Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ziqian Wang, Meng Gao, Tonghua Yu, Siyuan Zhou, Mingquan Xu, Motoaki Hirayama, Ryotaro Arita, Yuki Shiomi, Wu Zhou, Naoki Ogawa
Summary: Stacking order plays a significant role in the properties of van der Waals layered magnets, and recent studies suggest possible different stackings in few-layer crystals. This study combines atomic-scale electron microscopy and theoretical calculations to show that while the bulk stacking persists in bilayers of MnPS3, the local rippling effect lifts the monoclinic symmetry of the few layers. This finding reveals the impact of rippling on the microscopic symmetry of two-dimensional materials and suggests the possibility of approaching the two-dimensional Neel antiferromagnetic honeycomb lattice in MnPS3 without reaching monolayer thickness.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nadine Eissmann, Uwe Muehle, Uwe Gaitzsch, Gunnar Walther, Thomas Weissgaerber, Bernd Kieback
Summary: The effect of titanium addition beyond the solubility limit was investigated to demonstrate the precipitation hardening possibility of the Cantor alloy CoCrFeMnNi. Following appropriate heat treatment, a significant increase in hardness was detected due to nanometer-sized precipitates identified through TEM analysis.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Baris Yavas, Cain J. Hung, Mingxuan Li, Rainer J. Hebert, S. Pamir Alpay, Mark Aindow
Summary: Laser glazing in a powder bed fusion instrument was used to evaluate the microstructure of an Al85Cu6Fe3Cr6 alloy, revealing the presence of I-phase quasicrystals, Al2Cu, and FCC Al. Laser tracks produced under different conditions showed a fine and uniform phase mixture with over 70% I-phase, a thin film of Al2Cu, and no cracking or macrosegregation. The reasons for the formation of I-phase instead of the previously reported D-phase in this alloy were discussed.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qiang Yang, Xiaohan Wu, Wei Zhang, Zixaing Yan, Guodong Tong, Xuegang Chen, Shuhui Lv, Tao Xu, Jun Li, Xin Qiu
Summary: An ultrathin wall Mg-8Zn-8Al alloy with coarse ix-Mg grains, ultra-fine beta-Mg grains, and nano-sized icosahedral quasicrystal phase particles has been manufactured by high-pressure die casting. The alloy exhibits outstanding strength and acceptable elongation. The observations through HAADF-STEM reveal possible amorphous regions, C-containing phase and/or MgO aggregations, and Zn-rich clusters and pyramidal precipitates. The combination of ultra-fine grains and the skeleton consisting of nano-sized I-phase particles and solutes contributes to the ultra-high strength. In addition, the study indicates the unavoidable interaction of alloy melt with CO2 during ultra-thin wall HPDC and the possibility of pyramidal precipitation in Zn-containing magnesium alloys.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Feng-Hui Gong, Yu-Ting Chen, Yin-Lian Zhu, Yun-Long Tang, Heng Zhang, Yu-Jia Wang, Bo Wu, Jia-Qi Liu, Tong-Tong Shi, Li-Xin Yang, Chang-Ji Li, Yan-Peng Feng, Xiu-Liang Ma
Summary: This work investigates the domain evolution and topological properties of ultrathin PbTiO3 (PTO) films using Cs-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), reciprocal space mapping (RSM), and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). It is found that when the thickness of PTO films is less than 6 nm, there is a coexistence of a/c domains and bowl-like topological structures, identified as convergent and divergent types of meron. Abundant 90 degrees charged domain walls are also identified. PFM studies confirm the ferroelectric properties of these ultrathin PTO films.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
M. A. Mazo, A. C. Caballero, J. Rubio
Summary: In this study, cheap, abundant, and easily-obtained carbon fillers such as graphite and carbon black were successfully incorporated into a silicon oxycarbide matrix to obtain dense crack-free bulk composites with enhanced electrical and thermal conductivities. Raman parameters were crucial for understanding the electronic and/or phonon transport in the composites.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Munmun Basak, Md Lutfor Rahman, Md Farid Ahmed, Bristy Biswas, Nahid Sharmin
Summary: Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using co-precipitation technique with different precipitating agents, affecting the structure and size distribution. Various analysis methods showed highly correlated results, with SSP method being the most compatible.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Willum Hansen, Marc Willinger
Summary: Catalysis is a highly complex phenomenon involving fundamental processes on multiple length scales. The understanding of the full-scale complexity of catalysis is still limited, and the experimental documentation of how atomic-scale processes influence long-range order in materials is lacking. Elucidating the link between atomic-scale structural dynamics and collective behavior could lead to a deeper understanding and further optimization of catalysts and processes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samridhi Pathak, Nayan Deori, Aditi Sharma, Shirisha Nagotu, Avinash Kale
Summary: Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease that affects millions of people globally every year, especially in tropical countries like India. The treatment of tuberculosis using first-line drugs can lead to drug-resistant strains and side effects such as muscle wasting and malnutrition. This study investigates the effects of these major tuberculosis drugs on actin polymerization, which plays a central role in muscle contraction. Biophysical approaches, in vivo and in vitro experiments, and computational simulations were used to understand the mechanism of muscle wasting in tuberculosis. The findings provide valuable insights into the interaction between tuberculosis drugs and actin filaments.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Sapna Sinha, Jamie H. Warner
Summary: Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a vital tool for studying nanomaterials at the atomic level, with graphene playing a key role in facilitating the characterization of other materials and understanding their properties and interactions. The review highlights the use of TEM with graphene as a substrate for studying a wide range of nanomaterials, discussing the challenges and potential engineering applications in the future.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
E. Meziu, M. Koch, J. Fleddermann, K. Schwarzkopf, M. Schneider, A. Kraegeloh
Summary: Dehydration affects the structure of mucus, transforming it from a non-porous to porous network. Various microscopy techniques revealed the structural organization of mucus components and successfully visualized the major gel forming mucin in its hydrated state.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Amal S. Albedwawi, Reem Al Sakkaf, Tareq M. Osaili, Ahmed Yusuf, Amin Olaimat, Shao-Quan Liu, Giovanni Palmisano, Nagendra P. Shah, Mutamed M. Ayyash
Summary: This paper investigated the ability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Bifidobacterium to remove acrylamide (AA) and examined the mechanism(s) of the AA removal using various microscopic techniques. The results showed that Bifidobacterium breve and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum exhibited higher acrylamide reduction rates. The study also found that both strains could tolerate low pH levels and remove acrylamide under in vitro gastrointestinal conditions.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yawei Li, Li Wang, Yufeng He, Wei Zheng, Langhong Lou, Jian Zhang
Summary: The study found that as the temperature increases, the spacing of dislocation networks in the gamma/gamma' interface decreases, while the minimum creep rate increases non-linearly. This is due to the enhanced dislocation-climb in the interface and gamma'-cutting by a <010> superdislocations.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Vivek K. Bajpai, InWha Park, Imran Khan, Fanar Hamad Alshammari, Pradeep Kumar, Lei Chen, MinKyun Na, Yun Suk Huh, Young-Kyu Han, Shruti Shukla
Summary: The protoberberine alkaloid THBA showed significant antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, disrupting the membrane integrity and inhibiting biofilm formation. It also reduced ROS levels in fibroblast cells and decreased CFU counts in raw rice, suggesting its potential as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maxim Ozerov, Vitaly Sokolovsky, Sergey Nadezhdin, Ekaterina Zubareva, Nadezhda Zherebtsova, Nikita Stepanov, Lujun Huang, Sergey Zherebtsov
Summary: The TiZrNb metal-matrix composites reinforced by in-situ formed borides were produced using different amounts of TiB2. The composites exhibited varying microstructures and mechanical properties with the increase in boride content. Load transfer strengthening was found to be the main contributor to the overall strength of the composite. The biocompatibility evaluation suggested a decrease in the proliferation rate of mesenchymal stem cells with an increase in boride content.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Burgum, Martin J. D. Clift, Stephen J. Evans, Nicole Hondow, Mark Miller, Sandra Bustamante Lopez, Adam Williams, Afshin Tarat, Gareth J. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak
Summary: This study assessed the inhalation hazard of industrially relevant FLG with different surface functionalization and found that neutral-FLG and amine-FLG can induce genotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells, while carboxyl-FLG does not cause significant genotoxicity. This suggests a possible role for carboxyl groups in scavenging radicals produced via oxidative stress.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Thomas Brown, Andy P. Brown, David A. Hall, Thomas E. Hooper, Yizhe Li, Stuart Micklethwaite, Zabeada Aslam, Steven J. Milne
Summary: The study presents ceramics with high relative permittivity over a wide temperature range, designed for base metal electrode multilayer capacitor manufacturing processes. A potential Class II capacitor material free from Bi or Pb ions has been developed by doping Sr2NaNb5O15 with Ca2+, Y3+, and Zr4+ ions. The materials exhibit stable dielectric properties at high temperatures.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Michael J. Burgum, Martin J. D. Clift, Stephen J. Evans, Nicole Hondow, Afshin Tarat, Gareth J. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak
Summary: The study found that FLG induced cytotoxicity in TT1 cells in monoculture experiments, while in co-culture experiments, FLG induced genotoxicity without cytotoxic effects. Pre-exposure of co-cultures to N-acetylcysteine (NAC) showed that genotoxicity observed in the co-culture experiment was driven by oxidative stress and revealed secondary mechanisms of DNA damage.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Irene Rubia-Rodriguez, Antonio Santana-Otero, Simo Spassov, Etelka Tombacz, Christer Johansson, Patricia De La Presa, Francisco J. Teran, Maria del Puerto Morales, Sabino Veintemillas-Verdaguer, Nguyen T. K. Thanh, Maximilian O. Besenhard, Claire Wilhelm, Florence Gazeau, Quentin Harmer, Eric Mayes, Bella B. Manshian, Stefaan J. Soenen, Yuanyu Gu, Angel Millan, Eleni K. Efthimiadou, Jeff Gaudet, Patrick Goodwill, James Mansfield, Uwe Steinhoff, James Wells, Frank Wiekhorst, Daniel Ortega
Summary: The scientific community has put great efforts in advancing magnetic hyperthermia in the past two decades, with fruitful international cooperation and careful analysis of lessons learned providing better guarantees for the future development of this nanotherapy against cancer.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Amna Ali, Aliyah Zaman, Elshaimaa Sayed, David Evans, Stuart Morgan, Chris Samwell, John Hall, Muhammad Sohail Arshad, Neenu Singh, Omar Qutachi, Ming-Wei Chang, Zeeshan Ahmad
Summary: EHDA technologies, such as electrospraying, have been utilized in pharmaceutical and drug delivery fields to manipulate particulate structures and meet specific application needs, showing great potential for sensitive biologics and molecules. Various parameters and modifications during the process can greatly influence the resulting particles and their applications.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Melanie Kah, Linda J. Johnston, Rai S. Kookana, Wendy Bruce, Andrea Haase, Vera Ritz, Jordan Dinglasan, Shareen Doak, Hemda Garelick, Vladimir Gubala
Summary: Nanopesticides are advancing in research and development and appearing on the market, prompting the need for a comprehensive framework and guidance for human health risk assessments. The study suggests adapting existing pesticide frameworks, identifying relevant nanopesticide entities and their concentrations, and addressing additional data requirements based on the nature of the nanopesticides. The tiered approach proposed in the framework aims to support regulators and industry in making informed decisions on nanopesticide submissions.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift, Anna Costa, Christiaan Delmaar, Ilse Gosens, Sabina Halappanavar, Sean Kelly, Willie J. G. M. Pejinenburg, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser, Roel P. F. Schins, Vicki Stone, Lang Tran, Martina G. Vijver, Ulla Vogel, Wendel Wohlleben, Flemming R. Cassee
Summary: The European Green Deal aims to build a more sustainable, climate neutral, and circular economy by 2050. To achieve this, the European Commission has released the Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability, which sets targets for innovation in addressing challenges posed by hazardous chemicals and animal testing. The PATROLS project has developed innovative tools to support the safe and sustainable development of new nano-enabled products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amirsadra Ahmadi, Moses Sokunbi, Trisha Patel, Ming-Wei Chang, Zeeshan Ahmad, Neenu Singh
Summary: This study statistically analyzed the factors influencing the biocompatibility and toxicity of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) in the past five years, including physicochemical properties, experimental conditions, and other experimental parameters.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kirsty Meldrum, Joana A. Moura, Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift
Summary: This study used fluid flow conditions to simulate the lung environment and investigate the effects of particle exposure on cells in an in vitro model. The results showed that exposure under fluid flow conditions can influence cell viability, membrane integrity, and inflammatory responses, depending on the type and concentration of particles.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shareen H. Doak, Cristina Andreoli, Michael J. Burgum, Qasim Chaudhry, Eric A. J. Bleeker, Cecilia Bossa, Josefa Domenech, Damjana Drobne, Valerie Fessard, Nina Jeliazkova, Eleonora Longhin, Elise Runden-Pran, Maciej Stepnik, Naouale El Yamani, Julia Catalan, Maria Dusinska
Summary: Genotoxicity testing for nanomaterials is challenging and requires adaptation of standard testing approaches. New approach methodologies (NAMs) are being developed to provide relevant information on genotoxic action. The implementation and utilization of NAMs for nanomaterial genotoxicity assessment in a regulatory context need clarification and increased engagement between scientists and regulators.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mukaddes Izci, Christy Maksoudian, Filipa Goncalves, Irati Perez Gilabert, Carla Rios Luci, Eduardo Bolea-Fernandez, Frank Vanhaecke, Bella B. Manshian, Stefaan J. Soenen
Summary: The authors investigated the ability to improve nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors through an in-depth mechanistic study on the use of ciRGD peptide co-administration. The results showed that ciRGD can improve nanoparticle delivery to the tumor itself, as well as to tumor cells specifically, better than vessel normalization strategies. The effectiveness of ciRGD co-administration depends on tumor perfusion, hypoxia, neutrophil levels, and vessel permeability.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Leanne M. Stannard, Ann Doherty, Katherine E. Chapman, Shareen H. Doak, Gareth J. Jenkins
Summary: Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) has multiple effects on cells, including DNA damage, cell cycle abnormalities, and changes in cell shape. The main mechanisms behind these effects involve the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative DNA damage, and activation of p53.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vincent Lenders, Xanthippi Koutsoumpou, Philana Phan, Stefaan. J. J. Soenen, Karel Allegaert, Steven de Vleeschouwer, Jaan Toelen, Zongmin Zhao, Bella. B. B. Manshian
Summary: The use of nanoparticles in biomedicine has been extensively studied, with a focus on their role as carriers for drug delivery. Most studies have focused on tumor models, but recent research has also explored the challenges of delivering nanoparticles to other organs. This review discusses recent advancements in overcoming biological barriers such as lung mucus, gastrointestinal mucus, placental barrier, and blood-brain barrier.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kirsty Meldrum, Stephen J. Evans, Ulla Vogel, Lang Tran, Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift
Summary: Exposure to engineered nanomaterials can pose health risks, and this study aimed to determine the level of hazard using in vitro lung cell cultures. The results showed that DQ(12) caused pro-inflammatory responses, while TiO2 and BaSO4 did not. These findings highlight the importance of considering the appropriateness of positive controls, cell culture model, exposure time, and type when determining the response to specific ENMs.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Iman Zare, Mohammad Tavakkoli Yaraki, Giorgio Speranza, Alireza Hassani Najafabadi, Alireza Shourangiz Haghighi, Amirala Bakhshian Nik, Bella B. Manshian, Claudia Saraiva, Stefaan J. Soenen, Marcelo J. Kogan, Jee Woong Lee, Nicholas V. Apollo, Liliana Bernardino, Eyleen Araya, Dirk Mayer, Guangzhao Mao, Michael R. Hamblin
Summary: This article introduces the wide range of applications of gold nanostructures in neuroscience and discusses their potential in diagnosis and therapy. Gold nanostructures can stimulate and monitor neural signals, providing promising solutions for neural tissue regeneration and repair, neuroprotective strategies, and more.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2022)