Editorial Material
Surgery
Arnulf H. Hoelscher, Elfriede Bollschweiler, Ulrich K. Fetzner, Benjamin Babic
Summary: The surgical approach for Siewert type II cancer should be personalized based on individual characteristics such as epidemiological, functional, oncologic, and surgical factors. For advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction type II, our preferred procedure is esophagectomy, with the option of transhiatal extended gastrectomy if R0 resection can be achieved. Esophagectomy offers several advantages.
UPDATES IN SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Krashna Patel, Alan Askari, Omar Abbassi, Naga Venkatesh Jayanthi, Oliver Claydon, James Laycock, Aravindh Ramalingam, Bhaskar Kumar, Joshua Wong, Mohamed Aly, Periyathambi Jambulingam
Summary: Comparison of completely minimally invasive oesophagectomy (CMIO) and hybrid oesophagectomy (HO) in the treatment of resectable oesophageal and gastro-oesophageal junctional cancer reveals that CMIO has better postoperative outcomes and equivalent oncological feasibility compared to HO.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James Walmsley, Arun Ariyarathenam, Richard Berrisford, Lee Humphreys, Grant Sanders, Ji Chung Tham, Tim Wheatley, David S. Y. Chan
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis found that total gastrectomy resulted in lower 30-day mortality and improved overall survival in patients with Siewert type II gastroesophageal junctional (GEJ) cancer. However, these results may be biased by the effect of two large studies.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Sander Ubels, Moniek H. P. Verstegen, Bastiaan R. Klarenbeek, Stefan Bouwense, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, Freek Daams, Marc J. van Det, Ewen A. Griffiths, Jan Willem Haveman, Joos Heisterkamp, Grard Nieuwenhuijzen, Fatih Polat, Jeroen Schouten, Peter D. Siersema, Pritam Singh, Bas Wijnhoven, Gerjon Hannink, Frans van Workum, Camiel Rosman
Summary: This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the effectiveness of different treatment strategies for anastomotic leak after oesophagectomy. The study found that less invasive primary treatment resulted in fewer complications. Therefore, less invasive primary treatment may lead to better clinical outcomes, but further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
G. Dalmonte, M. Valente, F. Tartamella, S. Cecconi, A. Annicchiarico, F. Marchesi
Summary: The optimal surgical procedure for Siewert II oesophagogastric junction cancer is still debated. This study introduced a minimally invasive Ivor Lewis technique, using laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approaches, as well as trans-hiatal oesophageal transection and transabdominal extraction, to facilitate easier thoracoscopic stage during the surgery and provide better visualization for mediastinal node dissection and oesophagogastric anastomosis.
ANNALS OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND
(2022)
Article
Surgery
P. Hollertz, M. Lindblad, P. Sandstrom, I Halldestam, D. Edholm
Summary: The study found that R1 resection is associated with poorer 5-year survival rate. Independent risk factors for death within 5 years of resection include male sex, older age, normal BMI, R1 resection, tumor stage, and lymph node metastasis.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Wen Li, Xue Zhang, Mengmeng Yuan, Jinxiu Hu, Shuwen Li
Summary: This study examines the status and influencing factors of self-compassion in oesophageal cancer patients. The findings indicate a moderate level of self-compassion among these patients, with various responses coexisting and the highest scores in the domain of common humanity. Internal factors such as education level, monthly household income, self-efficacy, resilience, and anastomosis site, as well as external factors such as family support, tumour site, combined chronic diseases, anastomosis site, and friend support significantly impact self-compassion.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jin-On Jung, Juan I. Pisula, Kasia Bozek, Felix Popp, Hans F. Fuchs, Wolfgang Schroeder, Christiane J. Bruns, Thomas Schmidt
Summary: This study applied machine-learning methods to predict postoperative complications after oesophagectomy, and the results showed that the neural network model had the highest accuracy.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Binhao Huang, Yangqing Deng, Zhichao Liu, Xiuzhi Zhu, Yuceng Su, Dantong Gu, Zhigang Li, Wentao Fang, Arjun Pennathur, James D. Luketich, Jiaqing Xiang, Hezhong Chen, Qingquan Wu, Wei Xu, Jie Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to explore the effect of interval between noncurative endoscopic resection (ER) and subsequent oesophagectomy on pathologic stage and prognosis in oesophageal cancer patients. The results showed that a longer interval was associated with worse disease-free survival (DFS), suggesting that oesophagectomy should be performed within 1 month after ER. Older age, T1b stage, lymphovascular invasion, and interval over 30 days were identified as significant risk factors for pathologic upstage and worse outcome.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Sander Ubels, Moniek Verstegen, Bastiaan Klarenbeek, Stefan Bouwense, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Freek Daams, Marc J. van Det, Ewen A. Griffiths, Jan W. Haveman, Joos Heisterkamp, Renol Koshy, Grard Nieuwenhuijzen, Fatih Polat, Peter D. Siersema, Pritam Singh, Bas Wijnhoven, Gerjon Hannink, Frans van Workum, Camiel Rosman
Summary: The Severity of oEsophageal Anastomotic Leak (SEAL) score was developed using data from the TENTACLE-Esophagus study, an international, multicentre retrospective cohort study including 1509 patients with anastomotic leak after oesophagectomy. The SEAL score was developed to determine anastomotic leak severity at diagnosis, and combines 12 leak-related parameters at diagnosis. The score may be useful in clinical practice and could improve future research.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Satoru Matsuda, Hirofumi Kawakubo, Tomoyuki Irino, Yuko Kitagawa
Summary: Oesophageal cancer is a challenging disease, but with advancements in multidisciplinary treatment and minimally invasive surgery, better treatment outcomes and reduced morbidity rates can be achieved. An accurate tumour monitoring system is needed for safe organ preservation.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yunpeng Zhao, Lei Shan, Chuanliang Peng, Bo Cong, Xiaogang Zhao
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed 214 consecutive patients who underwent minimally invasive oesophagectomy, showing that the operation time, bleeding volume, and postoperative mortality decreased significantly after 20 patients, and the rise point for node dissection was observed at patient 57. In the short term, patients who underwent mature thoracoscopic-laparoscopic oesophagectomy had better outcomes compared to those who underwent an open procedure.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Sivesh K. Kamarajah, Rohan R. Gujjuri, Muhammed Elhadi, Hamza Umar, James R. Bundred, Manjunath S. Subramanya, Richard P. T. Evans, Susan L. Powell, Ewen A. Griffiths
Summary: Elderly patients undergoing oesophagectomy for cancer are at increased risk of overall, pulmonary, and cardiac complications compared to younger patients. However, there is no increased risk of anastomotic leaks, but they do have lower 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates.
Article
Oncology
Sivesh K. Kamarajah, Sheraz R. Markar, Alexander W. Phillips, Victoria Kunene, David Fackrell, George I. Salti, Fadi S. Dahdaleh, Ewen A. Griffiths
Summary: This study suggests that adjuvant chemotherapy following neoadjuvant therapy and oesophagectomy can improve long-term survival in patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma, especially in those with negative lymph node and margin status.
Article
Oncology
Jun Xie, Lei Zhang, Zhen Liu, Chun-lei Lu, Guang-hui Xu, Man Guo, Xiao Lian, Jin-Qiang Liu, Hong-Wei Zhang, Shi-ying Zheng
Summary: This study demonstrates that McKeown minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIE) achieves better surgical and oncological outcomes for oesophageal cancer compared to open oesophagectomy (OE).
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Saqib A. Rahman, Robert C. Walker, Nick Maynard, Nigel Trudgill, Tom A. Crosby, David J. Cromwell, Timothy Underwood, NOGCA Project Team AUGIS
Summary: This study developed a predictive model for overall survival after esophagectomy using pre/postoperative clinical data and machine learning. The model showed excellent discrimination and well-calibrated predictions, providing more accuracy than TNM staging alone.
Article
Surgery
Samantha Body, Marjolein A. P. Ligthart, Saqib Rahman, James Ward, Peter May-Miller, Philip H. Pucher, Nathan J. Curtis, Malcolm A. West
Summary: This study aims to determine the relationship between body composition (BC), specifically low skeletal muscle mass (sarcopenia) and poor muscle quality (myosteatosis), and outcomes in emergency laparotomy patients. The results show that sarcopenia and myosteatosis are associated with increased adverse outcomes in emergency laparotomy patients.
Article
Surgery
Jessie R. Elliott, Sheraz Markar, Fredrik Klevebro, Asif Johar, Lucas Goense, Pernilla Lagergren, Giovanni Zaninotto, Richard I. van Hillegersberg, Mark van Berge Henegouwen, Magnus B. Nilsson, George V. Hanna, John Reynolds
Summary: Regular surveillance after curative surgery for esophageal cancer has a significant impact on the recurrence pattern, treatment, survival, and quality of life. Intensive surveillance reduces symptomatic recurrence and increases tumor-directed therapy, particularly in patients with early-stage disease or favorable pathological stage. No overall survival benefit was observed, but improved survival was seen in select patient cohorts.
Article
Immunology
Ben Nicholas, Alistair Bailey, Katy J. McCann, Oliver Wood, Robert C. Walker, Robert Parker, Nicola Ternette, Tim Elliott, Tim J. Underwood, Peter Johnson, Paul Skipp
Summary: This study analyzed the mutational and immunopeptidomic landscapes of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) and identified potential immunogenic neoantigens in some patients. However, the success rate for identifying these neoantigens was low, emphasizing the need for improved strategies.
Review
Oncology
Nora Wangari Murage, Nada Mabrouk Ahmed, Timothy J. Underwood, Zoe S. Walters, Stella Panagio Breininger
Summary: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare neoplastic condition with a low survival rate. Understanding the genetic profile of PMP can help develop targeted treatments and predict patient survival.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Navamayooran Thavanesan, Ganesh Vigneswaran, Indu Bodala, Timothy J. J. Underwood
Summary: The complexity of the upper gastrointestinal multidisciplinary team is increasing, resulting in inconsistent treatment decisions for patients with oesophageal cancer. Artificial intelligence and machine learning have been successfully applied in the healthcare field, but not yet in the MDT where it can benefit from diverse datasets. ML offers the potential to standardize and automate decisions within the MDT using data-driven approaches.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
A. Broadbent, S. Rahman, B. Grace, R. Walker, F. Noble, J. Kelly, J. Byrne, T. Underwood
Summary: Complications have a significant impact on long-term survival after oesophagectomy for cancer, especially the cumulative effect of multiple complications. Interestingly, multiple minor complications have a worse effect on survival than major complications.
Review
Oncology
Hollie A. Clements, Tim J. Underwood, Russell D. Petty
Summary: Adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal junction is a major cause of cancer death in the Western World, with increasing incidence. The overall survival of patients on a potentially curative treatment pathway has significantly improved by adding perioperative oncological therapies to surgery. However, patients often have poor response to oncological treatment or struggle to complete their treatment after surgery.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Navamayooran Thavanesan, Indu Bodala, Zoe Walters, Sarvapali Ramchurn, Timothy J. Underwood, Ganesh Vigneswaran
Summary: This experimental pilot study developed machine learning models to predict treatment decisions in oesophageal cancer multidisciplinary teams. Results showed that multinomial logistic regression outperformed other algorithms in terms of performance metrics. Age was identified as a major factor in the decision-making process.
Article
Oncology
Jonathan L. Moore, Michael Green, Aida Santaolalla, Harriet Deere, Richard P. T. Evans, Mona Elshafie, Anita Lavery, Damian T. McManus, Andrew McGuigan, Rosalie Douglas, Joanne Horne, Robert Walker, Hira Mir, Monica Terlizzo, Sivesh K. Kamarajah, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Nick Maisey, Ailsa Sita-Lumsden, Sarah Ngan, Mark Kelly, Cara R. Baker, Sacheen Kumar, Jesper Lagergren, William H. Allum, James A. Gossage, Ewen A. Griffiths, Heike I. Grabsch, Richard C. Turkington, Tim J. Underwood, Elizabeth C. Smyth, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald, David Cunningham, Andrew R. Davies
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of lymph node (LN) regression on survival after surgery for esophageal adenocarcinoma. The results showed that patients with complete LN regression, partial LN regression, or negative LNs had a lower mortality rate compared to those with poor/no LN regression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Eleanor O'Brien, Carmen Tse, Ian Tracy, Ian Reddin, Joanna Selfe, Jane Gibson, William Tapper, Reuben J. Pengelly, Jinhui Gao, Ewa Aladowicz, Gemma Petts, Khin Thway, Sergey Popov, Anna Kelsey, Timothy J. Underwood, Janet Shipley, Zoe S. Walters
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential utility of combining EZH2 inhibitors with differentiation agents for the treatment of paediatric rhabdomyosarcomas, providing a basis for further research and clinical application.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Emily L. Black, Emma Ococks, Ginny Devonshire, Alvin Wei Tian Ng, Maria O'Donovan, Shalini Malhotra, Monika Tripathi, Ahmad Miremadi, Adam Freeman, Hannah Coles, Rebecca C. Fitzgerald
Summary: The controversy of whether gastric metaplasia should be considered as Barrett's esophagus is explored in this study. Through clinical and genomic analysis, the researchers found that the malignant potential of gastric metaplasia is lower than intestinal metaplasia. Therefore, the inclusion of gastric metaplasia in the surveillance of Barrett's esophagus is questionable.
Article
Cell Biology
Benjamin P. Sharpe, Annette Hayden, Antigoni Manousopoulou, Andrew Cowie, Robert C. Walker, Jack Harrington, Fereshteh Izadi, Stella P. Breininger, Jane Gibson, Oliver Pickering, Eleanor Jaynes, Ewan Kyle, John H. Saunders, Simon L. Parsons, Alison A. Ritchie, Philip A. Clarke, Pamela Collier, Nigel P. Mongan, David O. Bates, Kiren Yacqub-Usman, Spiros D. Garbis, Zoe Walters, Matthew Rose-Zerilli, Anna M. Grabowska, Timothy J. Underwood
Summary: This study reveals that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) drive chemotherapy resistance in esophageal adenocarcinomas (EACs) and can be targeted with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) to enhance chemotherapy efficacy.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Saqib Rahman, Betsan Thomas, Nick Maynard, Min Hae Park, Muhammad Wahedally, Nigel Trudgill, Tom Crosby, David A. Cromwell, Tim J. Underwood
Summary: This study estimated the effect of postoperative chemotherapy after surgery for oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (OGAC) using a large population-based data set. The results showed that postoperative chemotherapy improves overall survival in patients with OGAC treated with preoperative chemotherapy and surgery.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)