Review
Clinical Neurology
Florian Holtbernd, N. Jon Shah
Summary: Functional imaging studies consistently show altered functional connectivity in the cerebellum and cerebello-thalamico-cortical circuitry. Structural imaging studies are less consistent, with no clear evidence for cerebellar neurodegeneration, but diffusion tensor imaging robustly points toward microstructural cerebellar changes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neuroimaging
Donato Colella, Massimiliano Passaretti, Viviana Frantellizzi, Maria Silvia De Feo, Antonio Cannavacciuolo, Luca Angelini, Daniele Birreci, Davide Costa, Giulia Paparella, Andrea Guerra, Giuseppe De Vincentis, Alfredo Berardelli, Matteo Bologna
Summary: This research investigated the correlation between basal ganglia dopaminergic neurotransmission and finger movements abnormalities in patients with essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The findings showed that ET patients had slower finger tapping and normal radiotracer uptake levels in the striatum, while PD patients had reduced uptake. There was also a connection between radiotracer uptake and movement velocity during finger tapping in both patient groups.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Patrick Bedard, Pattamon Panyakaew, Hyun-Joo Cho, Mark Hallett, Silvina G. Horovitz
Summary: This study aimed to understand the differential pathophysiology of essential tremor and dystonic tremor. The results showed altered functional connectivity in the cerebellum for essential tremor patients, higher fractional anisotropy in the middle cerebellar peduncle for dystonic tremor patients, and reduced mean diffusivity in the cerebellum for both tremor groups. The findings suggest that the cerebellum is affected differently in both essential tremor and dystonic tremor.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Luca Angelini, Giulia Paparella, Alessandro De Biase, Annalisa Maraone, Matteo Panfili, Isabella Berardelli, Antonio Cannavacciuolo, Antonella Di Vita, Roberta Margiotta, Giovanni Fabbrini, Alfredo Berardelli, Matteo Bologna
Summary: This study investigated the progression of Essential Tremor (ET) manifestations through clinical and neurophysiological evaluation. The results showed that ET progression is characterized by the spread of tremor in multiple body segments and the emergence of soft signs. Female sex, absence of family history, and rest tremor at baseline were identified as predictive factors of worse disease progression.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gabriela S. Gilmour, Davide Martino, Karen Hunka, Pia Lawrence, Zelma H. T. Kiss, Veronica Bruno
Summary: In this study, it was found that patients with ET-plus had similar tremor outcomes after VIM DBS compared to those with ET, without the development of new neurological issues. This suggests that patients with ET-plus can still be considered good candidates for VIM DBS treatment of tremor.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takashi Tsuboi, Joshua K. Wong, Robert S. Eisinger, Lela Okromelidze, Mathew R. Burns, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, Leonardo Almeida, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Kelly D. Foote, Michael S. Okun, Sanjeet S. Grewal, Erik H. Middlebrooks
Summary: The optimal targets for deep brain stimulation in essential tremor and dystonic tremor remain unknown. This study suggests that DBS targeting the ventral intermediate nucleus/ventralis oralis posterior nucleus border and ventral intermediate nucleus region may be a reasonable treatment option for medication-refractory dystonic tremor and essential tremor patients. Our findings highlight the involvement of cerebello-thalamo-cortical and basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical networks in the pathophysiology of dystonic tremor.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jiaxin Peng, Nannan Li, Junying Li, Liren Duan, Chaolan Chen, Yan Zeng, Jing Xi, Yi Jiang, Rong Peng
Summary: This study reclassified and compared the characteristics of ET and ET-plus patients in a large Chinese tremor cohort. The results showed that ET-plus patients were older, had longer disease durations, worse tremor manifestations, and more distinct non-motor symptoms. Certain additional soft signs of ET-plus were associated with tremor severity or worse quality of life.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ming-Kai Pan, Sheng-Han Kuo
Summary: This article reviews the clinical features, pathophysiology, and various pathogenic mechanisms of essential tremor, highlighting the role of the cerebellum and the multiple abnormal brain circuitry that can contribute to action tremor.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessia Sarica, Andrea Quattrone, Marianna Crasa, Rita Nistico, Maria Grazia Vaccaro, Maria Giovanna Bianco, Vera Gramigna, Marida De Maria, Basilio Vescio, Federico Rocca, Aldo Quattrone
Summary: The study found that essential tremor (ET) and resting tremor (rET) are different tremor syndromes with mild cerebellar gray matter involvement in both. In rET patients, the left Crus II may play a crucial role in modulating brainstem excitability.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Arwa Rekik, Amina Nasri, Saloua Mrabet, Alya Gharbi, Amira Souissi, Amina Gargouri, Imen Kacem, Riadh Gouider
Summary: Mid-ET patients show greater cognitive dysfunction, depression, sleep disturbances, higher proportion of late-onset ET, and more extrapyramidal signs, indicating a greater cerebellar dysfunction.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dongning Su, Fangzhao Zhang, Zhu Liu, Shuo Yang, Ying Wang, Huizi Ma, Brad Manor, Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, Lewis A. Lipsitz, Hua Pan, Tao Feng, Junhong Zhou
Summary: The study investigated the multiscale dynamics of hand tremor in ET and PT patients, revealing lower complexity in ET compared to PT and the potential of complexity metric in distinguishing between the two conditions. Hand tremor complexity was found to be associated with disease duration and severity, serving as a promising diagnostic marker for ET and PT differentiation.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jos S. Becktepe, Johannes Busse, Ulf Jensen-Kondering, Inken Toedt, Stephan Wolff, Kirsten E. Zeuner, Daniela Berg, Oliver Granert, Guenther Deuschl
Summary: The study found a significant positive correlation between white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume and tremor severity, as well as a significant negative correlation with the mean accelerometric tremor frequency. The total WMH volume predicted tremor severity, while age and disease duration were not significant in our multiple linear regression model.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xupo Xing, Ningdi Luo, Shun Li, Liche Zhou, Chengli Song, Jun Liu
Summary: This study evaluated seven predictive models using machine learning algorithms to differentiate between Parkinson's disease and essential tremor. The results showed that random forest and extreme gradient boosting models had the best predictive ability. The analysis also revealed that the dominant frequency and average amplitude of surface electromyogram signals from flexors, as well as resting and winging postures, had the greatest impact on the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. Sharifi, F. Luft, S. Potgieter, T. Heida, W. Mugge, A. C. Schouten, L. J. Bour, A. F. van Rootselaar
Summary: The study aimed to clarify the role of the motor cortex in tremor generation in essential tremor (ET) and familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE). The results showed that the majority of ET patients lacked a linear cortical drive, with weaker ascending coupling in ET compared to healthy controls around 5-6 Hz.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sebastian Franthal, Michael Khalil, Daniela Kern, Lukas Gattermeyer, Arabella Buchmann, Petra Katschnig-Winter, Mariella Koegl, Rina Demjaha, Cansu Tafrali, Edith Hofer, Reinhold Schmidt, Petra Schwingenschuh
Summary: This study suggests that neurodegeneration may play a role in the pathophysiology of essential tremor and may occur at an early disease stage.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gianni Pezzoli, Emanuele Cereda, Paolo Amami, Santo Colosimo, Michela Barichella, Giorgio Sacilotto, Anna Zecchinelli, Michela Zini, Valentina Ferri, Carlotta Bolliri, Daniela Calandrella, Maria Grazia Bonelli, Viviana Cereda, Elisa Reali, Serena Caronni, Erica Cassani, Margherita Canesi, Francesca Del Sorbo, Paola Soliveri, Luigi Zecca, Catherine Klersy, Roberto Cilia, Ioannis U. Isaias
Summary: There is evidence suggesting a partial relationship between Parkinson's disease and diabetes. The occurrence of diabetes before the onset of Parkinson's disease delays its onset, while diabetes occurring after the onset of Parkinson's disease has no effect on survival. This study highlights the potential of antidiabetic drugs as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Margherita Tecilla, Michael Grossbach, Giovanni Gentile, Peter Holland, Sebastian Sporn, Angelo Antonini, Maria Herrojo Ruiz
Summary: This study examines the impact of dynamically inferring action-reward contingencies on motor performance. The results show that stronger predictions about the tendency of the action-reward contingency lead to faster movement tempo, but have little effect on reaction time. Additionally, we found no significant differences in this effect between age and Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Matej Perovnik, Tomaz Rus, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, David Eidelberg
Summary: Network analytical tools are used to study brain diseases by analyzing imaging maps. Specific networks can be identified and validated, allowing for quantitative assessment of pathway changes over time and during treatment. Network abnormalities can be identified before symptoms and used to track disease progression and treatment efficacy. The development of analogous methods for functional MRI has expanded the application of network tools to diverse patient populations.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
An Vo, Nha Nguyen, Koji Fujita, Katharina A. Schindlbeck, Andrea Rommal, Susan B. Bressman, Martin Niethammer, David Eidelberg
Summary: Primary dystonia is caused by abnormal functional relationships between basal ganglia and cerebellar motor circuits. Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) can provide unique information on the anatomy of abnormal brain circuits, and it is found that networks involving basal ganglia, cerebellum, thalamus, sensorimotor areas, and cortical association regions are elevated in hereditary and sporadic dystonia. The expression of these networks is correlated with dystonia motor ratings and can improve the accuracy of predictions for new treatments.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Guenther Deuschl, Angelo Antonini, Joao Costa, Katarzyna Smilowska, Daniela Berg, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Giovanni Fabbrini, Joaquim Ferreira, Tom Foltynie, Pablo Mir, Anette Schrag, Klaus Seppi, Pille Taba, Evzen Ruzicka, Marianna Selikhova, Nicholas Henschke, Gemma Villanueva, Elena Moro
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Stefanie Jost, Marie-Ann Kaldenbach, Angelo Antonini, Pablo Martinez-Martin, Lars Timmermann, Per Odin, Regina Katzenschlager, Rupam Borgohain, Alfonso Fasano, Fabrizio Stocchi, Nobutaka Hattori, Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle, Mayela Rodriguez-Violante, Cristian Falup-Pecurariu, Sebastian Schade, Jan Niklas Petry-Schmelzer, Vinod Metta, Daniel Weintraub, Guenther J. Deuschl, Alberto J. Espay, Eng-King Tan, Roongroj Bhidayasiri, Victor S. C. Fung, Francisco Cardoso, Claudia Trenkwalder, Peter Jenner, K. S. Ray Chaudhuri, Haidar Dafsari
Summary: This study reviewed the investigations on drug therapy for Parkinson's disease since 2010 and proposed a new drug conversion formula. These conversion formulas can help us compare drug regimens across different clinical trials. The results are important for studying the pharmacological efficacy of Parkinson's disease treatments as well as other non-pharmacological interventions.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aron Emmi, Michele Sandre, Francesco Paolo Russo, Giulia Tombesi, Federica Garri, Marta Campagnolo, Miryam Carecchio, Roberta Biundo, Gaya Spolverato, Veronica Macchi, Edoardo Savarino, Fabio Farinati, Piero Parchi, Andrea Porzionato, Luigi Bubacco, Raffaele De Caro, Gabor G. Kovacs, Angelo Antonini
Summary: This study revealed the presence of neuronal dysfunction and reactive gliosis in the duodenum of patients with Parkinson's disease, suggesting that the enteric nervous system is involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Correction
Clinical Neurology
Matej Perovnik, Tomaz Rus, Katharina A. A. Schindlbeck, David Eidelberg
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Vanessa Porrini, Andrea Pilotto, Marika Vezzoli, Annamaria Lanzillotta, Michele M. Gennari, Sonia Bonacina, Antonella Alberici, Rosanna Turrone, Arianna Bellucci, Angelo Antonini, Alessandro Padovani, Marina Pizzi
Summary: Although the key neuropathological hallmarks of Parkinson's disease (PD) are known, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of the disease still need to be elucidated. This study focused on evaluating the levels and activity of c-Rel protein, which may be involved in PD pathophysiology. The findings suggest that PD is characterized by the loss of NF-κB/c-Rel activity, and the reduction of c-Rel DNA-binding could potentially serve as a novel biomarker for PD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Angelo Antonini, Heinz Reichmann, Giovanni Gentile, Michela Garon, Chiara Tedesco, Anika Frank, Bjoern Falkenburger, Spyridon Konitsiotis, Konstantinos Tsamis, Georgios Rigas, Nicholas Kostikis, Adamantios Ntanis, Constantinos Pattichis
Summary: This article describes the results of two clinical studies validating the performance of a new wearable monitoring device, PDMonitor, in detecting Parkinson's disease-related motor symptoms. The studies demonstrated high accuracy and correlation between the severity of symptoms and expert evaluations, confirming the effectiveness of the system as a continuous telemonitoring solution for facilitating treatment decisions in patients with Parkinson's disease.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Valentina D'Onofrio, Nicoletta Manzo, Andrea Guerra, Andrea Landi, Valentina Baro, Sara Maeaettae, Luca Weis, Camillo Porcaro, Maurizio Corbetta, Angelo Antonini, Florinda Ferreri
Summary: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment for neurological disorders, but its mechanisms of action are not fully understood. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with DBS provides a unique approach to investigate the neurophysiology of the brain. Experimental studies have shown that DBS modulates cortical excitability and plasticity, which may contribute to its therapeutic effects. However, safety concerns limit the application of the TMS-DBS approach.
Article
Neurosciences
Aron Emmi, Stefania Rizzo, Luisa Barzon, Michele Sandre, Elisa Carturan, Alessandro Sinigaglia, Silvia Riccetti, Mila Della Barbera, Rafael Boscolo-Berto, Patrizia Cocco, Veronica Macchi, Angelo Antonini, Monica De Gaspari, Cristina Basso, Raffaele De Caro, Andrea Porzionato
Summary: Neurological manifestations are common in COVID-19 patients, and this study found evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the central nervous system. The researchers observed viral RNA and SARS-CoV-2-immunoreactive neurons in specific regions of the brain in COVID-19 patients. In addition, inflammation was observed in affected brainstem regions, indicating a role of brainstem inflammation in COVID-19. Further investigations are needed to understand the potential implications for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Angelo Antonini, Valentina D'Onofrio, Andrea Guerra
Summary: Advanced Parkinson's disease patients often experience poor mobility and functional decline despite medication adjustments. Drug delivery systems have been developed to bypass issues with oral levodopa absorption and have been proven effective in trials and real-world use. Future efforts should focus on early detection and global availability of these treatments.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Lorenzo Lupi, Anna Bordin, Gabriele Sales, Davide Colaianni, Adriana Vitiello, Alberto Biscontin, Alberto Reale, Alfredo Garzino-Demo, Angelo Antonini, Giancarlo Ottaviano, Carla Mucignat, Cristina Parolin, Arianna Calistri, Cristiano De Pitta
Summary: COVID-19 is a respiratory syndrome that can cause various symptoms, including deficits in smell and taste. Transcriptome analysis of olfactory mucosa revealed altered gene expression levels in patients with persistent olfactory deficits, with associations with inflammatory response and zinc homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Nicolo Gabriele Pozzi, Francesco Bolzoni, Gabriele Eliseo Mario Biella, Gianni Pezzoli, Chi Wang Ip, Jens Volkmann, Paolo Cavallari, Esther Asan, Ioannis Ugo Isaias
Summary: This study investigated the development of tremor in Parkinson's disease (PD) using a rat model with selective lesioning of LC-NA innervation. The results showed that LC-NA innervation plays a critical role in the development of PD tremor.
