Article
Food Science & Technology
Marija Kovac, Mateja Bulaic, Ante Nevistic, Tomislav Rot, Jurislav Babic, Mario Panjicko, Tihomir Kovac, Bojan Sarkanj
Summary: A total of 209 samples of various cereal crops grown in Croatian fields were collected to analyze the occurrence and co-occurrence of EU regulated mycotoxins. The study highlighted Fusarium mycotoxins as the main contaminants, with DON being the most frequent mycotoxin. Maize was found to be the most contaminated cereal type.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jianyun Zhao, Tianxiao Cheng, Wenjing Xu, Xiaomin Han, Jing Zhang, Hongyuan Zhang, Chong Wang, Seamus Fanning, Fengqin Li
Summary: The study assessed the occurrence of twelve mycotoxins in wheat samples harvested in China in 2018. DON was found to be the most predominant mycotoxin, followed by other mycotoxins. Samples from provinces along the Yangtze River had a higher positive rate for Fusarium mycotoxins. The co-occurrence of fumonisins, DONs and its derivatives, ZEN, and/or NIV was found to be 37.6%, with higher levels of DON and its derivatives in wheat samples in 2018 compared to 2017.
Article
Microbiology
Adrian Maximilian Macri, Ioana Pop, Daniel Simeanu, Diana Toma, Ion Sandu, Liliana Lacramioara Pavel, Olimpia Smaranda Mintas
Summary: Mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins like Aflatoxin B-1, pose a significant danger to human health and are resistant to heat degradation. Certain plastic materials used in packaging food products can impact the concentration of aflatoxins during storage. It is important to consider the type of plastic material in order to prevent contamination and ensure the safety of products like nuts and dried fruits.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Aldrey Nathalia Ribeiro Correa, Cristiano Dietrich Ferreira
Summary: This article introduces the regulations and maximum tolerated limits for mycotoxins in Brazil, and discusses the findings of recent studies indicating that several grains intended for human consumption in Brazil exceed the mycotoxins limits. The co-occurrence of mycotoxins in different grains grown in Brazil is also addressed.
FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lucas Caldeirao, Joao Sousa, Laura C. G. Nunes, Helena T. Godoy, Jose O. Fernandes, Sara C. Cunha
Summary: This study evaluated the presence of mycotoxins and trace elements in herbs and herbal infusions commercialized in Brazil. The most common mycotoxin found was beauvericin, and the occurrence of mycotoxins in herbal infusions was 88% lesser than in raw products. The levels of legislated elements in herbs were below legal limits defined for herbal medicinal products by both European and Brazilian pharmacopeia.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sylvanus Odjo, Amos Emitati Alakonya, Aldo Rosales-Nolasco, Aide L. Molina, Carlos Munoz, Natalia Palacios-Rojas
Summary: This article discusses the issues of fungal infestation and mycotoxin contamination on maize and other crops in Mexico and Central America. It emphasizes the pre- and post-harvest strategies for maize production and the importance of processing methods in reducing mycotoxin contamination.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hongxia Tan, Hongyuan Zhou, Ting Guo, Ying Zhou, Shuo Wang, Xiaozhu Liu, Yuhao Zhang, Liang Ma
Summary: This paper reviews the current research and future prospects of matrix-associated mycotoxins. It focuses on the transformation of matrix-associated mycotoxins with their free forms during metabolism and food processing, as well as the analytical methods targeted on matrix-associated mycotoxins. Furthermore, it analyzes the challenges of matrix-associated mycotoxins in various aspects, contributing to establishing preventive measures to control their hazards for consumers.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sirui Cheng, Xiaoxiao Feng, Guoxin Liu, Nan Zhao, Jing Liu, Zhimeng Zhang, Nan Yang, Luqi Zhou, Minhao Pang, Bowen Tang, Jingao Dong, Bin Zhao, Yingchao Liu
Summary: Mycotoxin contamination is a global concern for maize, and this study analyzed maize samples from northeast and northwest China, finding widespread contamination but with most samples still within safe levels. The contamination levels varied among different regions.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Maria Antonietta Carrera, Esther Miguel, Amadeo R. Fernandez-Alba, Maria Dolores Hernando
Summary: Bee pollen, a natural product with nutritional and medicinal benefits, is being considered as a feed and supplement for cattle. However, its safety is still a concern due to the lack of information on its contamination with dangerous substances. This study evaluated the presence of five mycotoxins in 80 bee pollen samples and found that all samples contained at least one mycotoxin, with aflatoxin B1 having the highest incidence rate. The results also showed that different types of pollen and commercial formats had varying concentrations of mycotoxins.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Martha Maggira, Ioannis Sakaridis, Maria Ioannidou, Georgios Samouris
Summary: This study compared three available ELISA kits for the detection of aflatoxins in feed samples. All three kits showed good performance and were validated. Furthermore, the results of both ELISA and HPLC tests confirmed their suitability for mycotoxin analysis.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lorenzo De Colli, Karl De Ruyck, Mohamed F. Abdallah, John Finnan, Ewen Mullins, Steven Kildea, John Spink, Christopher Elliott, Martin Danaher
Summary: This study investigated the natural co-occurrence of 42 mycotoxins in unprocessed oat grains grown in Ireland, identifying the influences of different farming systems on mycotoxin production, with gluten free oats containing lower concentrations of certain toxins. Further research is needed to define optimal agronomic practices and to expand knowledge on the occurrence of various mycotoxins.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Irene Valenti, Francesco Tini, Milos Sevarika, Alessandro Agazzi, Giovanni Beccari, Ilaria Bellezza, Luisa Ederli, Silvia Grottelli, Matias Pasquali, Roberto Romani, Marco Saracchi, Lorenzo Covarelli
Summary: Fusarium mycotoxins pose a serious threat to animal and human health. The co-occurrence of different mycotoxins in the same cereal field is common, making it difficult to predict the risks and effects of mycotoxins. This review focuses on the combined effects of enniatins (ENNs) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in multiple organisms and highlights the complexity of mycotoxin interactions.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rentang Huang, Yuxin Huang, Hongmei Liu, Kaiyi Guan, Ali Chen, Xiangsheng Zhao, Shumei Wang, Lei Zhang
Summary: In this study, a bifunctional gold nanoparticles probe-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (nano-ELISA) was developed for detecting zearalenone in food. The method showed high sensitivity and accuracy, and could overcome matrix interference. It also had good correlation with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry results.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Karolina Benesova, Rastislav Bosko, Sylvie Belakova, Helena Pluhackova, Milan Krapek, Marek Pernica, Zdenek Svoboda
Summary: Ongoing climate change is impacting the distribution of microscopic filamentous fungi and the toxins they produce. Monitoring data from different years in the Czech Republic showed that mycotoxin levels were strongly influenced by climate variability, with an increasing trend over time.
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Su-Yan Wang, Daniela D. Herrera-Balandrano, Xin-Chi Shi, Xin Chen, Feng-Quan Liu, Pedro Laborda
Summary: This study reviews the occurrence of aflatoxins in water bodies for the first time and discusses the decontamination methods. Aflatoxins have been detected in surface water, wastewater and drinking water. The sources of water contamination remain unclear and two main decontamination methods, degradation and adsorption, have been reported. Different methods show varying degrees of effectiveness, with gamma and UV irradiations, oxidoreductases and ozone being the most effective for degradation, while minerals, polyvinyl alcohol, durian peel and activated carbon are the most effective for adsorption.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sarah Kittel-Schneider, Gara Arteaga-Henriquez, Alejandro Arias Vasquez, Phil Asherson, Tobias Banaschewski, Isabell Brikell, Jan Buitelaar, Bru Cormand, Stephen Faraone, Christine M. Freitag, Ylva Ginsberg, Jan Haavik, Catharina A. Hartman, Jonna Kuntsi, Henrik Larsson, Silke Matura, Rhiannon McNeill, J. Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Marcel Romanos, Isabella Vainieri, Barbara Franke, Andreas Reif
Summary: There is a correlation between ADHD and non-mental diseases, possibly due to shared pathologic mechanisms and genetic risk factors. Neglecting these co-occurring conditions may result in missed diagnoses and suboptimal treatment.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Cristina Varo, Silvia Amoretti, Giulio Sparacino, Esther Jimenez, Brisa Sole, Caterina del Mar Bonnin, Laura Montejo, Maria Serra, Carla Torrent, Estela Salagre, Antoni Benabarre, Pilar Salgado-Pineda, Irene Montoro Salvatierra, Pilar A. Saiz, Maria Paz Garcia-Portilla, Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Isabella Pacchiarotti, Clemente Garcia-Rizo, Juan Undurraga, Maria Reinares, Anabel Martinez-Aran, Eduard Vieta, Norma Verdolini
Summary: This study found that emotional intelligence is preserved in patients after a first episode mania, but deficits can be observed in patients with chronic bipolar disorder. The severity of the illness and neurocognitive decline may contribute to impairments in emotional intelligence.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Imanol Setien-Ramos, Jorge Lugo-Marin, Laura Gisbert-Gustemps, Emiliano Diez-Villoria, Maria Magan-Maganto, Ricardo Canal-Bedia, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: Eye-tracking studies have the potential to effectively differentiate between ASD and non-ASD groups, with fixation duration being an important factor. Active engaged tasks can reduce differences between ASD and non-ASD adults. Proportional fixation duration on eyes and non-social areas in non-active tasks is the optimal design for increasing sensitivity and specificity in ASD adults.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Soler Artigas, Cristina Sanchez-Mora, Paula Rovira, Laura Vilar-Ribo, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: This study investigates the causal relationship between ADHD and various related traits using GWAS data, providing new insights into the understanding and prevention of ADHD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Jose Antonio Ramos-Quiroga, Vanesa Richarte, Isabel Soto, Maria Targhetta, John Ward, Nuria Perulero
Summary: This article estimates the prevalence and incidence of ADHD in Spain using a large database and analyzes variations in its treatment. The study finds higher rates of ADHD in children and males compared to adults and females. However, there is underdiagnosis and undertreatment of ADHD in adults, especially in females. The article calls for addressing the lack of diagnostic tools for adults and the variations in treatment across the country.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jose A. Gallardo, Sonia Marin, Antonio J. Ramos, German Cano-Sancho, Vicente Sanchis
Summary: Enniatin B (ENNB) is a mycotoxin produced by moulds from the Fusarium genera, and its toxic effects are still not fully understood, therefore a safe reference exposure value has not been established. ENNB is the most prevalent emerging mycotoxin found in cereal-based products, but there is a lack of comprehensive exposure assessment studies. This study aimed to characterize the occurrence of ENNB and estimate the exposure of the Spanish and Catalan populations. The results showed a high occurrence of ENNB in all foodstuffs analyzed, with a strong correlation with deoxynivalenol levels. Children aged one-nine years had the highest exposure. This study highlights the need for further toxicological data and formal risk assessment considering the co-occurrence with deoxynivalenol.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mireia Forner-Puntonet, Laura Gisbert-Gustemps, Eudald Castell-Panisello, Mauricio Larrarte, Jesus Quintero, Gema Ariceta, Ferran Gran, Ignacio Iglesias-Serrano, Annabella Garcia-Moran, Gemma Espanol-Martin, Pol Ibanez-Jimenez, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate psychopathology, family stress, and coping strategies in families of pediatric solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients compared to families of healthy children and adolescents. The results showed that families of SOT recipients exhibited higher levels of anxiety, stress related to childcare and parent-child interaction, and used more avoidance and religious coping strategies, while using fewer social support coping strategies. The study highlights the importance of providing psychological interventions and support for caregivers of SOT patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Gara Arteaga-Henriquez, Laura Gisbert, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with unclear pathogenesis and limited effective therapies. There is evidence suggesting an association between ASD and immune/inflammatory processes, providing a potential pathway for new drug interventions. This review summarizes the latest evidence on the use of immunoregulatory and/or anti-inflammatory agents for managing ASD.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Silvia Alemany, Maria Soler-Artigas, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Dana Fakhreddine, Natalia Llonga, Laura Vilar-Ribo, Amanda Rodriguez-Urrutia, Judit Palacio, Ana Maria Gonzalez-Castro, Beatriz Lobo, Carmen Alonso-Cotoner, Magnus Simren, Javier Santos, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases
Summary: In this study, a multi-trait genome-wide association study was conducted to explore the genetic overlap between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), neuroticism, depression, and anxiety. The results revealed a polygenic architecture for IBS and identified novel genetic variants associated with the disorder. The analysis also showed bidirectional causal effects between IBS and neuroticism and depression, as well as the genetic liability of IBS on anxiety. These findings contribute to our understanding of the genetic basis and relationships between gastrointestinal and mental disorders.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Vilar-Ribo, Judit Cabana-Dominguez, Lourdes Martorell, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Abraham A. Palmer, Elisabet Vilella, Marta Ribases, Gerard Muntane, Maria Soler Artigas
Summary: There is evidence linking ADHD to reduced life expectancy. Individuals with ADHD have a higher mortality rate, which may be caused by unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, social adversity, and mental health problems. The study found a negative genetic correlation between ADHD and parental lifespan, indicating a common genetic background. These findings highlight the importance of ADHD as a health condition that can negatively affect lifespan and future life outcomes.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Gemma Espanol-Martin, Mireia Pagerols, Raquel Prat, Cristina Rivas, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Miquel Casas, Rosa Bosch
Summary: Prior research has shown that ADHD, SLD, and SES have an impact on educational outcomes. This study aimed to examine whether SES moderates the association between these neurodevelopmental disorders and academic achievement in Spanish students. The results indicate that ADHD and SLD have a significant impact on academic performance across different socioeconomic backgrounds.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Natalia Calvo, Jorge Lugo Marin, Raquel Vidal, Carla Sharp, Juan D. Duque, Josep-Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Marc Ferrer
Summary: This study examines the capacity of the self-report Borderline Personality Features Scale Children-11 (BPFSC-11) to discriminate between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adolescents. The results show that the total BPFSC-11 score has good discriminant capacity among adolescents diagnosed with BPD, ADHD, and healthy volunteers. However, different patterns of discriminative capacity were observed between the three groups for emotional dysregulation and impulsivity/recklessness factors.
BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER AND EMOTION DYSREGULATION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Rogelio Santiago, Antonio J. Ramos, Ana Cao, Rosa Ana Malvar, Ana Butron
Summary: In temperate regions, maize kernels are susceptible to contamination by the fumonisin-producing fungus Fusarium verticillioides. Maize breeding plays a crucial role in reducing fumonisin contamination, and a pedigree selection program was initiated to obtain inbred lines (EPFUM) with resistance to kernel contamination. The study found that EPFUM hybrids showed better resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination compared to commercial hybrids, indicating their potential in the market. White kernel hybrid EPFUM-4 x EP116 was highlighted as an alternative to dent hybrid cultivation due to its higher market value.
Article
Agronomy
Clara Melguizo, Belen Patino, Antonio J. Ramos, Covadonga Vazquez, Jessica Gil-Serna
Summary: Aspergillus flavus is a xerophilic fungus whose occurrence in vineyards is increasing, but the risk of grape contamination with aflatoxin needs further investigation.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Lin Li, Ebba Du Rietz, Le Zhang, Honghui Yao, Johan Jendle, Josep A. Ramos-Quiroga, Marta Ribases, Zheng Chang, Isabell Brikell, Samuele Cortese, Henrik Larsson
Summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the association between ADHD and T2D. Our findings suggest that individuals with ADHD have a significantly increased risk of developing T2D, and this association can be largely explained by psychiatric comorbidities. Early identification and treatment of ADHD comorbidities may be crucial in reducing the risk of T2D in individuals with ADHD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)