Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rajesh Sharma
Summary: Breast cancer is the leading malignancy in African females, causing 74,072 deaths and 168,690 cases in 2018. Nigeria has the highest burden with 26,310 cases and 11,564 deaths. The main challenges in tackling breast cancer in Africa include late-stage disease presentation, lack of screening and therapeutic infrastructure, lack of awareness, and limited resources.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jacques Ferlay, Murielle Colombet, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Donald M. Parkin, Marion Pineros, Ariana Znaor, Freddie Bray
Summary: The study briefly reviews the methods and data sources used in compiling the IARC GLOBOCAN cancer statistics for 2020 and summarizes the main results. It estimated that there were nearly 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10 million cancer deaths worldwide in 2020, with the most commonly diagnosed cancers being female breast cancer and lung cancer, and the most common causes of cancer death being lung cancer and liver cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Rajesh Sharma
Summary: This study examined the burden of breast cancer in 185 countries in 2018 using data from GLOBOCAN 2018. The study found a significant burden in developing and low-resource economies, calling for a comprehensive approach to cancer management and control. The findings highlight the importance of oncologic infrastructure, breast cancer awareness, and risk factor mitigation in reducing the burden of breast cancer globally.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saahithh Redddi Patlola, Gary Donohoe, Declan P. McKernan
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors that protect the brain from self and foreign antigens/pathogens and can elicit a harmful or beneficial immune response. TLR activation has been associated with neurodegenerative diseases and cytokine imbalance in schizophrenia. This review explores the current literature on TLRs, their potential role in schizophrenia pathogenesis, factors affecting TLR activity and their impact on cognitive performance in schizophrenia.
Article
Oncology
Hyuna Sung, Jacques Ferlay, Rebecca L. Siegel, Mathieu Laversanne, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Ahmedin Jemal, Freddie Bray
Summary: The global cancer burden in 2020 saw an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases and almost 10.0 million cancer deaths. Female breast cancer surpassed lung cancer as the most commonly diagnosed cancer, while lung cancer remained the leading cause of cancer death. These trends are expected to rise in 2040, with transitioning countries experiencing a larger increase compared to transitioned countries due to demographic changes and risk factors associated with globalization and a growing economy. Efforts to improve cancer prevention measures and provision of cancer care in transitioning countries will be crucial for global cancer control.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eileen Morgan, Melina Arnold, A. Gini, V Lorenzoni, C. J. Cabasag, Mathieu Laversanne, Jerome Vignat, Jacques Ferlay, Neil Murphy, Freddie Bray
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, with the highest incidence rates in Australia/New Zealand and Europe, and the lowest rates in Africa and Southern Asia. The burden of colorectal cancer is projected to increase by 2040, with the majority of cases predicted to occur in high HDI countries.
Editorial Material
Oncology
S. V. S. Deo, Jyoti Sharma, Sunil Kumar
Summary: Cancer is becoming a major global public health challenge, with the burden of cancer increasing globally according to the GLOBOCAN 2020 report which estimates the occurrence of 36 cancers in 185 countries. There are global disparities in cancer incidence and mortality in different geographic regions, and the human development index (HDI) also affects cancer incidence and projected global burden. Surgical oncologists play a crucial role in future global cancer control strategies.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Rajesh Sharma
Summary: In 2018, there were approximately 200,166 cases and 74,956 deaths attributed to childhood cancers globally. Leukaemia and brain cancers were the dominant cancer groups, accounting for 45% and 57% of cases, respectively. The incidence rates showed a positive correlation with HDI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER CARE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Li, X. H. Kuang, Y. Zhang, D. M. Hu, K. Liu
Summary: Gastric cancer in adolescents and young adults is often overlooked. The global incidence and mortality of gastric cancer show a decreasing trend, with Asia being the main region with the highest burden. The disease burden of gastric cancer is closely associated with the Human Development Index.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rajesh Sharma, Aashima, Mehak Nanda, Claudio Fronterre, Paul Sewagudde, Anna E. Ssentongo, Kelsey Yenney, Nina D. Arhin, John Oh, Forster Amponsah-Manu, Paddy Ssentongo
Summary: Cancer incidence and mortality rates in Africa are increasing, and this study aims to establish the spatial epidemiology of cancer burden in Africa and examine its association with country-level socioeconomic status. The study also provides forecasts of cancer burden for 2040 and evaluates infrastructure availability across all African countries.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Margherita Pizzato, Mengmeng Li, Jerome Vignat, Mathieu Laversanne, Deependra Singh, Carlo La Vecchia, Salvatore Vaccarella
Summary: The incidence rates of thyroid cancer in 2020 were higher in high human development index countries compared to low and medium human development index countries. However, mortality rates were relatively similar across different settings. This suggests an overdiagnosis effect in many countries and confirms the relevance of thyroid cancer overdiagnosis as a global public health problem.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hongcheng Zhu, Zezhou Wang, Bingbin Deng, Miao Mo, Honggang Wang, Ke Chen, Haoxuan Wu, Ting Ye, Boyan Wang, Dashan Ai, Shennan Hao, Ihsuan Tseng, Kuaile Zhao
Summary: Asia has a significantly high burden of esophageal cancer, with 79.7% and 79.8% of global new cases and deaths occurring in the region in 2020. The predicted number of new cases in Asia is expected to reach 781,000 by 2040, with a significant increase in incidence and mortality rates. It is crucial to prioritize strategies targeting high-incidence areas, the elderly, and survival in order to reduce the global burden of esophageal cancer, particularly in low- and middle-income countries in Asia.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
K. M. Fan, J. Rimal, P. Zhang, N. W. Johnson
Summary: GLOBOCAN 2020 and Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 are two widely recognized global online cancer databases. This study examines the differences between these two platforms and provides an explanation for the discrepancies found in lip and oral cancer (LOC) data. The analysis focuses on ten countries with extreme differences and evaluates the quality of the data.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bin Lu, Na Li, Chen-Yu Luo, Jie Cai, Ming Lu, Yu-Han Zhang, Hong-Da Chen, Min Dai
Summary: This study evaluated the global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its association with human development index (HDI), finding that countries with higher HDIs tend to have higher incidence and mortality rates of CRC. Significant increases in CRC incidence and mortality were observed in a number of countries, while some countries showed decreasing trends. Factors such as alcohol consumption, cholesterol levels, unemployment, and healthcare systems were associated with CRC incidence and mortality rates.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Citadel J. Cabasag, Paula J. Fagan, Jacques Ferlay, Jerome Vignat, Mathieu Laversanne, Lihua Liu, Maaike A. Aa, Freddie Bray, Isabelle Soerjomataram
Summary: This study provides an overview of the global burden of ovarian cancer and predicts the future burden, particularly in low Human Development Index (HDI) countries. It shows geographic variations in incidence and mortality rates, with higher burden in low HDI countries. The study highlights the need for global action to reduce the burden and inequality of ovarian cancer in access to quality cancer care and treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)