Article
Chemistry, Applied
Andrea Kraehmer, Christoph Boettcher, Gennadi Gudi, Melanie Stuertz, Hartwig Schulz
Summary: The study investigates the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy for carbohydrate profiling of onion juice, and generates detailed carbohydrate profiles using HPLC-ELSD technology. Hierarchical cluster analysis and bootstrap method are successfully applied for classifying onions based on carbohydrate profiles, and a reliable quantification method is developed using HPLC and ATR-FTIR data.
Article
Plant Sciences
Manzeal Khanal, Bed Prakash Bhatta, Subas Malla
Summary: This study aimed to identify and characterize the diversity of bacteria associated with onion production in Texas, as well as their pathogenicity to onion. The results showed high diversity of bacteria, but only a few of them were pathogenic to onion. This study is of great significance for developing rapid disease detection techniques and effective disease management measures.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Frederic M. Lapierre, Isabel Bolz, Jochen Buechs, Robert Huber
Summary: This article presents a microplate assay for quantifying urease activity using a fluorescent pH indicator, which is suitable for automated measurements. The assay allows for non-hazardous and reliable measurements without the need for sample preparation. It is important for research on Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Nanghyun Cho, Sinkyu Kang, Casimir Agossou, Eunsook Kim, Jong-Hwan Lim
Summary: Recent findings have highlighted the importance of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) for plant growth and survival. However, current biogeochemical models focusing on primary production do not adequately capture the lagged effects of NSCs on tree mortality and growth. This study addresses this gap by modifying the BIOME-BGC model to incorporate NSCs as a temporary carbon reservoir. The modified model successfully simulated the variations of NSCs in different biomes and demonstrated the role of NSCs in tree growth and mortality lagging.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Alexandre Ferraro, F. Curtis Lubbe, Martin Bitomsky, Alena Bartuskova, Michael Bartos, Stepan Janecek, Jana Martinkova, Jitka Klimesova
Summary: There was no correlation between carbohydrate concentration and parenchyma area percentage in the storage organ of herbs, indicating that the proportion of parenchyma does not reliably indicate carbohydrate concentration in herbs. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between NSCs storage and anatomical traits in herbs, considering the differences in parenchyma composition and functions of belowground storage organs between herbs and trees.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhensong Li, Xianglin Li, Feng He
Summary: Soil water content only affects the regeneration time of alfalfa, while the content of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) is related to the success of regeneration. This study analyzed the dynamic change and allocation of root NSCs under three irrigation frequencies and found that NSCs are the key driver of cold tolerance and regeneration. These findings provide further insight into the mechanism of overwintering and can help improve water management of alfalfa in high latitude areas.
Article
Forestry
Jose Miguel P. Ferreira de Oliveira, Conceicao Santos, Marcia Araujo, M. Margarida Oliveira, Maria Celeste Dias
Summary: The physiological and biochemical effects of high salinity on young cork oak plants include changes in pigment levels, increased sugars, impaired PSII photochemistry, oxidative damage, and alterations in enzyme activities. These observations highlight the adaptations of cork oak to high salinity, but also suggest the need for further studies to understand its response to diverse salinity conditions. The data generated provide valuable information for conservation and management programs in salt-affected areas in the Mediterranean region, as well as the selection of salt-tolerant species.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jose Francisco Bergua, Ruslan Alvarez-Diduk, Andrea Idili, Claudio Parolo, Marc Maymo, Liming Hu, Arben Merkoci
Summary: The quantitative detection of different molecular targets is crucial for various activities. This study presents a smartphone-based device that enables high-precision laboratory analysis directly at the point of care.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wenshuai Wu, Boran Zhang, Weihong Yin, Liping Xia, Yuanjie Suo, Gaozhe Cai, Yang Liu, Wei Jin, Qianbin Zhao, Ying Mu
Summary: EnzyAST, using enzymes as biomarkers, can rapidly identify pathogens and analyze susceptibility, showing great potential in clinical applications.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gael M. Vos, Yunfei Wu, Roosmarijn van der Woude, Robert P. de Vries, Geert-Jan Boons
Summary: This paper introduces a chemo-enzymatic strategy for synthesizing poly-N-acetyl lactosamines (polyLacNAc) in a regioselective manner. The strategy involves enzymatic assembly of oligo-LacNAc chains and modification at specific positions using traceless blocking groups. The methodology allows for the synthesis of polyLacNAc chains with various topologies.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Forestry
Bouchra El Omari
Summary: This study contributes to understanding the eco-physiological significance of total non-structural carbohydrate reserves in woody plants by distinguishing between accumulated and stored pools. It highlights the role of accumulated TNC in buffering temporary negative carbon balance, and the role of stored TNC in buffering demand during stressful conditions. The storage-growth tradeoff in trees is discussed in relation to survival strategies under adverse environmental conditions.
TREES-STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Elena M. Rojo, Irene Piedra, Alicia M. Gonzalez, Marisol Vega, Silvia Bolado
Summary: The study compared the effects of different enzymes on the solubilization and recovery of components from microalgae-bacteria grown in piggery wastewater and microalgae grown in synthetic media by enzymatic hydrolysis. Results showed higher carbohydrate solubilizations from microalgae-bacteria compared to pure microalgae, and Proteases solubilized xylose remarkably well. Alcalase hydrolysis provided the highest peptide recovery, while Protamex resulted in low peptide recoveries but larger peptide sizes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiaojian Wu, Yue Cao, Yu Jiang, Mingxu Chen, Huiguang Zhang, Pengfei Wu, Xiangqing Ma
Summary: This study used a net bag decomposition method to observe the dynamics of NSCs release in Chinese fir topsoil and canopy litter at four altitudes. The study found that the release of NSCs in Chinese fir litter rises gradually with increasing height, and the difference in cumulative release percentage of soluble sugar between altitudes is more significant than that of starch. The NSC content response in different treatment groups at four altitudes is also different.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhengrong Jiang, Qiuli Chen, Lin Chen, Dun Liu, Hongyi Yang, Congshan Xu, Jinzhi Hong, Jiaqi Li, Yanfeng Ding, Soulaiman Sakr, Zhenghui Liu, Yu Jiang, Ganghua Li
Summary: The remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates in the stem plays a crucial role in rice grain filling. Removing spikelets reduces the remobilization efficiency of non-structural carbohydrates and alters sugar signaling in the T6P-SnRK1 pathway. The variety W1844 outperforms CJ03 in terms of carbon reserve remobilization efficiency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Meghan Blumstein, Robin Hopkins
Summary: Trees' total amount of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) stores and the proportion of these stores residing as insoluble starch are vital traits for individuals living in variable environments. Our study found heritable variation in both total NSC stores and the proportion of stores in starch, with high amounts of plasticity in response to cold temperatures and significant genotype-by-environment interactions. The high genotype-by-environment (GxE) interactions indicate extensive variation across trees in their response to environment, which may explain the lack of consistent patterns in previous studies on carbohydrate stores' responses to stress. Overall, there is a high amount of environmental and genetic variation in NSC storage concentrations, which may help species adapt to future climate change.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lingling Zhu, Keith J. Bloomfield, Shinichi Asao, Mark G. Tjoelker, John J. G. Egerton, Lucy Hayes, Lasantha K. Weerasinghe, Danielle Creek, Kevin L. Griffin, Vaughan Hurry, Michael Liddell, Patrick Meir, Matthew H. Turnbull, Owen K. Atkin
Summary: Short-term temperature response curves of leaf dark respiration provide insights into how plant respiratory traits acclimate to changing environmental conditions. The study shows that thermal acclimation of leaf respiration is common in most biomes, with the threshold of respiration adjusting in response to warmer climates.
Article
Entomology
Gordana Durovic, Amani Alawamleh, Silvia Carlin, Giuseppe Maddalena, Raffaele Guzzon, Valerio Mazzoni, Daniel T. Dalton, Vaughn M. Walton, David M. Suckling, Ruth C. Butler, Sergio Angeli, Antonio De Cristofaro, Gianfranco Anfora
Summary: Climate change and agroecosystem transformation present challenges to agricultural production, with invasive insect species heavily impacting crops. Current pesticide control tactics for invasive insects must be replaced with sustainable methods. This study focuses on utilizing a non-toxic baiting system to track the invasive spotted-wing drosophila, providing a more environmentally friendly approach to pest management.
Article
Plant Sciences
Matthew J. van Voorthuizen, Jaroslav Nisler, Jiancheng Song, Lukas Spichal, Paula E. Jameson
Summary: The study showed that INCYDE significantly increased seed yield in Rapid Cycling Brassica rapa, while TD-K had a transient effect on the regulation of BrCKX3.
Article
Entomology
Mette-Cecilie Nielsen, David A. J. Teulon, R. Bruce Chapman, Ruth C. Butler, Gabby M. Drayton, Holger Phillipsen
Summary: The study reveals that the greenhouse strain of western flower thrips has a longer lifespan and lays more eggs compared to the lupin strain, even under different temperature conditions. However, there was no significant difference between the two strains in terms of development rate, minimum temperature requirements, and degree days.
ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samarth, Robyn Lee, Dave Kelly, Matthew H. Turnbull, Richard C. Macknight, Anthony M. Poole, Paula E. Jameson
Summary: Research on the alpine perennial herbaceous plant Celmisia lyallii (Asteraceae) found that warm summer conditions that promote flowering lead to differential regulation of genes, including promoters and repressors of flowering. Results suggest that plants may maintain a summer memory to induce flowering.
Article
Entomology
Ashraf M. El-Sayed, Suresh Ganji, C. Rikard Unelius, Cesar Gemeno, Byrappa Ammagarahalli, Ruth C. Butler, Christoph Hoffmann
Summary: Plants release volatiles in response to caterpillar feeding, which attract natural enemies of the herbivores and repel or attract conspecific adult herbivores as an indirect defense mechanism. Research has shown that infested grapevines emit compounds such as phenylacetonitrile, which attracts adult European grapevine moths.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Jonathan Nunez, Gabriel Y. K. Moinet, Scott L. Graham, Matthew H. Turnbull, Gwen-Aelle Grelet, David Whitehead
Summary: The addition of sorptive mineral phases to soils can rapidly and proportionally reduce soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition, leading to decreased microbial access to SOM. This effect occurs independently of soil organic carbon concentration and pH, suggesting a universal impact on SOM stability.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Ruth C. Butler
ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tong Zhu, Xue Zhou, Jian-Long Zhang, Wei-Hao Zhang, Li-Pei Zhang, Chun-Xiang You, Paula E. Jameson, Peng-Tao Ma, Shan-Li Guo
Summary: Several MYB transcription factors, including MYB4-like, play vital roles in plant resistance to environmental stressors. The study revealed that NbMYB4L is involved in defense against TMV in Nicotiana benthamiana, with the ethylene pathway also playing a role. NbEIL1 acts as a positive regulator of NbMYB4L transcription in the plant, forming a coherent feed-forward loop that robustly regulates resistance to TMV.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicola Jayne Sullivan, Sabina Avosani, Ruth C. Butler, Lloyd D. Stringer
Summary: This study investigates whether the passionvine hopper uses substrate-borne vibrations for communication. The passionvine hopper is a destructive pest to the kiwifruit industry in New Zealand, and there are limited pest management tools available during the growing season. The study finds that the passionvine hopper has a repertoire of calling signals, including a male calling signal and two female calling signals, but no evidence of duetting behavior for pair formation has been found so far. Further understanding of vibrational communication in this insect and the pair formation process may lead to the development of a residue-free pest management tool and contribute to future biosecurity preparedness and response initiatives.
Article
Entomology
Nicola J. Sullivan, Vaughn A. Bell, Ruth C. Butler, Roger Wallis, Remya Ramesh, D. Srinivasa Reddy, Andrew M. Twidle, Barry Bunn, C. Rikard Unelius, Lee-Anne M. Manning, David M. Suckling
Summary: Mealybugs are phloem-feeding insects that transmit the economically important Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) in New Zealand vineyards. Synthetic sex pheromones have been developed as monitoring tools for some mealybug species. This study presents the development of a combined P. longispinus and P. calceolariae pheromone lure, which remained active in the field for 90 days and showed no negative effects on male mealybug trap catch. The combined lure provides an efficient monitoring tool for the New Zealand viticultural industry.
JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaohui Yu, Seona Casonato, Eirian Jones, Ruth C. Butler, Paul A. Johnston, Soonie Chng
Summary: This study characterized the phenotypic responses of two introgression lines with chromosomal segments introgressed from Hordeum bulbosum in Hordeum vulgare backgrounds against Puccinia hordei. The results showed that these lines had gradually increasing resistance over the course of different plant development stages, with a definitive switch occurring at tillering stage.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Karla Lopez-Reyes, Karen F. Armstrong, David A. J. Teulon, Ruth C. Butler, Coby van Dooremalen, Monika Roher, Robert W. H. M. van Tol
Summary: Discrepancies in research on the attraction of western flower thrips to different colors have been addressed in this study. Two laboratory populations from Germany and the Netherlands were compared for their response to different color cues, and it was found that they had different color preferences. The laboratory of origin and the rearing time on the host plant also influenced their behavior.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jan E. Grant, Annu Ninan, Natalia Cripps-Guazzone, Martin Shaw, Jiancheng Song, Ivan Petrik, Ondrej Novak, Mechthild Tegeder, Paula E. Jameson
Summary: The study using transgenic peas as a model crop revealed the regulatory control over sugar and amino acid import into developing seeds and its impact on seed yield and quality. The results showed that the transgenes effectively modulated gene expression, leading to increased cytokinin levels in seed coats and promoting the transition of young leaves into source leaves. This enhanced sink activity and interactions between cytokinin and cell wall invertase ultimately resulted in higher cotyledon sucrose content and increased seed number and protein content.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qianqian Guo, Xia Li, Li Niu, Paula E. Jameson, Wenbin Zhou
Summary: The study emphasizes the multifaceted response of plants to drought and cold stress, highlighting physiological and genetic changes that occur during acclimation to these stresses; plants experience a decline in photosynthetic capacity under both drought and cold stress, but can recover from the stress, with internal ABA playing a key role in plant acclimation to cold.
