Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lukas Razinkovas, Marek Maciaszek, Friedemann Reinhard, Marcus W. Doherty, Audrius Alkauskas
Summary: The study conducted ab initio calculations on the photoionization characteristics of the NV center in diamond, revealing the mechanism of spin polarization induced electron state transition. These findings are crucial for interpreting and designing experiments on photoionization of NV centers.
Article
Optics
Zong-Da Zhang, Si-Yu Yin, Li-Cheng Wang, Ying-De Wang, Yun-Fei Li, Zhen-Nan Tian, Qi-Dai Chen
Summary: An array of single NV centers was prepared using the femtosecond laser direct writing method to address the accuracy and consistency issues in static magnetic field detection. The prepared NV centers have fewer defects and good stress uniformity, with an average spatial positioning error of only 0.2 μm. This array enables high accuracy measurement of magnetic field vector and gradient.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mariusz Mrozek, Mateusz Schabikowski, Marzena Mitura-Nowak, Janusz Lekki, Marta Marszalek, Adam M. Wojciechowski, Wojciech Gawlik
Summary: The experimental study focused on the longitudinal and transverse relaxation of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond monocrystals prepared by 1.8 MeV proton implantation. Results showed that proton implantation technique can be versatile in controlling the production of nitrogen-vacancy color centers in thin films.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Changhao Li, Rouhollah Soleyman, Mohammad Kohandel, Paola Cappellaro
Summary: A molecular transducer based on NV centers has been proposed to convert SARS-CoV-2 RNA into magnetic noise signal for optical readout. This sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, low false negative rate, and fast detection of the virus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dominik M. Irber, Francesco Poggiali, Fei Kong, Michael Kieschnick, Tobias Luehmann, Damian Kwiatkowski, Jan Meijer, Jiangfeng Du, Fazhan Shi, Friedemann Reinhard
Summary: The all-optical spin readout scheme demonstrated in this study achieves single-shot fidelity even with poor photon collection efficiency, which is crucial for sensing and scalable quantum registers based on shallow implanted NV centers.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chen Qiu, Hui-Xiong Deng, Songyuan Geng, Su-Huai Wei
Summary: Color centers in diamonds, specifically the XV centers, have shown promise for quantum information and computing applications. However, the abnormal trends in their zero-phonon line (ZPL) and local structure are not well understood. Through density-functional theory calculations and symmetry analysis, we find that the large size of X atoms and a competition between p-p coupling and p-d coupling contribute to these abnormal trends.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nattakarn Suntornwipat, Saman Majdi, Markus Gabrysch, Kiran Kumar Kovi, Viktor Djurberg, Ian Friel, Daniel J. Twitchen, Jan Isberg
Summary: Researchers demonstrate electrostatic control of valley currents in ultrapure single-crystalline diamond, proposing a model to interpret experimental data and paving the way for the development of valleytronic devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiping Ju, Mengting He, Junjie Lin, Jing Zhu, Botao Wu, E. Wu
Summary: This study explores the two-photon fluorescence imaging technique of fluorescent nanodiamonds, achieving high imaging resolution and axial resolution with a picosecond pulsed laser operating at 1032nm. It demonstrates the advantages of high spatial resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio, and reveals the energy level characteristics of fluorescent nanodiamonds.
RESULTS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kosuke Kimura, Shinobu Onoda, Keisuke Yamada, Wataru Kada, Tokuyuki Teraji, Junichi Isoya, Osamu Hanaizumi, Takeshi Ohshima
Summary: This study reports a technique of fabricating multiple dipole-coupled NV centers using phthalocyanine ion implantation, and demonstrates the successful creation of up to four NV centers within a confocal spot.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Federico Gorrini, Carla Dorigoni, Domingo Olivares-Postigo, Rakshyakar Giri, Pietro Apra, Federico Picollo, Angelo Bifone
Summary: The effects of green laser irradiation on shallow NV centers in diamond surfaces were studied, showing that high laser power promotes the photoconversion of NV0 to NV-. The excess NV- population is stable over a timescale of 100 ms after switching off the laser, leading to long-lived enrichment of shallow NV-.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wei Shen, Gai Wu, Lijie Li, Hui Li, Sheng Liu, Shengnan Shen, Diwei Zou
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different surface modifications on diamond (110) surface on NV centers and finds that the oxygen-terminated and nitrogen-terminated, as well as hydrogen-terminated surfaces may not be suitable for shallow NV centers, while the fluorine-terminated surface is a promising candidate.
Article
Optics
Jiakun Xu, Yu Zhong, Zhongliang Zeng, Jia-Bin You
Summary: We numerically simulate the Markovian quantum master equation to investigate the dynamics of quantum coherence among multiple diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers (NVCs) coupled to a microsphere whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) cavity under external driving. Our results show that quantum coherence displays damped oscillations under various experimental situations, reflecting the intricate interplay and competition between dissipative effects and NVC-WGM coupling. We also find that normal quantum coherence is an upper bound for relative entropy. The feasibility of our proposal is supported by currently available experimental techniques.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hiroshige Deguchi, Tsukasa Hayashi, Hiroya Saito, Yoshiki Nishibayashi, Minori Teramoto, Masanori Fujiwara, Hiroki Morishita, Norikazu Mizuochi, Natsuo Tatsumi
Summary: We have developed a compact and portable measuring instrument using diamond NV centers, which can be powered by a laptop computer's USB 3.0. The portability is achieved by low power consumption of the optics, thanks to the diamond corner cube that enhances the current of the photodiode by 2.1 times compared to planar diamond, and the microwave source that reduced power consumption by 20 dB using a microwave resonator with a λ/4 open stub to magnetically drive the NV center. These results contribute to the social implementation of diamond sensors.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bing Dong, Changkun Shi, Zongwei Xu, Kaiyue Wang, Huihui Luo, Fangwen Sun, Pengfei Wang, E. Wu, Kun Zhang, Jiayu Liu, Ying Song, Yexin Fan
Summary: The optical properties of defects in Ib diamond prepared by CVD and HPHT methods were studied using photoluminescence in a temperature range from 77 to 297 K. The temperature dependence of color centers in diamond and the zero-phonon line shift, intensity, and FWHM were analyzed. The study showed significant temperature dependence for the ZPL, with potential for temperature sensing, and a cubic function was found to well describe the broadening of ZPLs.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kang Liu, Sen Zhang, Victor Ralchenko, Pengfei Qiao, Jiwen Zhao, Guoyang Shu, Lei Yang, Jiecai Han, Bing Dai, Jiaqi Zhu
Summary: The nitrogen vacancy (NV) color center is attractive for single-photon entangled light sources and high-sensitivity probes in quantum information processing, weak magnetic field detection, and biosensing due to its convenience of spin initialization, operation, and optical readout combined with long coherence time. However, challenges such as enhancing emission of NV centers, obtaining indistinguishable photons, and improving collecting efficiency for the photons need to be addressed for fully realizing its potential. The development of emerging color centers, such as germanium vacancy defects and rare-earth dopants, also shows great potential for various applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Matthias M. Muller, Ressa S. Said, Fedor Jelezko, Tommaso Calarco, Simone Montangero
Summary: This review article presents the development and application of the chopped random basis (CRAB) ansatz for quantum optimal control. The CRAB strategy has the capability to satisfy experimental constraints and switch between open-loop and closed-loop optimization, contributing to the development of quantum technology on various physical platforms.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Wentian Zheng, Ke Bian, Xiakun Chen, Yang Shen, Shichen Zhang, Rainer Stohr, Andrej Denisenko, Jorg Wrachtrup, Sen Yang, Ying Jiang
Summary: An efficient method was developed to engineer the electrostatic environment of near-surface nitrogen vacancy center qubits, increasing their coherence and sensitivity.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jianyu Zhao, Qing Yang, Frederik Dreyer, Daniel Krueger, Fedor Jelezko, Jens Anders
Summary: In this article, a CMOS-based broadband nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnetometer system with magnetic field searching and automatic tuning capabilities is presented. The system utilizes an NMR coil and a digitally tunable capacitor (DTC) to measure magnetic fields with nanotesla resolution. By automatically sweeping its excitation frequency and analyzing the NMR signal, the system is able to determine the unknown magnetic field with high precision. The presented magnetometer achieves excellent field resolution and sensitivity over a wide frequency range.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2023)
Article
Optics
Genko T. Genov, Simon Rochester, Marcis Auzinsh, Fedor Jelezko, Dmitry Budker
Summary: Efficient and robust swapping of quantum state populations is crucial for various applications. STIRAP is known for its efficient and robust inversion of ground state populations, but it is sensitive to the initial state of the system. In this contribution, we demonstrate that a slight modification of STIRAP, by introducing a non-zero single-photon detuning, allows for efficient and robust population swapping for any initial state. Our work has implications for efficient and robust state preparation, dynamical decoupling, and the design of quantum gates in ground state qubits via two-photon interactions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chen Zhang, Jixing Zhang, Matthias Widmann, Magnus Benke, Michael Kuebler, Durga Dasari, Thomas Klotz, Leonardo Gizzi, Oliver Roehrle, Philipp Brenner, Joerg Wrachtrup
Summary: Magnetometers based on color centers in diamond exhibit excellent performance in sensitivity, bandwidth, dynamic range, and spatial resolution, making them widely applicable in various fields from biology and chemistry to industry. This study discusses the potential benefits of using these magnetometers for Magnetomyography (MMG) and Magnetoneurography (MNG) applications by analyzing sensitivity, dynamic range, and bandwidth, and comparing them to state-of-the-art techniques.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alastair Marshall, Alon Salhov, Martin Gierse, Christoph Mueller, Michael Keim, Sebastian Lucas, Anna Parker, Jochen Scheuer, Christophoros Vassiliou, Philipp Neumann, Fedor Jelezko, Alex Retzker, John W. Blanchard, Ilai Schwartz, Stephan Knecht
Summary: We present a technique for transferring parahydrogen-derived singlet order into 13C magnetization using adiabatic radio frequency sweeps at microtesla fields, enabling real-time monitoring of processes within the body. By avoiding relaxation induced by strongly coupled quadrupolar nuclei, significant improvements in achievable polarization, reaching above 60% nuclear spin polarization, are demonstrated for several molecules relevant in metabolic imaging. Furthermore, a site-selective deuteration scheme is introduced to enhance the efficiency of the polarization transfer.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Martin Gierse, Luca Nagel, Michael Keim, Sebastian Lucas, Tobias Speidel, Tobias Lobmeyer, Gordon Winter, Felix Josten, Senay Karaali, Maximilian Fellermann, Jochen Scheuer, Christoph Mueller, Frits van Heijster, Jason Skinner, Jessica Loeffler, Anna Parker, Jonas Handwerker, Alastair Marshall, Alon Salhov, Bilal El-Kassem, Christophoros Vassiliou, John W. Blanchard, Roman Picazo-Frutos, James Eills, Holger Barth, Fedor Jelezko, Volker Rasche, Franz Schilling, Ilai Schwartz, Stephan Knecht
Summary: We propose a versatile method for preparing hyperpolarized [1-13C]fumarate as a contrast agent for preclinical MRI. We compared this method to a state-of-the-art d-DNP system and found similar polarization levels, but significantly lower preparation effort and faster dosing time for the PHIP process. The in vivo usage of hyperpolarized fumarate as a perfusion agent and the metabolic conversion of fumarate to malate in tumor-bearing mice are demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Lisa Chen, Tamara Rudolf, Remi Blinder, Nithin Suryadevara, Ashley Dalmeida, Philipp J. Welscher, Markus Lamla, Mona Arnold, Ulrich Herr, Fedor Jelezko, Mario Ruben, Alexander J. C. Kuehne
Summary: We synthesized stable luminescent radical nanoparticles with tunable diameter and highly suitable for bioimaging. These nanoparticles are stable in water, emit light in the red and near-infrared spectra, and can exhibit paramagnetic properties for dual-mode optical and magnetic resonance imaging. This study investigates their synthesis, optical and magnetic properties, and the effect of the conjugated polymer backbone and electron-withdrawing substituents on the electronic properties of the open-shell molecule in the polymer network.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jeffrey Neethi Neethirajan, Toni Hache, Domenico Paone, Dinesh Pinto, Andrej Denisenko, Rainer Stoehr, Peter Udvarhelyi, Anton Pershin, Adam Gali, Joerg Wrachtrup, Klaus Kern, Aparajita Singha
Summary: Near-surface negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers show promise for magnetic imaging and quantum sensing, but their charge-state instabilities decrease fluorescence and NV coherence time, negatively affecting imaging sensitivity. In this study, we demonstrate that in situ adsorption of H2O on the diamond surface can partially recover the performance of shallow NV sensors. Controlled surface treatments are essential for implementing NV-based quantum sensing protocols under cryogenic ultrahigh vacuum conditions, as supported by band-bending calculations.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yang Shen, Ping Wang, Chun Tung Cheung, Joerg Wrachtrup, Ren-Bao Liu, Sen Yang
Summary: Extracting useful signals is crucial for both classical and quantum technologies. Conventional noise filtering methods, limited in their application scope, rely on different patterns of signal and noise in frequency or time domains, while our proposed signal-nature-based approach leverages the intrinsic quantum nature of the system to single out quantum signals. We demonstrate the extraction of quantum correlation signals and the ability to separate the signal of a remote nuclear spin from overwhelming classical noise backgrounds, which is not achievable by conventional filter methods. Our work highlights the importance of quantum or classical nature as a new degree of freedom in quantum sensing and opens up new directions for quantum research.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jiazhao Tian, Ressa S. S. Said, Fedor Jelezko, Jianming Cai, Liantuan Xiao
Summary: NV centers are a promising platform in the field of quantum sensing, and magnetometry based on NV centers has achieved concrete development in biomedicine and medical diagnostics. In this paper, a Bayesian estimation phase-modulated (B-PM) method was proposed to improve the sensitivity of NV center sensors under wide inhomogeneous broadening and field-amplitude drift conditions. The B-PM method reduced time consumption and increased average fidelity, making it a valuable tool for quantum optimal control.
Correction
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Thomas Wolf, Philipp Neumann, Kazuo Nakamura, Hitoshi Sumiya, Takeshi Ohshima, Junichi Isoya, Joerg Wrachtrup
Article
Physics, Applied
Kin On Ho, Man Yin Leung, Wenyan Wang, Jianyu Xie, King Yau Yip, Jiahao Wu, Swee K. Goh, Andrej Denisenko, Joerg Wrachtrup, Sen Yang
Summary: High-pressure experiments play a crucial role in interdisciplinary research fields, but local probing techniques are limited due to the confinement of pressure chamber. The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) center has emerged as a versatile quantum sensor in pressurized environments. In this work, we compare the stress environments and performance of implanted N-V centers (IN-Vs) and N-V-enriched nanodiamonds (NDs) in a diamond anvil cell (DAC), revealing significant differences in stress tensors. We also propose methods to extend the working pressure of quantum sensing and explore more applications of the N-V center under pressure.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)
Article
Optics
Vadim V. Vorobyov, Jonas Meinel, Hitoshi Sumiya, Shinobu Onoda, Junichi Isoya, Oleg Gulinsky, Joerg Wrachtrup
Summary: The ability to track and control the dynamics of a quantum system is crucial for quantum technology, but reconstructing the dynamics of a single quantum system from macroscopic data remains a challenging problem. In this study, we use weak measurements with an electron spin as a meter to track a single nuclear carbon spin in a diamond at room temperature. Through theoretical analysis and experiments, we establish the relationship between the statistical properties of the macroscopic readout signal of the electron spin and the quantum dynamics of the nucleus, and successfully reconstruct the quantum correlation using a measurement parameter. We validate our approach using the Leggett-Garg test.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
D. Wirtitsch, G. Wachter, S. Reisenbauer, M. Gulka, V. Ivady, F. Jelezko, A. Gali, M. Nesladek, M. Trupke
Summary: We propose and experimentally demonstrate a method to increase the sensitivity of spin measurements on nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond by utilizing the charge state transitions of the defect. The method involves a two-step procedure of purifying the charge state and obtaining high spin polarization. The results show significant improvement in spin contrast and reduction in initialization error.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)