Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro de Souza Prestes, Matheus Mulling dos Santos, Jean Paul Kamdem, Gianni Mancini, Luana Caroline Schuler da Silva, Andreza Fabro de Bem, Nilda Vargas Barbosa
Summary: The study indicates that MG can induce mitochondrial dysfunctions, inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation and complex II activity, while also reducing membrane potential and mitochondrial viability. These effects alter important steps of the respiratory chain and bioenergetic responses.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gustavo Axel Elizalde-Velazquez, Leobardo Manuel Gomez-Olivan, Sandra Garcia-Medina, Hariz Islas-Flores, Maria Dolores Hernandez-Navarro, Marcela Galar-Martinez
Summary: The study found that metformin accelerates the hatching process of zebrafish embryos and induces various morphological changes, leading to embryo death. Additionally, metformin affects the oxidative balance of zebrafish embryos, resulting in oxidative damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simona Cavalu, Hossam Sharaf, Sameh Saber, Mahmoud E. Youssef, Amir Mohamed Abdelhamid, Ahmed A. E. Mourad, Samar Ibrahim, Shady Allam, Rehab Mohamed Elgharabawy, Eman El-Ahwany, Noha A. Amin, Ahmed Shata, Mai Eldegla, Marina Atef, Maii Aboraya, Mayar Mohamed, Niera Anz, Dina Abd Elmotelb, Fayrouz Gabr, Dalia Elzablawy, Menna Hamada, Amr Yehia, Dalia Osama, Osama A. Mohammed
Summary: The study investigates the potential application of ambroxol in modifying the progression of ulcerative colitis (UC) by its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties. The findings suggest that high doses of oral ambroxol improved the features of the injured colon, reduced disease activity, and enhanced antioxidant defense against oxidative damage by boosting Nrf2 activity. Ambroxol also inactivated NF-kappa B signaling and suppressed pro-inflammatory mediators, while upregulating IL-10. The study highlights the need for new therapies with better efficacy and safety profiles for UC patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marlize Ferreira-Cravo, Daniel C. Moreira, Marcelo Hermes-Lima
Summary: The upregulation of endogenous antioxidants is a common response in animals that tolerate hypoxia/anoxia for extended periods. This study investigated the role of glutathione (GSH) in controlling redox homeostasis under the stress of anoxia and reoxygenation in Helix aspersa. The depletion of total GSH (tGSH) using BSO revealed that GSH is required to withstand the oxidative challenge induced by hypoxia and reoxygenation in land snails.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cuirong Zeng, Yan Qiu, Sujuan Li, Ziwei Teng, Hui Xiang, Jindong Chen, Xiangxin Wu, Ting Cao, Shuangyang Zhang, Qian Chen, Haishan Wu, HuaLin Cai
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of probiotic supplementation on oxidative stress biomarkers and clinical symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder. The results showed that probiotics had advantageous effects on specific clinical symptoms, especially manic symptoms, in these patients. The changes in plasma oxidative stress biomarkers may serve as prognostic indexes for bipolar patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathalia Stark Pedra, Natalia Pontes Bona, Mayara Sandrielly Soares de Aguiar, Luiza Spohr, Fernando Lopez Alves, Francieli da Silva dos Santos, Juliane Torchelsen Saraiva, Francieli Moro Stefanello, Elizandra Braganhol, Roselia Maria Spanevello
Summary: This study investigated the potential therapeutic effect of gallic acid (GA) on glioblastoma (GBM). The results demonstrated that GA had selective anti-glioma activity in vitro without inducing cytotoxicity in astrocytes. In vivo, GA reduced tumor volume and prevented oxidative damage caused by the tumor.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marialucia Gallorini, Simone Carradori, Diana I. S. P. Resende, Luciano Saso, Alessia Ricci, Andreia Palmeira, Amelia Cataldi, Madalena Pinto, Emilia Sousa
Summary: Natural products have gained attention for their safety and potential effectiveness as anti-inflammatory drugs. Xanthones, particularly alpha- and gamma-mangostin, have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but their mechanism of action is still only partially understood. Studies on synthesized xanthone derivatives have revealed a close relationship between the xanthone scaffold and Nrf2 activation, which plays a role in the cell's response to oxidative stress and inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karol Mierzejewski, Aleksandra Kurzynska, Zuzanna Gerwel, Monika Golubska, Robert Stryinski, Iwona Bogacka
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta/delta (PPAR beta/delta) ligands on the transcriptomic profile of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated pig corpus luteum (CL) in the mid-luteal phase of the estrous cycle using RNA-seq technology. The results revealed that PPAR beta/delta agonists regulated the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory response in a dose-dependent manner. Lower dose of GW0724 showed an anti-inflammatory character, while higher dose seemed to be pro-inflammatory.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giyoung Lee, Amit Banik, Juneyong Eum, Byung Joon Hwang, Seung-Hae Kwon, Yun Kee
Summary: Ipconazole, a widely used agricultural fungicide, has the potential to alter neurodevelopment by dysregulating mitochondrial homeostasis in zebrafish embryos. It was found that ipconazole exposure reduced locomotive activity and dysregulated GABAergic inhibitory neurons, while leaving glutamatergic excitatory and dopaminergic neurons unaffected. Molecular profiling revealed oxidative stress and reduced expression of mitochondria-related genes. Furthermore, ipconazole treatment caused cell death independent of caspase activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jeannie Xue Ting Lee, Wei Ren Tan, Zun Siong Low, Jia Qi Lee, Damien Chua, Wisely Duan Chi Yeo, Benedict See, Marcus Ivan Gerard Vos, Tomohiko Yasuda, Sachiyo Nomura, Hong Sheng Cheng, Nguan Soon Tan
Summary: Metastasis is regulated by gene networks, and disruption of these networks can yield promising outcomes. The signaling protein YWHAG is identified as a hub gene with clinical relevance in various cancers. It is shown that YWHAG plays a role in protecting cancer cells from oxidative stress and is associated with enhanced autophagy during metastasis. The expression level of YWHAG is correlated with metastasis potential and survival time in tumors.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wang Shengchen, Liu Jing, Yao Yujie, Wang Yue, Xu Shiwen
Summary: The environmental problem of Microplastics pollution has caused a significant threat to human and animal health globally. The exposure to different sizes of polystyrene microplastics affects the growth and repair of skeletal muscles in mice, with delayed regeneration and negative correlation with particle size. Mechanistic research revealed that ROS overproduction caused by microplastics disturbed muscle regeneration and directed the fate of satellite cells.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Konstantina Kritikou, Marina Imre, Mihaela Tanase, Arina Vinereanu, Alexandra Ripszky Totan, Tudor-Claudiu Spinu, Radu Ilinca, Daniela Miricescu, Iulia-Ioana Stanescu-Spinu, Maria Greabu
Summary: In this pilot study, levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix degradation biomarkers were measured in healthy and symptomatic irreversibly inflamed dental pulp samples from children and adolescents. The results showed significantly higher levels of certain biomarkers in samples with irreversible inflammation, indicating their important role in the inflammation process of human dental pulp.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Amir Tirosh, Gurol Tuncman, Ediz S. Calay, Moran Rathaus, Idit Ron, Amit Tirosh, Abdullah Yalcin, Yankun G. Lee, Rinat Livne, Sophie Ron, Neri Minsky, Ana Paula Arruda, Gokhan S. Hotamisligil
Summary: ERS in obesity leads to increased Cx43-mediated intercellular propagation, exacerbating hepatic steatosis and impairing whole-body glucose metabolism.
Article
Cell Biology
Yue Xiao, Bao Yuan, Weiyi Hu, Jiajia Qi, Hao Jiang, Boxing Sun, Jiabao Zhang, Shuang Liang
Summary: Exposure to TBTO prevents porcine oocyte maturation by inducing intracellular ROS accumulation, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupting cellular iron homeostasis, ultimately decreasing quality and impairing subsequent embryonic developmental competence of porcine oocytes.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chuanjing Cheng, Jinling Zhang, Kaixin Liu, Yanyan Xu, Fukui Shen, Yanqi Han, Yuanyuan Hou, Tiejun Zhang, Gang Bai
Summary: The study aims to determine the potential therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of Ginsenoside CK in improving oxidative stress injury. It was found that CK improves oxidative damage by regulating the KEAP1-NRF2/ARE pathway, and its target protein is KEAP1. CK binds to KEAP1, disrupting the binding between NRF2 and KEAP1, thereby inhibiting oxidative damage induced by LPS or physical mechanical stress.
Article
Immunology
Fernando A. Vicentini, Jake C. Szamosi, Laura Rossi, Lateece Griffin, Kristoff Nieves, Dominique Bihan, Ian A. Lewis, Quentin J. Pittman, Mark G. Swain, Michael G. Surette, Simon A. Hirota, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are associated with cognitive and emotional comorbidities. This study found that alterations in the gut microbiota, which are influenced by intestinal inflammation, may contribute to the development of behavioral abnormalities in colitis.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bradley G. Goodyear, Faranak Heidari, Richard J. M. Ingram, Filomeno Cortese, Nastaran Sharifi, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Christopher Ma, Remo Panaccione, Keith A. Sharkey, Mark G. Swain
Summary: Magnetic resonance imaging revealed structural and functional changes within the brains of inflammatory bowel disease patients, in regions known to be involved in processing brain signals associated with behavioral symptoms, anxiety, pain, stress, and cognitive deficits.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Nina L. Cluny, Kewir D. Nyuyki, Wagdi Almishri, Lateece Griffin, Benjamin H. Lee, Simon A. Hirota, Quentin J. Pittman, Mark G. Swain, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: In experimental colitis, monocytes expressing α4β7 integrin direct the recruitment of neutrophils to cerebral vasculature, leading to elevated cytokine levels and subsequently anxiety-like behavior.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hailey Cuddihey, Jean-Baptiste Cavin, Catherine M. Keenan, Laurie E. Wallace, Kiran Vemuri, Alexandros Makriyannis, Wallace K. MacNaughton, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: The endocannabinoid system of the gastrointestinal tract regulates intestinal barrier function through the expression of CB1 receptors on the intestinal epithelium. Activation of CB1 receptors restores barrier function in mice fed a high-fat diet.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Mafalda S. L. Aresta Branco, Alejandro Gutierrez Cruz, Jacob Dayton, Brian A. Perrino, Violeta N. Mutafova-Yambolieva
Summary: Prior studies indicate that ATP released by the urothelium plays an important role in bladder mechanotransduction and undergoes hydrolysis during bladder filling. Experimental results show that the hydrolysis of ATP and ADP is significantly greater in distended bladders compared to non-distended bladders, while the hydrolysis of AMP remains unchanged. Furthermore, the activity of nucleotidases is also higher in the extraluminal solution from distended bladders. These findings suggest that the hydrolysis reaction during bladder filling is mechanosensitive.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stuart M. Brierley, Beverley Greenwood-Van Meerveld, Giovanni Sarnelli, Keith A. Sharkey, Martin Storr, Jan Tack
Summary: This review provides an overview of the potential of the gastrointestinal endocannabinoid system as a therapeutic target for the management of pain in irritable bowel syndrome. It discusses the role of endocannabinoid system in regulating gastrointestinal function and pain processing, compares cannabinoids to other treatment modalities, and explores emerging therapeutic candidates targeting the endocannabinoid system for pain relief in irritable bowel syndrome.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Crystal Woods, Amanda R. Flockton, Laurie E. Wallace, Catherine M. Keenan, Wendy B. Macklin, Keith A. Sharkey, Jaime Belkind-Gerson
Summary: Proteolipid protein 1 (Plp1) is highly expressed in enteric glia and plays a regulatory role in gut motility and barrier function, possibly through the Erk1/2 pathway. The absence of myelin in the enteric nervous system suggests another role for Plp1 in the gut.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Keith A. Sharkey, Gary M. Mawe
Summary: The gastrointestinal tract is the most complex organ system in the body, controlling digestion and defense functions through the enteric nervous system. This system interacts with the immune system, gut microbiota, and epithelium to maintain mucosal defense and barrier function. Recent developments have improved our understanding of the molecular architecture, function, and regulation of the enteric nervous system, highlighting its importance in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Gutierrez Cruz, Mafalda S. L. Aresta Branco, Brian A. Perrino, Kenton M. Sanders, Violeta N. Mutafova-Yambolieva
Summary: Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is released in the bladder lumen during filling to regulate bladder excitability. Increased urinary ATP is suggested as a biomarker for bladder dysfunctions including overactive bladder, interstitial cystitis, and bladder pain syndrome. Altered urinary ATP might also be associated with voiding dysfunctions linked to disease states associated with metabolic syndrome.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mafalda S. L. Aresta Branco, Alejandro Gutierrez Cruz, Lauren E. Peri, Violeta N. Mutafova-Yambolieva
Summary: During bladder filling, the urothelium releases ATP into the lamina propria, which activates P2X receptors and triggers the micturition reflex. The release of ATP is regulated by PANX1 channel and P2X7 receptor. PANX1 hinders the release of soluble ectonucleotidases, while P2X7 activation facilitates their release.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mafalda S. L. Aresta Branco, Alejandro Gutierrez Cruz, Mahsa Borhani Peikani, Violeta N. Mutafova-Yambolieva
Summary: The urinary bladder requires proper concentrations of extracellular ATP and other purines at receptor sites for normal functioning. Ectonucleotidases play a crucial role in dephosphorylation of ATP to ADP, AMP and ADO. The activation of metabolic pathways can restrict the release of ectonucleotidases and prevent excessive hydrolysis of ATP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jean-Baptiste Cavin, Preedajit Wongkrasant, Joel B. Glover, Onesmo B. Balemba, Wallace K. MacNaughton, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: The enteric nervous system regulates the functions of the gastrointestinal tract, and its response to changes in the gut lumen is not well understood. This study used live-cell confocal recordings to investigate neuronal response to luminal mechanical and chemical stimuli. The results show that intestinal distension regulates the excitability of enteric neural circuits via mechanosensitive channels, and the content of the intestinal lumen dynamically regulates the excitability of enteric neural circuits.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Abdel Aziz Shaheen, Gilaad G. Kaplan, Keith A. Sharkey, B. Cord Lethebe, Mark G. Swain
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of major depressive disorder (MDD) and antidepressant use on survival among patients with chronic viral hepatitis. The results showed that MDD was more prevalent in HCV patients and they were more likely to use antidepressants compared to HBV patients. However, MDD did not affect disease progression or survival in both HBV and HCV cohorts. The use of certain antidepressants was associated with poor decompensated cirrhosis-free survival. Further study should be conducted on the use of antidepressants in viral hepatitis patients.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christopher D. Drummond-Main, Younghee Ahn, Mitchell Kesler, Cezar Gavrilovici, Do Young Kim, Ivana Kiroski, Samantha L. Baglot, Amy Chen, Keith A. Sharkey, Matthew N. Hill, G. Campbell Teskey, Jong M. Rho
Summary: This study found that CBD affects mitochondrial function and neuronal integrity, reducing mitochondrial respiration and calcium uptake, and leading to learning and memory deficits. These effects are independent of CB1 receptor and mitochondrial G-protein-coupled receptor 55.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fernando A. Vicentini, Tanner Fahlman, Stephanie G. Raptis, Laurie E. Wallace, Simon A. Hirota, Keith A. Sharkey
Summary: Propulsive gastrointestinal motility is crucial for digestion and defense. It is regulated by the intramural reflex pathways of the enteric nervous system (ENS), which is influenced by luminal factors, including the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota not only regulates ENS motor programs, but also plays a critical role in the structure and function of the ENS.
ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM II
(2022)