Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yae Won Park, Philipp Vollmuth, Martha Foltyn-Dumitru, Felix Sahm, Kyu Sung Choi, Ji Eun Park, Sung Soo Ahn, Jong Hee Chang, Se Hoon Kim
Summary: The fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors published in 2021 focuses on the transitional state between traditional histopathology-based classification and molecular diagnostics. This review emphasizes the molecular diagnostics and imaging findings of glioneuronal and neuronal tumors, which often overlap with pediatric-type gliomas and circumscribed astrocytic gliomas. Due to this overlap, radiologists play a crucial role in utilizing imaging features to differentiate difficult cases with inconclusive histopathology and genetic alterations.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yae Won Park, Philipp Vollmuth, Martha Foltyn-Dumitru, Felix Sahm, Sung Soo Ahn, Jong Hee Chang, Se Hoon Kim
Summary: The fifth edition of the 2021 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors highlights the importance of molecular diagnostics and genetic alterations in the classification of gliomas. Molecular biomarkers now play a role in establishing tumor grades and providing prognostic information. Radiologists need to understand the changes in the classification for accurate imaging interpretation and communication with clinicians. This review series focuses on the implications of the 2021 WHO classification on imaging diagnosis for gliomas and other related tumors.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ye Zheng, Xiaoyu Ma, Shouchang Feng, Hongtao Zhu, Xin Chen, Xingjiang Yu, Kai Shu, Suojun Zhang
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM), the most malignant subtype of glioma, is resistant to traditional therapies and immunotherapies. Dendritic cell vaccine (DCV) has shown potential as a therapeutic method, but there are challenges to its use.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Tiarne van de Walle, Alessandra Vaccaro, Mohanraj Ramachandran, Ilkka Pietila, Magnus Essand, Anna Dimberg
Summary: Glioblastoma is an aggressive brain tumor with a low prevalence of tumor-reactive T cells, and recent data suggest that naive T cells may be activated within brain tumor-associated tertiary lymphoid structures. Promoting tertiary lymphoid structures could enhance priming of tumor antigen-targeted T cells and sensitize glioblastomas to cancer immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yae Won Park, Philipp Vollmuth, Martha Foltyn-Dumitru, Felix Sahm, Sung Soo Ahn, Jong Hee Chang, Se Hoon Kim
Summary: The fifth edition of the WHO classification of central nervous system tumors published in 2021 advances the role of molecular diagnostics in glioma classification. This review focuses on the molecular diagnostics and imaging findings of pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas, pediatric-type diffuse low-grade gliomas, and circumscribed astrocytic gliomas. Understanding molecular diagnostics and imaging findings is crucial for radiologists in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ya-Jui Lin, Caren Yu-Ju Wu, Janet Yuling Wu, Michael Lim
Summary: Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive glioma with resistance to immunotherapy, primarily due to the unique immune environment. Myeloid cells play a significant role in the glioma microenvironment and reprogramming them has emerged as a revolutionary immunotherapy for glioma treatment. This article provides a detailed classification and analysis of myeloid cells in glioma TME, aiming to offer new insights and therapeutic approaches for improving treatment efficacy in glioma patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Kolak, Izabela Herman-Sucharska, Malgorzata Radon-Pokracka, Malgorzata Stolarek, Anna Horbaczewska, Hubert Huras
Summary: The study showed that prenatal MRI had low accuracy in diagnosing complex brain defects, and was not suitable for replacing postnatal tests. Therefore, the possibility of replacing postnatal studies with pMRI was not supported.
Review
Oncology
Claire A. Conarroe, Timothy N. J. Bullock
Summary: High-grade gliomas are malignant brain tumors, and despite the use of immunotherapies, patient outcomes remain poor. Dendritic cells (DC) play a crucial role in initiating an immune response against tumors, but research on their activity in high-grade gliomas is lacking. This review discusses the role of DC in the central nervous system, their infiltration in high-grade gliomas, antigen presentation, immunogenicity, and subsets involved in the antitumor immune response. It also explores the implications of suboptimal DC function in immunotherapies and opportunities for optimization in treating high-grade gliomas.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Wei Ma, Liang Zhou, Wei Li, Xiujuan Li, Yan Huang, Sijie Gao, Jie Yu, Yuan Fang, Ye Xu
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and brain MRI data of 114 children with CNS-HLH. The results showed that brain MRI features have an independent predictive value for mortality in these children. Restricted diffusion of the lesion and the count of affected brain regions were identified as independent risk factors for death.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yushi Kawazoe, Shigeo Ohba, Kazuhiro Murayama, Shunsuke Nakae, Yuya Nishiyama, Masato Abe, Mitsuhiro Hasegawa, Yuichi Hirose
Summary: Contrast-enhanced MRI, perfusion MRI, and quantitative analysis of H-1-MRS are valuable techniques for distinguishing PCNSV from glioblastoma before surgery.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sheng Wang, Hailin Shen, Qiulian Mao, Qing Tao, Guotao Yuan, Lingli Zeng, Ziying Chen, Yunjiao Zhang, Liang Cheng, Jingzhong Zhang, Hui Dai, Chunhong Hu, Yue Pan, Yonggang Li
Summary: A macrophage loaded with a photothermal nanoprobe was developed to cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate into deep gliomas for multimodal imaging and guided surgery purposes. This nanoplatform shows promise for achieving accurate diagnosis, imaging-guided surgery, and effective photothermal therapy for gliomas.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Carlos Perez-Serrano, Alvaro Bartolome, Nuria Bargallo, Carmen Sebastia, Alfons Nadal, Olga Gomez, Laura Oleaga
Summary: This article discusses the evaluation of the CNS system using post-mortem MRI, including protocol description, normal and abnormal results, and correlation with histopathological results, aiming to guide radiologists in their role in perinatal deaths.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hongxi Zhang, Xingwang Yong, Xiaohui Ma, Jianjiang Zhao, Zhipeng Shen, Xinchun Chen, Fengyu Tian, Weibo Chen, Dan Wu, Yi Zhang
Summary: APT imaging can differentiate high-grade and low-grade gliomas in pediatric patients, and provides additional value beyond quantitative relaxation times.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shengyu Fang, Lianwang Li, Shimeng Weng, Yuhao Guo, Xing Fan, Tao Jiang, Yinyan Wang
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between functional network changes and glioma-related epilepsy (GRE) in patients with different molecular diagnoses. Graph theory analysis revealed that GRE patients had shorter shortest path length, regardless of chromosome 1p/19q status. Nodes in the premotor and supplementary motor areas showed decreased centrality and vulnerability in GRE patients with intact chromosome 1p/19q. However, the primary motor area showed decreased vulnerability and the sensory-related thalamus showed increased vulnerability in GRE patients with 1p/19q co-deletion. Decreased shortest path length, grade 2, and decreased centrality in the premotor area were identified as risk factors for GRE.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Angela Bernabeu-Sanz, Maria Fuentes-Baile, Cristina Alenda
Summary: The study found that IDH1-wt tumors are more necrotic than IDH1-mut tumors, and that the infiltrative pattern in HGG is associated with loss of p53 expression, Ki-67 index, and Glx levels. Additionally, tumor choline levels could be used as a predictive factor in survival, in addition to IDH1 status, to provide a more accurate prediction of survival in HGG patients.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)