Review
Immunology
Amber N. Carrier, Anjali Verma, Muhammad Mohiuddin, Manuel Pascual, Yannick D. Muller, Alban Longchamp, Chandra Bhati, Leo H. Buhler, Daniel G. Maluf, Raphael P. H. Meier
Summary: Organ allotransplantation is hindered by the limited supply of human donor organs. Xenotransplantation has the potential to address this shortage by using organs from pigs with gene editing. Recent research progress in the United States includes successful trials of pig-to-human heart and kidney xenotransplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Patrick Yerly, Samuel Rotman, Julien Regamey, Vincent Aubert, Stefania Aur, Matthias Kirsch, Roger Hullin, Manuel Pascual
Summary: Antibody-mediated rejection is a major barrier in organ transplantation and may be treated by blocking the complement cascade.
XENOTRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei-Song Xue, Hao-Jie Zhang, Jing-Jing Ke, Yu Fu, Qing Peng, Li Li, Yi Gao, Ke-Bo Zhong
Summary: The safety and efficacy of a transgenic porcine liver synthesizing human albumin and coagulation factor VII within a bioartificial system were evaluated. The transgenic pig livers were able to synthesize and secrete the human proteins while maintaining their normal liver functions, showing potential for treating acute liver failure.
HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISEASES INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jae Won Oh, Chang Ho Yoon, Jin Suk Ryu, Kwang Pyo Kim, Mee Kum Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the major rejection pathways in corneal xenotransplantation and to find biomarkers in aqueous humor for predicting rejection. The results showed that complement proteins and cholesterol metabolic proteins were related to xenogeneic rejection, and alternative pathways of the complement system played an important role in rejection. Additionally, NF-kappa B1 and proteosomes seemed to be associated with xenogeneic graft rejection, and oxidative phosphorylation and leukocyte activation-related pathways were involved in rejection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Renan B. Sper, Jessica Proctor, Odessa Lascina, Ling Guo, Kathryn Polkoff, Tobias Kaeser, Sean Simpson, Luke Borst, Katherine Gleason, Xia Zhang, Bruce Collins, Yanet Murphy, Jeffrey L. Platt, Jorge A. Piedrahita
Summary: Mice with severe combined immunodeficiency are commonly used as hosts for human cells, but their size, longevity, and physiology limit their ability to model human systems. In this study, researchers generated immunodeficient pigs and successfully transplanted human cells into them, demonstrating that the pig thymus provides a suitable microenvironment for engraftment and development of human T-cells.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hien Lau, Shiri Li, Nicole Corrales, Samuel Rodriguez, Mohammadreza Mohammadi, Michael Alexander, Paul de Vos, Jonathan Lakey
Summary: Nec-1 supplementation has positive effects on both the in vitro and in vivo function of isolated PPIs, especially when added on day 3 of culture. It significantly improves islet recovery, proliferation and differentiation of endocrine cells. The use of Nec-1 can shorten time to normoglycemia, improve glycemic control, and increase circulating insulin levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei K. Wu, Matthew T. Stier, John W. Stokes, Rei Ukita, Yatrik J. Patel, Michael Cortelli, Stuart R. Landstreet, Jennifer R. Talackine, Nancy L. Cardwell, Elizabeth M. Simonds, Meredith Mentz, Cindy Lowe, Clayne Benson, Caitlin T. Demarest, Sophoclis P. Alexopoulos, Ciara M. Shaver, Matthew Bacchetta
Summary: There is a need for improved methods to expand the pool of suitable donor lungs for transplantation. Cross-circulation between swine and human lungs has been shown to facilitate the recovery of donor lungs with reversible injuries. However, the immunologic interactions in this xenogeneic platform have not been characterized. Despite the infiltration of porcine immune cells and immunoglobulin, xenogeneic cross-circulation supported the viability and improvement of human donor lungs over 24 hours.
Review
Immunology
Xiaoxue Li, Ying Wang, Haiyuan Yang, Yifan Dai
Summary: Liver diseases affect a significant portion of the Chinese population, and the lack of donors is a major problem. Porcine xenotransplantation of liver and hepatocytes has the potential to provide therapeutic benefits and alleviate the shortage of donors for patients with severe liver diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Qiao Zhou, Ting Li, Kaiwen Wang, Qi Zhang, Zhuowen Geng, Shaoping Deng, Chunming Cheng, Yi Wang
Summary: Transplantation is a last resort for end-stage organ failures, but the shortage of donor organs limits its success. Xenotransplantation of pig organs is an alternative, but immune rejection is a major challenge. This review comprehensively discusses the mechanisms of immune rejection and strategies to prevent it, such as gene knockout donors and immunosuppressive regimens.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bruno Reichart, David K. C. Cooper, Matthias Laengin, Ralf R. Toenjes, Richard N. Pierson, Eckhard Wolf
Summary: Heart transplantation is the most effective treatment for patients with terminal/advanced cardiac failure, but the limited availability of donor organs leads to high mortality rate on the waitlist. Mechanical assist devices are currently the only alternative, but their complication rate remains high. Pig heart xenotransplantation has emerged as a potential option, and this review discusses the concept, pathobiological aspects, and safety considerations of this approach. It also highlights the need for a regulatory and ethical framework for the safe clinical development of cardiac xenotransplantation.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaki Nagaya, Koki Hasegawa, Ayuko Uchikura, Kazuaki Nakano, Masahito Watanabe, Kazuhiro Umeyama, Hitomi Matsunari, Kenji Osafune, Eiji Kobayashi, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Hiroshi Nagashima
Summary: Pigs, as large animal models, are well-suited for diabetes research due to their similarities with humans and the potential for testing novel treatment strategies. Advancements in genetic engineering have facilitated the development of transgenic porcine models of diabetes, showing promise for translational studies.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Dong Niu, Xiang Ma, Taoyan Yuan, Yifan Niu, Yibin Xu, Zhongxin Sun, Yuan Ping, Weifen Li, Jufang Zhang, Tao Wang, George M. Church
Summary: Xenotransplantation of pig organs offers a potential solution to the shortage of donor organs for human patients but faces challenges such as immune rejection and the risk of porcine endogenous retrovirus transmission. Advances in genome engineering and immunosuppressive medications have the potential to overcome these barriers, leading to promising preclinical results and upcoming clinical trials for organs like islet, kidney, and heart transplantation.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Chi-Ping Huang, Chun-Chie Wu, Chih-Rong Shyr
Summary: The study suggests that the novel xenogeneic urothelial cell-based immunotherapy alone or in synergy with chemotherapy shows potential for advanced bladder cancer treatment. The combination treatment was more effective in extending survival time and suppressing tumor progression in mouse models compared to single therapies. Immunohistological staining, cellular, and molecular analysis demonstrated increased tumor-infiltrating immune cells with xenogeneic urothelial cell immunotherapy and combination treatments.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seungwon Yoon, Yunhui Min, Chungyu Park, Dahye Kim, Yunji Heo, Mangeun Kim, Eugene Son, Mrinmoy Ghosh, Young-Ok Son, Chang-Gi Hur
Summary: This study evaluated immune cell infiltration in pig meniscus transplantation and compared the biocompatibility of normal and genetically edited pig meniscus. The results showed that genetically edited pig meniscus had less infiltration at the transplant boundary, suggesting its potential in preventing immune rejection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luhan Yang, George Church, Hong-Ye Zhao, Lusheng Huang, Yangbin Gao, Hong-Jiang Wei, Geoffrey Yang
Summary: Germline editing, the process of editing an individual's genome to create heritable changes, has been extensively applied to modify the pig genome, serving as a model system to study methodologies, applications, and challenges of mammalian germline genome editing. The broad implications of animal germline editing and its potential clinical applications are also discussed in this context.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Maarten Naesens, Evelyne Lerut, Marie-Paule Emonds, Albert Herelixka, Pieter Evenepoel, Kathleen Claes, Bert Bammens, Ben Sprangers, Bjorn Meijers, Ina Jochmans, Diethard Monbaliu, Jacques Pirenne, Dirk R. J. Kuyperst
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Surgery
L. Heylen, J. Pirenne, U. Samuel, I. Tieken, M. Naesens, B. Sprangers, I. Jochmans
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2017)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ward A. Heggermont, Gregor Verhoef, Pieter Evenepoel, Ben Sprangers, Evelyn Lerut, Thomas Tousseyn, Kathleen Claes
ACTA CLINICA BELGICA
(2017)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kathleen J. Claes, Annick Massart, Laure Collard, Laurent Weekers, Eric Goffin, Jean-Michel Pochet, Karin Dahan, Johann Morelle, Brigitte Adams, Nilufer Broeders, Patrick Stordeur, Daniel Abramowicz, Jean-Louis Bosmans, Koen Van Hoeck, Peter Janssens, Lissa Pipeleers, Patrick Peeters, Steven Van Laecke, Elena Levtchenko, Ben Sprangers, Lambertus van den Heuvel, Nathalie Godefroid, Johan Van de Walle
ACTA CLINICA BELGICA
(2018)
Article
Oncology
Isabelle Dierckx de Casterle, Sabine Fevery, Omer Rutgeerts, Fariba Poosti, Sofie Struyf, Caroline Lenaerts, Mark Waer, An D. Billiau, Ben Sprangers
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2018)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ben Sprangers, D. Decoo, D. Dive, A. Lysandropoulos, L. Vanopdenbosch, C. Bovy
ACTA NEUROLOGICA BELGICA
(2018)
Article
Surgery
L. Heylen, I. Jochmans, U. Samuel, I. Tieken, M. Naesens, J. Pirenne, B. Sprangers
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2018)
Article
Surgery
B. Sprangers, S. DeWolf, T. M. Savage, T. Morokata, A. Obradovic, S. A. LoCascio, B. Shonts, J. Zuber, S. P. Lau, R. Shah, H. Morris, V. Steshenko, E. Zorn, F. I. Preffer, S. Olek, D. M. Dombkowski, L. A. Turka, R. Colvin, R. Winchester, T. Kawai, M. Sykes
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
L. Heylen, B. Thienpont, M. Naesens, J. Depreeuw, P. Busschaert, D. Kuypers, I. Jochmans, D. Monbaliu, J. Pirenne, D. Lambrechts, B. Sprangers
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
L. Heylen, M. Naesens, B. Sprangers, S. Heye, P. Verhamme, I. Jochmans, D. Monbaliu, J. Pirenne, D. Kuypers, K. Claes
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2016)
Article
Hematology
Jan Van Keer, Michel Delforge, Daan Dierickx, Kathelijne Peerlinck, Evelyne Lerut, Ben Sprangers
CASE REPORTS IN HEMATOLOGY
(2016)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Line Heylen, Jacques Pirenne, Undine Samuel, Ineke Tieken, Maarten Naesens, Ina Jochmans, Ben Sprangers
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Line Heylen, Bernard Thienpont, Maarten Naesens, Pieter Busschaert, Jeroen Depreeuw, Ina Jochmans, Diethard Monbaliu, Jacques Pirenne, Evelyne Lerut, Bart Ghesquiere, Dirk Kuypers, Diether Lambrechts, Ben Sprangers
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Line Heylen, Jacques Pirenne, Undine Samuel, Ineke Tieken, Maarten Naesens, Ben Sprangers, Ina Jochmans
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Kristel Ferong, Willy Coosemans, Ina Jochmans, Mauricio Sainz, Pieter Gillard, Chantal Mathieu, Dirk Kuypers, Pieter Evenepoel, Kathleen Claes, Bert Bammens, Maarten Naessens, Ben Sprangers, Bjorn Meijers, Jacques Pirenne, Diethard Monbaliu
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2017)