Article
Biology
Holly Rore, Nicholas Owen, Raul Eduardo Pina-Aguilar, Kevin Docherty, Ryohei Sekido
Summary: Researchers successfully generated testicular somatic cell-like cells (TesLCs) including Sertoli cell-like cells from mouse embryonic stem cells in xeno-free culture, and created testicular organoids in co-culture with epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs). They also found that TesLC-conditioned media can induce the differentiation of EpiLCs into primordial germ-like cells (PGCLCs), providing insights into generating sperm entirely in xeno-free culture.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Liza O'Donnell, Lee B. Smith, Diane Rebourcet
Summary: Sertoli cells play essential roles in spermatogenesis, supporting germ cell development and regulating other testis somatic cells. They are crucial for maintaining the stem cell niche, facilitating meiosis and spermiogenesis, and regulating androgen production.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Min Chen, Changhuo Cen, Nan Wang, Zhiming Shen, Mengyue Wang, Bowen Liu, Jiayi Li, Xiuhong Cui, Yanbo Wang, Fei Gao
Summary: Wt1 is essential for somatic cell differentiation and gonad development, particularly in lineage specification and maintenance.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiyeon Ham, Sunwoo Park, Whasun Lim, Gwonhwa Song
Summary: This study demonstrated the anti-proliferative effects of dinitramine on murine testicular cell lines through ER-induced calcium dysregulation. Treatment with dinitramine led to decreased viability and proliferation of TM3 and TM4 cells, inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell cycle progression. Dinitramine activated specific signaling pathways and elevated calcium levels, which could be mitigated with 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate co-treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Liza O'Donnell, Penny A. F. Whiley, Kate L. Loveland
Summary: The understanding that Sertoli cells determine fetal testosterone production levels is not widely known, and recent findings suggest this may also be true in humans. The implications of disruptions to Leydig and Sertoli cells on fetal masculinization and reproductive health are significant. This review highlights the importance of further research on how in utero exposures affect organ development in males and females.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Varsha Gupta, Tanushree Mahata, Rajsekhar Roy, Prabir Kumar Gharai, Aniket Jana, Shubham Garg, Surajit Ghosh
Summary: This study discovered a new single-molecule transdifferentiation initiator, SG-145C, which promotes the transdifferentiation of hMSCs into neurons by inhibiting the proteasomal degradation of phosphorylated beta-catenin via the Wnt pathway.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiyeon Ham, Whasun Lim, Gwonhwa Song
Summary: Flufenoxuron is a benzoylurea pesticide used to eradicate insects and acarids in farmland, with potential harmful effects on non-target animals through bioaccumulation. Studies have shown that flufenoxuron inhibits cell proliferation, disrupts calcium homeostasis, and induces testicular dysfunction in mice. Additionally, it may activate certain signaling pathways in cells and alter gene expression related to male reproduction.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Salvadori, Sara Chiappalupi, Iva Arato, Francesca Mancuso, Mario Calvitti, Maria Cristina Marchetti, Francesca Riuzzi, Riccardo Calafiore, Giovanni Luca, Guglielmo Sorci
Summary: Injecting microencapsulated Sertoli cells (SeC) in dystrophic mice leads to recovery of muscle morphology and performance through anti-inflammatory effects and induction of utrophin. SeC stimulate myoblast proliferation, delay differentiation marker expression, inhibit fibroblast fibrogenic potential, and provide functional replacement of dystrophin in DMD myotubes.
Article
Cell Biology
Rashid A. Aldahhan, Peter G. Stanton
Summary: Maintaining the temperature of the testis is crucial for normal sperm production, as excessive heat can impair spermatogenesis, leading to low counts, poor motility, and abnormal morphology. This review analyzes the response of testicular somatic cells to heat stress, as well as the mechanisms of testicular thermoregulation and factors influencing testicular function.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Vanmathy R. Kasimanickam, Ramanathan K. Kasimanickam
Summary: This study found that the expressions of spermatogenesis-associated genes are not enhanced with the increase of Sertoli, Leydig, and spermatogonial cell numbers during testis development in dogs. Compared to immature testis, the gene expressions of specific markers for these cells were downregulated in adult testis. The results suggest that changes in gene expressions show functional significance rather than a direct correlation with cell numbers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yi Lin, Wangdu Luo, Bingcai Jiang, Qianyi Lin, Min Tang, Xiangji Li, Lin Xie
Summary: In this study, GelDex-S58, a light-cured bioadhesive hydrogel loaded with S58, was found to effectively reduce TGF-beta-induced fibroblast proliferation and improve cell migration and invasion ability. In vivo experiments also showed that GelDex-S58 treatment could reduce collagen deposition and intraocular pressure. Therefore, GelDex-S58 has the potential to reduce scar formation after glaucoma filtration surgery.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chunhong Wang, Jiafeng Liu, Xiaoyao Zhang, Qiyan Chen, Xiaoyan Bai, Xue Hong, Lili Zhou, Youhua Liu
Summary: miR-671-5p plays a crucial role in mediating beta-catenin-triggered podocyte injury by targeting Wilms tumor 1 (WT1). This study highlights the significance of miR-671-5p in proteinuric kidney disease.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Likun Gao, Xi Xiong, Chen Chen, Pengcheng Luo, Jing Li, Xiang Gao, Lizhi Huang, Lili Li
Summary: Nanoplastics and microplastics have different impacts on reproductive toxicity in mice, with microplastics causing more severe reproductive toxicity, including spermatogenesis disorders, oxidative stress, and testis inflammation. Transmission electron microscopy revealed different effects of the two types of plastics on different cell types. Transcriptomic sequencing analysis provided insights into the differential effects of nanoplastics and microplastics on cellular processes.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Norikiyo Honzawa, Kei Fujimoto
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is caused by impaired insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Recent studies have shown loss of pancreatic beta-cell mass in human diabetic patients, as well as dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation of islet cells. Hyperglycemia inhibits FoxO1 expression and induces Ngn3 expression, leading to a new molecular mechanism explaining beta-cell plasticity.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yasemin Aydin, Banu Orta-Yilmaz
Summary: Excessive intake of arsenic and fluoride in underground drinking water has adverse effects on the male reproductive system, including reduced cell viability and proliferation, increased cytotoxicity, and induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis. The combined exposure of arsenic and fluoride has a synergistic effect, highlighting the need to reduce their exposure to prevent male infertility.