Article
Environmental Sciences
Argyris Panagopoulos
Summary: This research article examines the technical and economic aspects of zero liquid discharge (ZLD) desalination systems using two different crystallization processes, and compares their water recovery rates, energy demands, and costs. The results show that both scenarios are viable, but scenario 1 has higher water recovery and greater energy and cost demands.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Adrian Gil-Trujillo, J. Jaime Sadhwani Alonso
Summary: This article analyzes the sustainability of brine management and proposes 7 Sustainable Brine Management Goals, 11 targets, and 18 monitoring indicators. It also presents a practical case in the Canary Islands, Spain to evaluate the scope of these goals.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bo Zhu, Zixiao Liu, Ye Peng, Daniel K. Macharia, Nuo Yu, Meifang Zhu, Zhigang Chen
Summary: This study proposes a new type of evaporation/electricity generation device by combining a photothermal fabric hanging-model evaporator and an osmotic membrane-based generator. The integration of these two components allows for continuous production of watersteam and brine under sunlight and enables brine-driven electricity generation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rui Du, Yixuan Fu, Lunxiang Zhang, Jiafei Zhao, Yongchen Song, Zheng Ling
Summary: Significant advances have been made in seawater desalination, but the discharge of hypersaline concentrate presents challenges for treatment. This study demonstrates the potential of hydrate-based desalination in treating brine with high concentrations of salt. Carbon materials play a crucial role in inducing hydrate nucleation and the crystallinity and surface compositions of these materials impact desalination efficiency. These findings will help in developing effective hydrate promoters for treating hypersaline brine.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mustafa F. Kaddoura, Natasha C. Wright
Summary: This study presents the cost optimization of a convection-enhanced evaporation system for brine management and treatment. The optimization reveals two distinct operation modes, each with different cost and footprint characteristics. The proposed designs were found to have lower costs than existing technologies.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Boor Singh Lalia, Raed Hashaikeh
Summary: Desalination of seawater is a main method for producing fresh water in many countries, but waste brine or concentrate rejects can have adverse effects on the environment due to high salinity. This study presents a simple process for reducing the salinity of concentrated brine and producing calcium and magnesium oxides, using an electrochemical system. By applying a DC potential, the system reduces the TDS of the brine solution and decreases cations and anions in the treated brine.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amalia Rosner, Yaara Grossmark, Yaron Gertner, Claudette Rabinowitz, Eitan Reem, Baruch Rinkevich
Summary: Desalination is an expanding industry with over 15,000 facilities worldwide. The concentrated brine byproduct contains potentially harmful chemicals. Experiments showed negative impacts on ecosystems and animal lifespan, while some seawater samples near desalination plants exhibited transient and localized genotoxicity. Further evaluation is needed to assess the overall contribution of brine to marine genotoxicity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chunliang Du, Jennifer Runhong Du, Xianshe Feng, Faxin Du, Fang Cheng, Mohamed E. A. Ali
Summary: In this study, pervaporation (PV) was used to desalinate seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) brine. The results showed that PV has advantages over membrane distillation (MD) in terms of fouling resistance, membrane cleaning, and flux recovery.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Enrico Zacchei, Caio Gorla Nogueira
Summary: With the increasing global population and industrial production, the demand for water continues to rise. By 2030, 60.0% of the world population will lack access to freshwater, accounting for -2.50% of the total global water. Over 17,000 operational desalination plants have been constructed worldwide, but the main obstacle lies in the high production of brine, which is 50.0% more than freshwater and contributes to 5.0-33.0% of the total desalination cost. This paper proposes a new theoretical brine treatment approach combining electrokinetic and electrochemical mechanisms using alkaline clay. The feasibility, size, and usability of the clay have been evaluated through advanced numerical and analytical analyses, demonstrating the potential for clean brine production and mineral recovery.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Giuseppe Genduso, Anton Missinne, Zain Ali, Wojciech Ogieglo, Bart Van der Bruggen, Ingo Pinnau
Summary: The study investigated the pervaporative desalination of synthetic seawater and brines using a PDMS thin-film composite membrane, demonstrating high water permeance and exceptional NaCl rejection. The PDMS composite membrane showed outstanding pure water flux even at high temperatures and with salt presence in the feed water, performing among the best compared with hydrophilic TFC polymer membranes reported previously.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hossein Ataei Far, Amir Hessam Hassani, Lobat Taghavi, Mojtaba Fazeli, Abdollah Rashidi Mehrabadi
Summary: Based on the evaluation of samples taken from the Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis (BWRO) plant in Eshtehard, Iran, this study demonstrated the performance of bench-scale EDR in removing total dissolved solids (TDS) from brackish water. The results showed that temperature and voltage had significant influences on the efficiency of the EDR process. The successful reduction of TDS and electrical conductivity (EC) in the second stage brine suggests that the hybrid process of RO-EDR-RO could be the best choice for the development of the Eshtehard Desalination Plant.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xin Zhang, Wenyan Zhao, Yang Zhang, Veeriah Jegatheesan
Summary: Seawater desalination technologies have been widely studied to address freshwater scarcity, but the disposal of desalination brine poses potential environmental risks. Alternative approaches to recover minerals, freshwater, and energy from desalination brine have been explored, with techniques including pressure-driven, thermal-driven, and electro-driven methods. Membrane/thermal integrated hybrid processes and energy recovery techniques like PRO and RED utilizing SGE have been considered for water and energy recovery, with valuable mineral products including sodium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, and other minerals being reviewed for recovery methods and product quality. Economic comparisons have been conducted to analyze the cost and revenues of each technique for operating desalination plants.
REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND BIO-TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ihsanullah Ihsanullah, Muataz A. Atieh, Muhammad Sajid, Mazen K. Nazal
Summary: Desalination of seawater is a viable process to meet the increasing demand for freshwater, but it may have potential environmental impacts. This study critically evaluates the impacts on marine environment, land, groundwater, and air quality, and proposes mitigation measures. The use of modern technologies to address challenges in desalination is also discussed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Penghua Guo, Bin Zhang, Tiantian Li, Ben Xu, Jingyin Li
Summary: Spray evaporation is a promising desalination technology for high-salinity wastewater, but previous numerical studies neglected salt precipitation. This study experimentally investigated the evaporation of brine droplets with salt precipitation using the pendent droplet method. A reaction engineering model was developed and integrated into ANSYS Fluent for numerical simulation. The study revealed that brine droplets have different behavior compared to pure water droplets, leading to different design requirements for the spray dryer.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ihsanullah Ihsanullah, Jawad Mustafa, Abdul Mannan Zafar, M. Obaid, Muataz A. Atieh, Noreddine Ghaffour
Summary: This article critically evaluates the various techniques for recovering minerals from desalination brine. The recovery of resources can minimize the adverse impacts of brine on the environment, reduce desalination costs, and provide a sustainable way of extracting precious materials from the water.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Clarke Palmer, D. Chester Upham, Simon Smart, Michael J. Gordon, Horia Metiu, Eric W. McFarland
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hesamoddin Rabiee, Xueqin Zhang, Lei Ge, Shihu Hu, Mengran Li, Simon Smart, Zhonghua Zhu, Zhiguo Yuan
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Abdul Quader, Thomas E. Rufford, Simon Smart
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Abdul Quader, Thomas E. Rufford, Simon Smart
Summary: The study evaluates the potential of hybrid membrane-cryogenic distillation flowsheets for direct recovery of helium from pretreated natural gas, aiming to improve energy efficiency and reduce costs. The optimized design can produce high-purity helium at a lower cost, making it a promising option for gas separations in various applications.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Abdul Quader, Thomas E. Rufford, Simon Smart
Summary: This study compared the specific energy requirements and specific break-even helium price of six different two-stage membrane flowsheets to recover helium from an NRU off-gas. The feed compression process was found to have the lowest specific helium break-even price and required less membrane area but higher power compared to other flowsheets.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Triyanda Gunawan, Nurul Widiastuti, Hamzah Fansuri, Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Rijia Lin, Juliuz Motuzas, Simon Smart
Summary: This study involved incorporating unique micro-mesoporous carbon particles (ZTC) into a P84 co-polyimide membrane to enhance gas separation performance. The loading amount and position of ZTC significantly affect the gas transport mechanism and membrane performance. Results showed that with proper filler positioning, ZTC could be a potential candidate for gas separation involving CO2 and H-2.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Dana L. Martens, Julius Motuzas, Simon Smart, Joao C. Diniz da Costa
Summary: This study analyzed the hydrothermal treatment effect on cobalt silica-seeded xerogels, showing that the sol-gel seeding (SG) series had higher pore volume and surface area at higher Co loading. Additionally, surface area and pore volume retention increased with Co loading. Analysis of pore size distribution revealed densification in certain ranges and enlargement in others.
JOURNAL OF SOL-GEL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manh-Tuan Vu, Gloria M. Monsalve-Bravo, Rijia Lin, Mengran Li, Suresh K. Bhatia, Simon Smart
Summary: The study proposes an efficient approach to improve the polymer/filler interfacial interaction in CO2/N-2 separation membranes by decorating the surface of ND with PEI. The introduction of PEI reduces the agglomeration of ND in the polymer matrix, which is evidenced by FIB-SEM observation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hesamoddin Rabiee, Lei Ge, Xueqin Zhang, Shihu Hu, Mengran Li, Simon Smart, Zhonghua Zhu, Zhiguo Yuan
Summary: In this study, Bi-based nanosheets grown on flow-through Cu hollow fiber GDE were used for gas-phase CO2 electrochemical reduction. By optimizing the electrodeposition and thermal oxidation processes, the charge-transfer resistance of Bi nanosheets was reduced, surface roughness was increased, and wettability was improved, leading to significantly enhanced formate production efficiency and quantity.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rijia Lin, Xuemei Li, Andraz Krajnc, Zhiheng Li, Mengran Li, Wupeng Wang, Linzhou Zhuang, Simon Smart, Zhonghua Zhu, Dominique Appadoo, Jeffrey R. Harmer, Zhiliang Wang, Ana Guilherme Buzanich, Sebastian Beyer, Lianzhou Wang, Gregor Mali, Thomas D. Bennett, Vicki Chen, Jingwei Hou
Summary: The research introduces a novel method to fabricate a bimetallic MOF glass, demonstrating significantly enhanced catalytic performance by incorporating Fe nodes into the Co-based framework through a melt-quenching process. The technique, combined with mechanochemical synthesis, provides significant opportunities for catalytic device assembly on flexible substrates.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hesamoddin Rabiee, Lei Ge, Xueqin Zhang, Shihu Hu, Mengran Li, Simon Smart, Zhonghua Zhu, Hao Wang, Zhiguo Yuan
Summary: This study successfully obtained a uniform covering layer of Cu3Sn or Cu5Sn6 alloy phases on the surface of HFGDEs by controlling Sn electrodeposition thickness and aging duration, improving CO selectivity and formate-selective performance. Alloy-coated HFGDEs showed higher wettability and catalytically active areas, resulting in higher formate partial current density.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nur Hafizah Ab Hamid, David K. Wang, Simon Smart, Liu Ye
Summary: Forward osmosis membrane bioreactors (FOMBRs) are gaining attention for their potential to produce high effluent quality and better flux stability against fouling. This study found that a hybrid cleaning strategy involving physical and free nitrous acid (FNA) cleanings can effectively recover water flux and slow down fouling deposition during long-term FOMBR operation. The results suggest that FNA solution has the potential to not only recover membrane performance, but also to act as a strategy to mitigate fouling deposition.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rijia Lin, Yuqi Yao, Muhammad Yazid Bin Zulkifli, Xuemei Li, Shuai Gao, Wengang Huang, Simon Smart, Miaoqiang Lyu, Lianzhou Wang, Vicki Chen, Jingwei Hou
Summary: This study presents a simple, scalable mechanochemical technique for producing metal-organic framework coatings on various substrates. The mechanisms ensuring the stability of the coatings are revealed, and the coatings facilitate electrocatalysis application on conductive substrates.
Article
Environmental Studies
Andrew Pascale, Shoibal Chakravarty, Paul Lant, Simon Smart, Chris Greig
Summary: Traditional discussions about energy, CO2 emissions, and human development often overlook the inequality in domestic energy and CO2 emissions. This study reveals these inequalities in India and examines the impact on both welfare and CO2 emissions as India transitions away from energy poverty. The results suggest that addressing welfare issues related to energy use, such as indoor air pollution, can be aided by a transition to modern energy carriers without a significant increase in CO2 emissions. However, the wealth creation required for a modern energy transition will lead to increased consumption, supported by carbon-intensive electricity and materials, which represents the fastest-growing source of CO2 emissions. Consequently, a coherent strategy is necessary to tackle energy poverty, wealth creation, and reduce emissions intensity in sectors like transportation.
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
C. McMahon, I. Cameron, H. Zughbi, M. Biasutti, A. Halstead, S. Smart
Summary: Integrated steelplants are facing challenges in reusing byproducts in a circular economy, especially those with complex physical or chemical characteristics. A case study explores the optimal utilization of biochar and activated carbon in the blast furnace, as well as the reuse of basic oxygen furnace (BOF) filter cake and blast furnace flue dust. The study reveals that biochar has high utilization rates, while the reuse of activated carbon and BOF filter cake is limited by their zinc content.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yunfei Yu, Xue Yang, Chenchen Zhang, Jie Chen, Wei Lin, Jianqiang Meng
Summary: This study reports an environmentally friendly and simple approach for preparing double-network (DN) ion gel membranes with high strength and excellent gas separation performance. By optimizing crosslinking density, mass ratio, and the type and content of free ionic liquid, the mechanical and gas separation properties of the DN membrane are improved.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Si-qi Jiang, Qiang Gao, Xi-guang Li, Chao-zhu Deng, Jun Qiu, Xiang-nan Zhu
Summary: A dual-strengthening pretreatment method is proposed to remove PVDF more efficiently and enhance the leaching of LiCoO2. Experimental results show that dual-strengthening pretreatment can effectively remove PVDF and significantly improve the leaching efficiency compared to single pretreatment methods.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zengchi Hu, Xiaoyu Wang, Xiaohui Zhang, Xue Li, Jiangbin Xia
Summary: The rapid fabrication of high-performance composite membranes based on CMPs using simple and low-cost methods is challenging. In this study, three CMPs-based composite membranes were rapidly fabricated with adjustable size using unidirectional diffusion synthesis. The microstructural design enhanced the rejection rates of the membranes and they showed strong hydrolytic resistance, thermal stability, and acid-base resistance. Electrostatic adsorption and the adjustable microstructures significantly varied the repellence of the membranes to different charged molecules.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Farzaneh Rouhani, Matineh Ayedi, Nasser Safari
Summary: Introducing defects into porous metal-organic frameworks is important for improving their adsorption performance. Quasi-MOFs, an underutilized variant of large-scale, fundamentally deficient MOFs, have been found to have substantial amounts of unsaturated metal sites to offset the drawbacks of MOFs. In this study, a quasi-MOF was produced using a water-stable MOF and demonstrated significantly improved phosphate adsorption capability due to the presence of defect sites.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Valentin Reungoat, Morad Chadni, Louis M. M. Mouterde, Fanny Brunissen, Florent Allais, Helene Ducatel, Irina Ioannou
Summary: This study focuses on the recovery of sinapic acid using liquid-liquid extraction assisted by a hollow fiber membrane contactor from an aqueous feed obtained through the hydrolysis of mustard bran. The screening of solvents of different chemical nature showed that all tested solvents had an extraction efficiency of more than 80% for pH < 5. Four solvents were selected for use in the hollow fiber membrane contactor, and the volatile solvents showed higher mass transfer coefficients compared to non-volatile solvents. The extraction efficiency was intensified by increasing the initial concentration of sinapic acid and the feed-to-solvent ratio. CPME was found to have optimal recovery efficiency at a phase ratio of 8:1, yielding 0.9 g of sinapic acid per liter of CPME used.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Takahiro Sakamoto, Takafumi Hanada, Hayate Sato, Mayu Kamisono, Masahiro Goto
Summary: The emergence of the battery society has led to a high demand for battery metals, resulting in a strain on their supply. This study introduces a novel technique using a hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent (DES) for leaching and recovering battery metals from low-grade nickel laterite ores. The DES enables selective leaching and recovery of the metals, offering a promising pathway for the extraction of critical battery metals.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Rongrong He, Jiarui Chen, Chunyao Zhang, Dan Lu, Lin Zhang, Tao He
Summary: Researcher has developed a method to quantify the charge density in nanofiltration (NF) membrane separation layer and applied it in NF membranes that can separate Mg2+ and Li+. The results showed that overcompensated amine groups played a major role, and there was a linear relationship between charge density and coating bi-layers or PAH layers.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhijian Zhang, Min Chen, Zhe Lin, Zhichao Yang, Yafeng Du, Zhihui Chen, Zhenhao Yang, Kongyin Zhao, Ligang Lin
Summary: Membrane technology plays an important role in molecular/ion separation processes, but faces challenges such as membrane fouling. This study introduces a new ion-crosslinking method to fabricate copper alginate hydrogel membranes with improved mechanical strength and antimicrobial capabilities. The membranes exhibit excellent separation performance and enhanced long-term molecule/ion separation through improved anti-swelling properties. Molecular dynamics simulations and life cycle analysis highlight the pore structure and environmental friendliness of the hydrogel membranes. These findings provide valuable insights for developing sustainable hydrogel membranes with stable performance and high separation efficiency.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dongmei Liu, Aiying Guo, Yanling Qi, Zhixin Ji, Hongjuan Li, Zhiwei Zhang, Xinyue Zhang, Kunze Wu, Aijun Cai
Summary: In this study, a stable magnetic Mg/Mn-layered double oxide-doped biochar composite (MgMnLDO-MBC) was prepared and successfully used for the removal of antibiotics and bacteria from wastewater. The composite exhibited enhanced surface areas, adsorption sites, and free radicals, leading to improved catalytic activity. The effects of different factors on the removal efficiency were evaluated, and the composite showed good reusability.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Feng Wang, Zhaoyong Bian, Yaru Zhang, Wenchao Yu, Qiang Zhang, Hui Wang
Summary: In this study, a nanofibrous layered structure of Ff-Ti3C2Tx-Co3O4 was prepared by self-assembling nanofibrous Co3O4 with lamellar fluorine-free MXene (Ff-Ti3C2Tx). The Ff-Ti3C2Tx-Co3O4 exhibited excellent catalytic activity for degradation, resistant to ionic interference, and maintained high removal efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in municipal wastewater. The rapid SMX degradation involved fast electron transfer in redox cycles with PMS and the generation of 1O2 via PMS ->center dot O2 -> 1O2. This work provides new insights into antibiotic degradation mechanisms and electron transfer based on PMS activation.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Weipeng He, Jiacheng Luo, Yujie Wu, Tianhao Luo, Chen Tang
Summary: This study comparatively evaluated the role of cationic, anionic, and nonionic polyacrylamides (PAMs) in ballasted flocculation of clay suspensions under different aluminum sulfate (AS) coagulant dosages. The selection of PAMs and AS dosage had a significant influence on the size and shear resistance of ballasted floc aggregates.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lixian Wang, Lizhi Zhao, Didi Si, Zhixin Li, Huiqin An, Hui Ye, Qingping Xin, Hong Li, Yuzhong Zhang
Summary: Metalloporphyrin-based nanozymes integrated with poly (vinylidene fluoride) membrane show high catalytic activity and reusability for the decolorization of Congo Red dye in continuous flow process.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yongfei Ma, Chenyu Zeng, Yongzhen Ding, Jiayi Tang, Ondrej Masek, Zhikang Deng, Rui Mu, Zulin Zhang
Summary: In this study, sludge-derived biochar (SBC) was functionalized with various iron salts to enhance its adsorption ability for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and magnetic collection performance. Ball milling was further employed to treat the optimal iron salt functionalized SBC (MSBC), resulting in ball milled SBC (BMSBC) with improved adsorption performance for SMX. The dominant driving mechanism for SMX adsorption onto BMSBC was confirmed to be multiple physicochemical forces, including 7C-7C conjugation, pore filling, H-bonding, Fe-O complexation, and electrostatic interactions. BMSBC exhibited favorable adsorption ability for SMX in actual waters and could be easily collected within 1 min due to its magnetic sensitivity.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jinglin Tan, Xiaohui Mao, Wenjihao Hu, Hongbo Zeng
Summary: This study investigates the influence of PDMS chain architectures on surface properties and reveals that PDMS coatings with looped structures exhibit superior hydrophobicity, self-cleaning, and water sliding compared to coatings with linear structures. Additionally, both looped and linear PDMS coated stainless steel mesh/polyester fibers show efficient separation of oil/water mixture.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Wei-Liang Chen, Chih-Chia Cheng, Chien-Hsing Lu, Jem-Kun Chen
Summary: This study designs a novel sandwich-structured capacitor that reduces the absorption time of pollutants using dielectrophoresis force. By coating graphene oxide on polystyrene microspheres as adsorbents and encapsulating them within the capacitor, the adsorption rate is significantly enhanced. Additionally, frequency manipulation allows for the recycling of adsorbents and concentration of dyes, minimizing secondary pollution.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
