolic efficiency.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jennifer M. Noto, M. Blanca Piazuelo, Judith Romero-Gallo, Alberto G. Delgado, Giovanni Suarez, Konstantina Akritidou, Miguel Girod Hoffman, Juan Carlos Roa, Cormac T. Taylor, Richard M. Peek Jr
Summary: HIF-1α plays a crucial role in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric injury and is involved in protecting against inflammation and bacterial virulence.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Eric J. Devor, Donna A. Santillan, Akshaya Warrier, Sabrina M. Scroggins, Mark K. Santillan
Summary: The study revealed that PLAC1 transcription is suppressed in preeclampsia-affected placentas, with the suppression driven in part through the P2 promoter. Additionally, the MED1-TRAP cofactor complex was identified as a hypoxia-sensitive driver of PLAC1 down-regulation.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alborz Noorani, Peter Shih-Ping Hung, Jia Y. Zhang, Kaylee Sohng, Normand Laperriere, Massieh Moayedi, Mojgan Hodaie
Summary: Chronic pain patients often experience memory and concentration difficulties, and studies have shown a connection between chronic pain and memory deficits in the hippocampus. However, the effect of pain relief on hippocampal abnormalities remains unknown. This study examines patients with trigeminal neuralgia and finds that pain relief can normalize hippocampal structures.
Article
Neurosciences
Yahan Zhang, Qiushi Gao, Ziyi Wu, Hang Xue, Ping Zhao
Summary: SPC can repair hippocampal injury after HIE by promoting neural migration, potentially through inhibiting overactivated Reelin/Dab1 pathway.
NEUROTOXICITY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Armando Luis Negri
Summary: The morbidity and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are closely related to vascular calcification. Recent studies have shown that under low oxygen conditions, hypoxia can activate the HIF-1 pathway, causing vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to transform into bone-forming cells, leading to vascular calcification. Inhibition of the HIF-1 pathway can prevent this differentiation. The combination of phosphate and hypoxia further enhances VSMC calcification. The use of prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors to treat anemia in CKD patients and its effect on vascular calcification needs further exploration.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Ken D. O'Halloran
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Ken D. O'Halloran
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Anthony L. Marullo, Ken D. O'Halloran
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ben T. Murphy, John J. Mackrill, Ken D. O'Halloran
Summary: Cancer cachexia is a syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle loss and functional impairment, affecting a large percentage of cancer patients. Respiratory failure due to muscle atrophy and dysfunction is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cachectic cancer patients. However, there is limited research on the respiratory musculature in cancer, with most studies focusing on limb muscles. Exercise, as a potential intervention, has received little attention. This review explores the molecular basis of cachexia and the role of exercise in protecting respiratory muscles in cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Aoife D. Slyne, Ken D. O'Halloran
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Ken D. D. O'Halloran
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Ben T. T. Murphy, Ken D. D. O'Halloran
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Anthony L. Marullo, Ken D. O'Halloran
Summary: This review focuses on the role of gut microbial signalling in skeletal muscle maintenance and development, and identifies potential therapeutic targets for progressive muscle degenerative diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Aoife D. Slyne, Ken D. O'Halloran
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martina Puzio, Niamh Moreton, Mairead Sullivan, Caitriona Scaife, Jeffrey C. Glennon, John J. O'Connor
Summary: Metabolic stress and ROS production contribute to neuronal damage and synaptic plasticity in acute ischemic stroke. MnTMPyP has a neuroprotective effect in hippocampal slices and regulates synaptic transmission during hypoxia and OGD. This study investigates the molecular changes and mechanisms involved in the effect of MnTMPyP, revealing impairments in vesicular trafficking and cell differentiation signaling. These findings provide insights into the role of MnTMPyP in synaptic transmission and plasticity during ischemia.
Article
Pediatrics
Minoo Ashoori, John M. O'Toole, Ken D. O'Halloran, Gunnar Naulaers, Liesbeth Thewissen, Jan Miletin, Po-Yin Cheung, Afif EL-Khuffash, David Van Laere, Zbynek Stranak, Eugene M. Dempsey, Fiona B. McDonald
Summary: This study aimed to test the potential utility of applying machine learning methods to detect brain injury in extremely preterm infants using regional cerebral (rcSO(2)) and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) signals. The analysis of a subset of infants in a clinical trial showed that data-driven desaturation (PRD) in rcSO(2) could better predict brain injury compared to a threshold-based approach.
Editorial Material
Physiology
Aoife D. Slyne, Fiona B. Mcdonald, Ken D. O'Halloran
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Ken D. O'Halloran
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ken D. O'Halloran, Michael N. Maxwell, Anthony L. Marullo, Chantelle P. Hamilton, Sean C. Murchu, David P. Burns, Conor M. Mahony, Aoife D. Slyne, Sarah E. Drummond
Summary: Despite diaphragm weakness, peak inspiratory performance is preserved in young dystrophin-deficient mdx mice due to compensation by extra-diaphragmatic muscles. However, loss of compensation in advanced dystrophic disease leads to compromised respiratory system function.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sarah E. Drummond, David P. Burns, Sarah El Maghrani, Oscar Ziegler, Vincent Healy, Ken D. O'Halloran
Summary: Chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced redox alterations cause diaphragm muscle dysfunction. NADPH oxidase 2-derived reactive oxygen species are involved in these changes, leading to impaired muscle performance. Blocking NOX2 or deleting NOX2 effectively prevents diaphragm muscle dysfunction caused by chronic intermittent hypoxia. NOX2 inhibition does not affect NOX2 expression, but increases NOX4 mRNA expression. NOX-dependent changes in genes related to muscle regeneration, antioxidant capacity, and autophagy and atrophy are observed in response to chronic intermittent hypoxia. Therapeutic strategies targeting NOX2 may improve diaphragm muscle performance and reduce disease burden in conditions characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia exposure.
Article
Neurosciences
Nihal A. Salem, Lawrence Manzano, Michael W. Keist, Olga Ponomareva, Amanda J. Roberts, Marisa Roberto, R. Dayne Mayfield
Summary: This study identified cell-type specific gene expression changes associated with alcohol dependence in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice. The results revealed dysregulated gene co-expression networks and differentially expressed genes in multiple cell types, highlighting the involvement of inhibitory neurons and astrocytes in alcohol dependence. Novel targets for studying molecular mechanisms contributing to alcohol dependence were also identified.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura E. Hawley, Megan Stringer, Abigail J. Deal, Andrew Folz, Charles R. Goodlett, Randall J. Roper
Summary: This study found that the overexpression of DYRK1A protein in Down syndrome mice varies with age, sex, and brain region, and reducing the copy number of Dyrk1a can decrease the expression of DYRK1A. These sex-specific patterns of DYRK1A overexpression may provide mechanistic targets for therapeutic intervention in Down syndrome.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2024)