Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lu Yu, Meili Xiao, Zhihua Zhu, Yinmei Wang, Zhihua Zhou, Pingping Wang, Gen Zou
Summary: An efficient genome-editing system based on in vitro assembled CRISPR/Cas9 gRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes was developed in C. purpurea. Three target genes were successfully knocked out using this system, resulting in mutants with different phenotypes. This study is of great significance for elucidating the EAS biosynthetic pathway and future basic and applied research on Claviceps purpurea.
SYNTHETIC AND SYSTEMS BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michaela Kralova, Jitka Frebortova, Ales Pencik, Ivo Frebort
Summary: Through targeted genetic modification, the production yield of ergot alkaloids from the parasitic fungus Claviceps purpurea in submerged cultures was significantly increased. Overexpression of the S76L mutated version of the trpE gene and the dmaW gene led to a substantial improvement in ergot alkaloids production.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Miao Liu, Wendy Findlay, Jeremy Dettman, Stephen A. Wyka, Kirk Broders, Parivash Shoukouhi, Kasia Dadej, Miroslav Kolarik, Arpeace Basnyat, Jim G. Menzies
Summary: Ergot fungi produce ergot alkaloids toxic to humans and animals, but also valuable for pharmaceuticals. Genome analysis of 53 strains from 19 Claviceps species revealed varied numbers of alkaloid genes and evolutionary patterns across the genus.
Article
Agronomy
Thomas Miedaner, Anna Kodisch, Armin Raditschnig, Jakob Eifler
Summary: The study found that less ergot-susceptible rye cultivars tend to contain lower levels of ergot alkaloids. Genotypes displayed significant variations in pollen shedding, ergot severity, and EA contents, with high heritabilities observed. The correlation between ergot severity and EA contents was strong, suggesting a consistent relationship between the two factors.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Soraya Hoefs, Valerie Jaut, Rudolf J. Schneider
Summary: The ergot alkaloids, a type of mycotoxin found in cereals, have caused numerous deaths. A portable and cost-effective test system for ergot alkaloid detection is essential for the food industry.
Article
Agronomy
Dejene Kebede, Isaac Onziga Dramadri, Patrick Rubaihayo, Thomas Odong, Richard Edema
Summary: Ergot is a significant disease in sorghum cultivation under favorable environmental conditions. Breeding for resistance is crucial to effectively manage ergot and promote sustainability. This study evaluated 358 sorghum genotypes and identified several resistant genotypes that could be used in breeding programs.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Aleksander Smakosz, Wiktoria Kurzyna, Michal Rudko, Mateusz Dasal
Summary: The study found that in the 19th century, the applications of ergot in gynecology and obstetrics were mainly focused on controlling excessive uterine bleeding, treating irregular spasms and fibrous tumors, and preventing miscarriages. Common dosage forms in the 19th century included tinctures, water extracts, pills, and powders. While ergot alkaloids were widely used in obstetrics, they are no longer used in developed countries in modern times, but may still play a significant role in developing countries in certain cases.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Carmen Hicks, Thomas E. Witte, Amanda Sproule, Tiah Lee, Parivash Shoukouhi, Zlatko Popovic, Jim G. Menzies, Christopher N. Boddy, Miao Liu, David P. Overy
Summary: This study used an untargeted metabolomics approach to profile extracts from C. purpurea sclerotia in different grain crops, revealing two distinct metabolomic classes based on ergot alkaloid content. Variations in alkaloid profiles were correlated to genetic differences within the lpsA gene of the ergot alkaloid biosynthetic gene cluster, suggesting ongoing adaptation in alkaloid content. The diversity of lpsA gene in this small subset of Canadian strains provides a framework for understanding the accelerated evolution of ergot alkaloid production in Claviceps purpurea.
Article
Mycology
Elna J. van der Linde, Kamila Pichova, Sylvie Pazoutova, Eva Stodulkova, Miroslav Flieger, Petr Novak, Miroslav Kolarik
Summary: This study surveyed the diversity of ergot in South Africa and identified 16 species, including 5 new species. The findings highlight Africa as a hotspot for ergot and suggest that co-speciation driven by host constraints plays a major role in its distribution in South Africa. Monitoring of ergot on invasive host grasses is crucial for understanding its invasive potential.
Article
Plant Sciences
Eleni Tente, Nelzo Ereful, Anyela Camargo Rodriguez, Paul Grant, Donal M. O'Sullivan, Lesley A. Boyd, Anna Gordon
Summary: The study revealed significant perturbations in host hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways during the interaction between wheat and Claviceps purpurea. Differential gene expression at the base of the ovary prior to pathogen arrival suggested the presence of a long-distance signal modulating host gene expression.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alejandro Garcia-Juan, Nuria Leon, Sergio Armenta, Olga Pardo
Summary: This study successfully developed and validated an analytical method for the simultaneous determination of ergot, tropane, and pyrrolizidine alkaloids in cereal-based food. The method showed high recoveries and precision, meeting the validation requirements. Analysis of reference materials further confirmed the reliability of the method. Analysis of actual samples revealed the presence of ergot alkaloids and pyrrolizidine alkaloids in some samples.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Thanapoom Maneeboon, Chananya Chuaysrinule, Warapa Mahakarnchanakul
Summary: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was optimized and successfully applied for the simultaneous extraction and quantification of aflatoxins from powdered senna leaves and pods. The optimized method showed good efficiency and accuracy, with recoveries, RSD values, and limits of detection and quantification within acceptable ranges. This method provides a reliable approach for the analysis of aflatoxins in dried senna leaves and pods.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Silvio Uhlig, Oscar Daniel Rangel-Huerta, Hege H. Divon, Elin Rolen, Kari Pauchon, Mark W. Sumarah, Trude Vralstad, Justin B. Renaud
Summary: This study aimed to detect as many peptide ergot alkaloids and indole diterpenoids in ergot sclerotia by using LC-HRMS/MS approach. Specific product ions in MS/MS data sets were used for data extraction, revealing different alkaloids specific for certain species within the Claviceps purpurea complex.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
P. Palma, M. Godoy, M. Vidal, A. Rivera, R. Calderon
Summary: Mycotoxin contamination in agro-food systems is a global concern. This study developed and validated an analytical method for the quantification of total aflatoxins (AFs) in merken, a mixed spice. The method showed satisfactory results and is important for future quality monitoring efforts.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Josep Pons, Alex Bedmar, Nerea Nunez, Javier Saurina, Oscar Nunez
Summary: The study utilized HPLC-UV and HPLC-FLD fingerprinting methods to authenticate different types of teas and effectively detect and quantify chicory adulteration, ensuring the quality and authenticity of food products.