Article
Virology
Shanshan Fan, Zihang Xu, Pengfei Liu, Yali Qin, Mingzhou Chen
Summary: Several viruses inhibit the formation of RNA processing bodies, including enterovirus 71, which relies on its 2A protease to block P-body formation and promote viral replication. The interaction between DDX6 and viral RNA also facilitates viral replication.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Xiaohui Zhao, Huijun Yuan, Hang Yang, Yan Liu, Meng Xun, Xiaozhen Li, Tingting Fan, Bo Wu, Shangrui Guo, Hongliang Wang
Summary: EV71 is a common pathogen causing hand, foot, and mouth disease in young children, and it is associated with severe neurological complications. This study found that the ER-resident acetyltransferase NAT8 is a host factor for EV71 infection and promotes viral replication by interacting with viral proteins.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Minyeong Kim, Seong-Ryeol Kim, Jiye Park, Seo-Hyeon Mun, Myounghai Kwak, Hyun-Jeong Ko, Seung-Hoon Baek
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the structure and anti-enterovirus 71 (EV71) effects of polysaccharides extracted from the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis (SO), traditionally used for infectious diseases. The results showed that the purified polysaccharide (S-a3) significantly inhibited cell death and viral gene expression in EV71-infected cells, and alleviated EV71-induced symptoms in a mouse model. The effective dose of S-a3 was non-toxic. This study demonstrates that polysaccharides from SO can be a safe and effective treatment for EV71 infection.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yu-Ting Liao, Huey-Pin Tsai, Shih-Min Wang, Shun-Hua Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that 6-OHDA treatment in EV71-infected mice increased the survival rate and decreased clinical scores. Additionally, 6-OHDA treatment resulted in decreased levels of NE, epinephrine, dopamine, and interferon-gamma in plasma. Furthermore, there were significant increases in certain immune cell populations in the peripheral blood and spleen after 6-OHDA treatment in infected mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tianrun Liu, Yingyu Li, Lumeng Wang, Xiaomeng Zhang, Yuxuan Zhang, Xuejie Gai, Li Chen, Lei Liu, Limin Yang, Baixin Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of mulberry leaf on enterovirus 71 (EV71) using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments. The results revealed that quercetin, a major ingredient in mulberry leaf, exhibits potent anti-EV71 properties by inhibiting the NF-kappa B signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yasir Mohamud, Hui Tang, Yuan Chao Xue, Huitao Liu, Chen Seng Ng, Amirhossein Bahreyni, Honglin Luo
Summary: Coxsackievirus B3 targets TFEB for proteolytic processing to disrupt host lysosomal function and enhance viral infection.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ammar M. Hassanbhai, Meng Chee Phoon, Vincent T. Chow, Bow Ho
Summary: This study investigates the interactions between enterovirus 71 (EV71) and the biofilm formed by Helicobacter pylori. The results show that the H. pylori biofilm can prolong the survival of EV71 and the quantity of biofilm formation affects the viability of the virus. This suggests that the H. pylori biofilm may serve as an additional pathway for EV71 transmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Yiyun Michelle Fan, Yizhuo Lyanne Zhang, Amirhossein Bahreyni, Honglin Luo, Yasir Mohamud
Summary: This study investigated how enteroviruses utilize the cellular autophagy pathway for replication. The authors discovered that Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) selectively degrades the autophagy cysteine protease ATG4A and identified the site at which CVB3 protease 2A cleaves ATG4A. Furthermore, cleavage of ATG4A was found to result in a loss of autophagy function.
Article
Immunology
Natalia I. Romanenkova, Thi Thanh Thao Nguyen, Liudmila N. Golitsyna, Natalia V. Ponomareva, Nadezhda R. Rozaeva, Olga I. Kanaeva, Artem V. Leonov, Nadezhda A. Novikova, Maina A. Bichurina
Summary: In South Vietnam, a high proportion of enterovirus 71 (EVA71) was found in cases of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), enteroviral meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). The majority of EVA71 belonged to genotype C4, while a smaller percentage belonged to genotype B5. This highlights the importance of surveillance, outbreak prediction, and vaccination to combat EVA71-associated infections.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Guangyan Zhu, Chengyuan Wu, Qian Wang, Danchun Deng, Binbin Lin, Xujuan Hu, Fang Qiu, Zhengnan Li, Chaolin Huang, Qingyu Yang, Dingyu Zhang
Summary: This study explores the role of HSP90 in EV71 replication and its potential as a target for anti-EV71 agents. It finds that a HSP90 inhibitor, VER50589, can effectively inhibit EV71 replication and also shows activity against other enteroviruses. The antiviral activity of VER50589 is mediated through the regulation of the AKT and RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathways.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Virology
Bing Xu, Jinfeng Wang, Bin Yan, Chengdong Xu, Qian Yin, Deyan Yang
Summary: The subgroups of EV71 in hand, foot, and mouth disease showed global spatial-temporal variation, with early infections in Europe and America by subgroups B0, B1, and B2 being replaced by subgroups C1, C2, C3, and C4 as the predominant genotypes, particularly in Asia-Pacific countries.
Article
Virology
Bridget M. Hulsebosch, Bryan C. Mounce
Summary: The study identified the host polyamine pathway as a potential drug target for treating enterovirus infections, showing that inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis can significantly reduce enterovirus replication. However, enteroviruses can develop resistance to treatment through mutations in the 2A protease, which affects viral fitness.
Article
Virology
Jiqin Sun, Xiaoyao Ma, Lishan Sun, Yang Zhang, Cui Hao, Wei Wang
Summary: In this study, the anti-EV71 activities and mechanisms of Proanthocyanidins (PC), a natural flavonoid compound, were investigated. The results showed that PC can block the adsorption and entry processes of EV71 by directly binding to virus VP1 protein. PC can also regulate three different MAPK signaling pathways to reduce EV71 infection and attenuate virus induced inflammatory responses. Importantly, intramuscular therapy of EV71-infected mice with PC markedly improved their survival and attenuated the severe clinical symptoms. Therefore, PC has potential to be developed into a novel anti-EV71 agent targeting viral VP1 protein and MAPK pathways.
Review
Microbiology
Shiraz Feferbaum-Leite, Igor Andrade Santos, Victoria Riquena Grosche, Gislaine Celestino Dutra da Silva, Ana Carolina Gomes Jardim
Summary: Enteroviruses, including enterovirus A71 (EVA71), are responsible for various diseases, with EVA71 being the second leading cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), especially in Asia-Pacific countries. HFMD mostly affects infants and children with mild symptoms, but it can lead to severe nervous system disorders in children and immunosuppressed adults. The virus is highly contagious and transmitted through fecal-oral, oropharyngeal secretions, and fomites. Despite the global burden of EVA71, there are currently no approved antiviral treatments or vaccines available worldwide. Recent research has focused on describing and summarizing the potential of natural and synthetic compounds with antiviral activity against EVA71, with the hope of encouraging further studies and advancements in this field.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Chung-Fan Hsieh, Yu-Li Chen, Guan-Hua Lin, Yoke Fun Chan, Pei-Wen Hsieh, Jim-Tong Horng
Summary: 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3,4-DCQA) exhibits significant anti-enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) activity and has a broad inhibitory spectrum against different EV-A71 genotypes. It targets certain residues in the VP1 protein, disrupting viral attachment to host cells. Furthermore, 3,4-DCQA specifically inhibits the binding of EV-A71 to the host receptor heparan sulfate (HS).
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Cappelletti, Thomas Hauser, Ilaria Piazza, Monika Pepelnjak, Liliana Malinovska, Tobias Fuhrer, Yaozong Li, Christian Doerig, Paul Boersema, Ludovic Gillet, Jan Grossbach, Aurelien Dugourd, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Andreas Beyer, Nicola Zamboni, Amedeo Caflisch, Natalie de Souza, Paola Picotti
Summary: The global protein structural readout based on limited proteolysis-mass spectrometry (LiP-MS) can detect functional alterations in biological processes with high resolution and coverage simultaneously and in situ. Analysis of structural barcodes can capture changes in enzyme activity, phosphorylation, protein aggregation, complex formation, and more.
Article
Cell Biology
Qixu Cai, Menglong Zeng, Xiandeng Wu, Haowei Wu, Yumeng Zhan, Ruijun Tian, Mingjie Zhang
Summary: CaMKIIα plays a crucial role in synapses by interacting with Shank3 and GluN2B, regulating synaptic plasticity through the modulation of Ca2+ concentration and phosphatases. The shuttling of CaMKIIα between specific PSD subcompartments and PSD condensates controlled by protein phosphatases contributes to PSD assembly enlargement and structural long-term potentiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guangrong Hu, Yonghan He, Yaozong Li, Xiao Hu, Sida Liu, Chang Liao, Rui Zhang, Xinyao Zhou, Hui Sun
Summary: The study investigated the effect of chronic hypoxia on TRPC6 in human podocytes. The results showed that chronic hypoxia significantly increased TRPC6 mRNA and protein expression levels, leading to an increase in intracellular Ca2+. Additionally, hypoxia induced cytoskeleton reorganization in podocytes, resulting in cell injury and dysfunction.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Elena V. Moroz-Omori, Danzhi Huang, Rajiv Kumar Bedi, Sherry J. Cheriyamkunnel, Elena Bochenkova, Aymeric Dolbois, Maciej D. Rzeczkowski, Yaozong Li, Lars Wiedmer, Amedeo Caflisch
Summary: The METTL3 inhibitor was found to significantly reduce the levels of m(6)A methylation in mRNA across various cell lines, with effects lasting up to 6 days, while exhibiting selectivity towards other RNA methyltransferases without affecting their levels.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yikai Li, Jing Peng, Zhongjie Shi, Yaozong Li, Haiyan Chen
Summary: This study investigates the effects of pilot injections on main spray autoignition near spray misfire, under extreme conditions of low temperature or high altitude. It is found that the role of pilot injections can either promote or inhibit the autoignition of main spray, depending on the ambient temperature and the effects of cool flame heat absorption. In cold-start conditions, the thermal effects of cool flame are dominant in promoting the autoignition of the main spray.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaozong Li, Xiangrong Li, Weiren Cao, Zhicheng Shi, Yaqing Bo, Han Wu
Summary: Impinging spray ignition has been studied through 3-D simulation at different ambient temperatures and wall temperatures, revealing that fuel-air mixing and ignition processes are influenced by wall cooling. As temperature decreases, attached fuel mass increases linearly and ignition threshold rises, while the participation of fuel film in combustion decreases.
Article
Biology
Xiaozheng Xu, Takeya Masubuchi, Qixu Cai, Yunlong Zhao, Enfu Hui
Summary: Cell surface inhibitory receptors PD-1 and BTLA recruit SHP1 and SHP2 in different ways, with PD-1 primarily utilizing ITSM to bind to SHP2 and BTLA mainly using ITIM to bind to SHP1. Structural simulation and mutagenesis screening revealed that the recruitment activity of SHP1 depends on the molecular volume of the pY+1 residue in ITIM in a bell-shaped manner.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaozong Li, Han Wu, Yanli Liu, Lu Zhang, Yongping Qiang, Wei Liu, Jinlong Liu, Honglin Bai, Caifeng Hao, Yang Li
Summary: The study modified a four-stroke engine for two-stroke operation and optimized the combustion system, resulting in the same power output and better efficiency compared to the original engine. The findings suggest that the poppet-valve two-stroke engine is an effective technical approach for engine downsizing.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Haiying Li, Xiaoqin Zhang, Chaofan Li, Rulou Cao, Weiqing Zhu, Yaozong Li, Fengchun Liu, Yufeng Li
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of altitude on the main combustion characteristics of diesel engines, including in-cylinder fluid flow, spray behavior, and pressure and temperature distribution. The simulation results showed that higher altitude led to longer ignition delay and decreased combustion efficiency. The study also revealed the processes of end-gas ignition, sequential combustion, and pressure oscillation in knocking combustion.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yaozong Li, Xiangrong Li, Zhongjie Shi, Yikai Li, Ziyu Wang, Wei Liu, Yanli Liu
Summary: In this study, a reverse-loop scavenged poppet-valve 2-stroke (PV2S) diesel engine was developed and compared with its 4-stroke baseline. The intake and exhaust cam profiles were optimized, and the in-cylinder flow was improved by using upright-strait ports and masked head. Experimental results showed that although the PV2S engine had higher fuel consumption than the 4-stroke engine, it demonstrated better economic performance at rated conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Francesco Nai, Raed Nachawati, Frantisek Zalesak, Xiang Wang, Yaozong Li, Amedeo Caflisch
Summary: In this study, we identified 17 small-molecule ligands that can compete with N6-methyladenosine (m(6)A) for binding to the m(6)A-reader domain of YTHDF2. The binding mode of these ligands was determined by high-resolution X-ray crystallography, and their affinity was quantified using a fluorescence-based binding assay. Two ligands, 6-cyclopropyluracil and a pyrazolopyrimidine derivative, showed favorable ligand efficiencies, making them promising starting points for further optimization.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Thermodynamics
Caifeng Hao, Zhijin Zhang, Zhanguang Wang, Honglin Bai, Yaozong Li, Yufeng Li, Zhen Lu
Summary: An optimization of spray angle and combustion chamber geometry was conducted to improve the in-cylinder fuel/air mixing process and optimize the combustion process of a heavy-duty diesel engine at full load. The sensitivity analysis shows that the lip radius has the greatest influence on the combustion chamber, followed by the bowl radius, bowl distance, and lip depth. The optimized chamber has higher air utilization, more homogeneous fuel/air mixture, faster combustion process, higher power delivery, and lower emissions compared to the baseline.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Han Wu, Zeyu Zhang, Yaozong Li, Zhicheng Shi, Weifan Che, Xiangrong Li
Summary: By optimizing the cam profile, the two-stroke rod-less opposed pistons engine achieves the redistribution of work, heat transfer, and exhaust energy, resulting in an increase in thermal efficiency.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yusen Xiang, Guanglei Zhai, Yaozong Li, Mengge Wang, Xixiang Chen, Ruyu Wang, Hang Xie, Weidong Zhang, Guangbo Ge, Qian Zhang, Yechun Xu, Amedeo Caflisch, Jianrong Xu, Hongzhuan Chen, Lili Chen
Summary: This study identified three Ginkgolic acids from a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) library using NanoBiT technology, which interfere with the interaction between S-RBD and ACE2 of SARS-CoV-2. The compound GA171 significantly inhibits the entry of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants into ACE2-overexpressed HEK293T cells. Structural insights into the binding site of GA171 on S-RBD were provided through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yizhuo Feng, Kai Sun, Yaozong Li, Honglin Bai, Lei Shi, Zhen Lu, Tianyou Wang
Summary: In this study, the combustion process of a high-specific-output diesel engine is numerically investigated under different swirl ratios. The results show that a moderate swirl ratio can promote mixing and increase the utilization of fresh O2, while excessive swirl can cause reduced availability of fresh O2 in the mixing-controlled combustion stage. Additionally, the turbulence intensity is significantly increased through swirl-spray interaction under a moderate swirl ratio, leading to improved soot oxidation rate.
