Article
Virology
Laura Broto, Nicolas Romero, Fernando Mendez, Elisabet Diaz-Beneitez, Oscar Candelas-Rivera, Daniel Fuentes, Liliana L. Cubas-Gaona, Celine Courtillon, Nicolas Eterradossi, Sebastien M. Soubies, Juan R. Rodriguez, Dolores Rodriguez, Jose F. Rodriguez
Summary: The study showed that persistently infected DF-1 chicken embryonic fibroblasts with IBDV have lower virus yields but higher replication fitness, while not responding to type I interferon due to mutations in the IFNAR2 gene. These cells exhibit enhanced susceptibility to establishing new persistent IBDV infections and inactivation of JAK-STAT signaling pathway reduces the apoptotic response induced by the infection, facilitating the establishment and maintenance of IBDV persistent infections.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
K. E. Johnson, P. A. Sylvester, C. N. Jondle, C. A. Aurubin, V. L. Tarakanova
Summary: This study reveals an unexpected proviral role of the classical innate immune factor, IRF-3, during chronic gammaherpesvirus infection, in contrast to its antiviral activity during acute infection.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Furong Qing, Zhiping Liu
Summary: Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) is a crucial member of the IRFs family, located downstream of the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)-mediated signaling pathway, and plays a vital role in the production of type I interferon (IFN-I). Its activation can inhibit various viral and bacterial infections, suppress the growth and metastasis of certain cancers, but it may also impact the tumor microenvironment and promote the development of other cancers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ida Uddback, Emily K. Cartwright, Amalie S. Scholler, Alexander N. Wein, Sarah L. Hayward, Jenna Lobby, Shiki Takamura, Allan R. Thomsen, Jacob E. Kohlmeier, Jan P. Christensen
Summary: The study demonstrates that lung tissue-resident memory T cells (T-RM) can be maintained for at least a year post vaccination with an adenovirus expressing influenza nucleoprotein. The lung T-RM cells continued to proliferate in situ 8 months after vaccination, requiring airway vaccination and antigen persistence in the lung for long-term maintenance. Additionally, the lung T-RM pool is sustained by continual replenishment from circulating memory CD8 T cells in vaccinated mice.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qifu Liang, Jiajia Wan, Huan Liu, Dongsheng Jia, Qian Chen, Aiming Wang, Taiyun Wei
Summary: Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) can induce mitophagy in its vector to prevent apoptosis and promote viral propagation. The nonstructural protein P7-1 of SRBSDV targets mitochondria and interacts with the mitophagy receptor BNIP3 to initiate mitophagy. This study reveals the important role of virus-induced mitophagy in persistent viral infection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Grace O. Ciabattoni, Ralf Duerr, Ana M. Valero-Jimenez, Stephen T. Yeung, Keaton M. Crosse, Austin R. Schinlever, Lucie Bernard-Raichon, Joaquin Rodriguez Galvan, Marisa E. McGrath, Sanjay Vashee, Yong Xue, Cynthia A. Loomis, Kamal M. Khanna, Ken Cadwell, Ludovic Desvignes, Matthew B. Frieman, Mila B. Ortigoza, Meike Dittmann
Summary: The authors develop a neonatal mouse model for studying SARS-CoV-2 transmission and show that deletion of ORF8 leads to a shift in viral replication and delayed transmission. Small animal models have posed challenges in studying SARS-CoV-2 transmission, with most researchers using golden hamsters or ferrets. However, mice offer advantages such as lower cost, wider availability, and existing reagents and genetic tools. The neonatal mouse model established here allows for transmission of clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolates and can be used to study viral and host determinants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongshun Liu, Congwei Jiang, Zhangmengxue Lei, Sihan Dong, Linlin Kuang, Chenxu Huang, Ying Gao, Mu Liu, Hui Xiao, Patrick Legembre, Jae U. Jung, Huaping Liang, Xiaozhen Liang
Summary: Type I interferons (IFNs) are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. This study identified a previously unknown protein, PINLYP, that interacts with TBK1 to induce the production of type I IFN. Loss of PINLYP impaired the activation of IRF3 and the production of IFN induced by various viruses and Toll-like receptor ligands. Mice lacking PINLYP were more susceptible to lethal virus infection, highlighting the importance of PINLYP in the host defense against viral infections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Raveen Rathnasinghe, Mirella Salvatore, Hongyong Zheng, Sonia Jangra, Thomas Kehrer, Ignacio Mena, Michael Schotsaert, Thomas Muster, Peter Palese, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre
Summary: The study shows that pre-treatment with Delta NS1 virus creates an antiviral state, preventing replication of homologous and heterologous viruses, thus preventing diseases caused by virus respiratory pathogens, including SARS-CoV-2. This suggests that Delta NS1 influenza viruses could be used for prophylaxis against influenza, SARS-CoV-2, and other human respiratory viral infections, and that a vaccine based on Delta NS1 live attenuated viruses would provide broad protection against influenza virus infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhe Huang, Seung Goo Kang, Yunqiao Li, Jaroslav Zak, Namir Shaabani, Kaiyuan Deng, Jovan Shepherd, Raag Bhargava, John R. Teijaro, Changchun Xiao
Summary: Inhibition of IFN-I signaling in NK cells enhances the responses of CD4 and CD8 T cells, promotes humoral immune responses, and thereby facilitates the control of persistent virus infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Takeshi Chida, Yuji Ishida, Sho Morioka, Go Sugahara, Christine Han, Bill Lam, Chihiro Yamasaki, Remi Sugahara, Meng Li, Yasuhito Tanaka, T. Jake Liang, Chise Tateno, Takeshi Saito
Summary: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV), a satellite virus of HBV, induces a potent and persistent activation of the IFN system in human hepatocytes, while HBV is not capable of triggering a hepatic antiviral response. HDV's constitutive activation of the hepatic IFN system suppresses HBV but modestly inhibits HDV, creating a paradoxical mode of viral interference. Furthermore, the study reveals that HDV-induced constitutive IFN system activation leads to IFN refractoriness, rendering therapeutic IFNs ineffective.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nancy Leon-Janampa, Ignacio Caballero-Posadas, Celine Barc, Francois Darrouzain, Alain Moreau, Thibault Guinoiseau, Philippe Gatault, Isabelle Fleurot, Mickael Riou, Anne Pinard, Jeremy Pezant, Christelle Rossignol, Catherine Gaudy-Graffin, Denys Brand, Julien Marlet
Summary: The study successfully developed a pig model of chronic hepatitis E, which exhibited the major characteristics of the disease. The model revealed the compartmentalization of HEV genomes in the digestive tract and the downregulation of innate immune responses in the liver.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nancy Leon-Janampa, Ignacio Caballero-Posadas, Celine Barc, Francois Darrouzain, Alain Moreau, Thibault Guinoiseau, Philippe Gatault, Isabelle Fleurot, Mickael Riou, Anne Pinard, Jeremy Pezant, Christelle Rossignol, Catherine Gaudy-Graffin, Denys Brand, Julien Marlet
Summary: A pig model of chronic hepatitis E was developed, reproducing the major characteristics of the disease and revealing compartmentalization of HEV genomes in the digestive tract and downregulation of innate immune responses in the liver.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Georgia Deliyannis, Chinn Yi Wong, Hayley A. McQuilten, Annabell Bachem, Michele Clarke, Xiaoxiao Jia, Kylie Horrocks, Weiguang Zeng, Jason Girkin, Nichollas E. Scott, Sarah L. Londrigan, Patrick C. Reading, Nathan W. Bartlett, Katherine Kedzierska, Lorena E. Brown, Francesca Mercuri, Christophe Demaison, David C. Jackson, Brendon Y. Chua
Summary: The study shows that by controlling viral infection in the upper airways, especially through the activation of TLR2 in nasal passages, rapid protection can be provided against severe respiratory infection, especially for at-risk populations. The research emphasizes the importance of nasal epithelial cells and macrophages working together to prevent the spread of respiratory viruses to the vulnerable lower airways.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yichen Liu, Yuxin He, Jinlai Cao, Hangjia Lu, Ruifeng Zou, Zhihan Zuo, Ran Li, Yichen Zhang, Jinsheng Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the transcriptome and proteome profiles of shrimp infected with WSSV after knocking down PvIRF using RNA sequencing and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification. The results showed that PvIRF is involved in inhibiting the replication of WSSV in shrimp and may participate in IRF-mediated interferon regulation through JAK/STAT and Toll signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Talia Piater, Mario Gietl, Stefanie Hofer, Johanna M. Gostner, Sabina Sahanic, Ivan Tancevski, Thomas Sonnweber, Alex Pizzini, Alexander Egger, Harald Schennach, Judith Loeffler-Ragg, Guenter Weiss, Katharina Kurz
Summary: Patients who had COVID-19 infection continue to experience persistent symptoms, especially in women. Immune-mediated changes in amino acid metabolism are associated with the physical level of functioning and improvements in certain symptoms.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John P. Gleeson, Hannah Q. Estrada, Michifumi Yamashita, Clive N. Svendsen, Stephan R. Targan, Robert J. Barrett
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chenyao Wang, Xin Wang, Manoj Veleeparambil, Patricia M. Kessler, Belinda Willard, Saurabh Chattopadhyay, Ganes C. Sen
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jaime Gallego, Zaneta Swiderska-Chadaj, Tomasz Markiewicz, Michifumi Yamashita, M. Alejandra Gabaldon, Arkadiusz Gertych
Summary: This study developed a deep learning approach to identify and classify glomeruli in renal specimens, achieving high F1 scores in both training and testing sets using the U-Net model. The method demonstrated higher accuracy than some recent methods and provided a test image set with ground truth publicly available.
COMPUTERIZED MEDICAL IMAGING AND GRAPHICS
(2021)
Review
Virology
Anna Glanz, Sukanya Chakravarty, Merina Varghese, Anita Kottapalli, Shumin Fan, Ritu Chakravarti, Saurabh Chattopadhyay
Summary: IRF3 plays a critical role in antiviral immunity by transcribing interferon and triggering apoptosis of virus-infected cells. Viruses can counteract IRF3 functions by manipulating posttranslational modifications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kana N. Miyata, Chao-Sheng Lo, Shuiling Zhao, Xin-Ping Zhao, Isabelle Chenier, Michifumi Yamashita, Janos G. Filep, Julie R. Ingelfinger, Shao-Ling Zhang, John S. D. Chan
Summary: Deletion of Hnrnpf in renal tubules resulted in upregulation of Agt and downregulation of Sglt2, leading to renal protective effects against diabetes-induced kidney injury in Akita mice. Akita mice exhibited kidney abnormalities including hypertrophy, glomerular hyperfiltration, and interstitial fibrosis, which were attenuated in Akita Hnrnpf(RT) KO mice. Moreover, renal Agt expression was elevated in Akita mice and further increased in Akita Hnrnpf(RT) KO mice, while Sglt2 expression was increased in Akita and decreased in Akita Hnrnpf(RT) KO mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Glanz, Sukanya Chakravarty, Shumin Fan, Karan Chawla, Gayatri Subramanian, Tia Rahman, Dean Walters, Ritu Chakravarti, Saurabh Chattopadhyay
Summary: IRF3 is a transcription factor critical for antiviral gene induction and proapoptotic signaling. Auranofin was identified as a small-molecule inhibitor of IRF3's proapoptotic and transcriptional activities, inducing cellular autophagy to degrade IRF3 protein and suppress its functions. Auranofin effectively inhibited fatty-acid-induced apoptotic cell death in hepatocytes and may offer a potential therapeutic option in diseases where IRF3 is harmful.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Chenyao Wang, Nikhil Sharma, Manoj Veleeparambil, Patricia M. Kessler, Belinda Willard, Ganes C. Sen
Summary: The nature and intensity of the innate immune response to virus infection are critical for the course of pathogenesis in the host. STING, an endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein, plays a key role in triggering responses to microbial or cellular cytoplasmic DNA. Phosphorylation of Tyr240 of STING by the tyrosine kinase Syk is essential for all signaling activities of STING, and its signaling is necessary for interferon induction.
Article
Cell Biology
Navin Gupta, Takuya Matsumoto, Ken Hiratsuka, Edgar Garcia Saiz, Pierre Galichon, Tomoya Miyoshi, Koichiro Susa, Narihito Tatsumoto, Michifumi Yamashita, Ryuji Morizane
Summary: Kidneys have the capacity for intrinsic repair, but when overwhelmed, incomplete repair can lead to chronic kidney disease. Limited treatments exist due to the limited predictivity of animal studies. This study used kidney organoids to identify genes and pathways involved in intrinsic repair and discovered a potential therapeutic candidate that can prevent the progression of chronic kidney disease.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jenna McGowan, Monica Borucki, Hicham Omairi, Merina Varghese, Shahnaz Vellani, Sukanya Chakravarty, Shumin Fan, Srestha Chattopadhyay, Mashuk Siddiquee, James B. Thissen, Nisha Mulakken, Joseph Moon, Jeffrey Kimbrel, Amit K. Tiwari, Roger Travis Taylor, Dae-Wook Kang, Crystal Jaing, Ritu Chakravarti, Saurabh Chattopadhyay
Summary: Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is an effective tool for predicting the community spread of infectious diseases, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through analyzing the correlation between viral gene copies and clinical cases, as well as sequencing RNA from wastewater to identify viral mutants, WBE can be used to predict the spread of COVID-19 and the emergence of new variants of concern. Furthermore, significant changes in the microbial community of wastewater, particularly in bacterial genera belonging to the families of Lachnospiraceae and Actinomycetaceae, show a strong correlation with the presence of SARS-CoV-2. These microbial biomarkers could serve as prediction tools for future infectious disease surveillance and outbreak responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ken Hiratsuka, Tomoya Miyoshi, Katharina T. Kroll, Navin R. Gupta, M. Todd Valerius, Thomas Ferrante, Michifumi Yamashita, Jennifer A. Lewis, Ryuji Morizane
Summary: By integrating organoids with organ-on-a-chip technology, this study has demonstrated the potential of organoid-on-a-chip models in unraveling disease pathology and discovering therapeutic targets for autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease.
Review
Virology
Justin H. H. Franco, Saurabh Chattopadhyay, Zhixing K. K. Pan
Summary: The type-I interferon (IFN) system is the first line of defense against viral pathogens. Secreted IFNs stimulate nearby cells to produce proinflammatory cytokines and antiviral factors. IFIT proteins, known for their antiviral activity, have also been studied in nonviral pathologies.
Editorial Material
Virology
Sukanya Chakravarty, Ritu Chakravarti, Saurabh Chattopadhyay
Summary: Inflammatory responses during virus infection have different effects on the host, and managing these responses is crucial for controlling viral infection and related diseases. A recently discovered cellular anti-inflammatory mechanism called RIKA (Repression of IRF3-mediated inhibition of NF-kappa B activity) has been found to regulate viral inflammation and pathogenesis. The RIKA function of IRF3 may have potential applications in other inflammatory diseases beyond viral infection.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vincent Dupont, Anders H. Berg, Michifumi Yamashita, Chengqun Huang, Ambart E. Covarrubias, Shafat Ali, Aleksandr Stotland, Jennifer E. Van Eyk, Belinda Jim, Ravi Thadhani, S. Ananth Karumanchi
Summary: Kidney donation increases the risk of preeclampsia by impairing renal reserve and preventing the upregulation of l-kynurenine, resulting in impaired placentation, placental hypoperfusion, and an antiangiogenic state.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Akira Takahashi, Takamasa Miyauchi, Narihito Tatsumoto, Mercury Y. Lin, Jean Hou, Toshiki Doi, Takao Masaki, Michifumi Yamashita
Summary: The study examined kidney biopsies from patients with thymoma and/or MG, identifying a wide spectrum of kidney diseases with low-grade immune complex deposition affecting the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments. These findings suggest a role of immunologic dysregulation in the pathogenesis of thymic disease-associated nephropathy.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael G. McCoy, Daniel W. Nascimento, Manoj Veleeparambil, Rakhylia Murtazina, Detao Gao, Svyatoslav Tkachenko, Eugene Podrez, Tatiana Byzova
Summary: TLR2 plays a crucial role in endothelial cells, promoting inflammatory responses, tumor growth, and angiogenesis. Studies have shown that endothelial cells lacking TLR2 have reduced anti-inflammatory capabilities, potentially contributing to disease progression.