Article
Neurosciences
Shraddha Shah, Marc Mancarella, Jacqueline R. Hembrook-Short, Vanessa L. Mock, Farran Briggs
Summary: Attention enhances the selection of behaviorally relevant sensory signals and modulates neuronal activity in visual brain areas, with attention gain magnitudes varying across different brain regions. Discrepancies in attention effects between humans and monkeys are not simply due to species or measurement differences, but rather reflect unique properties of each visual brain area. The feature selectivity of recorded multiunit activity plays a role in attentional modulation across visual brain areas.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Norihiro Takakuwa, Kaoru Isa, Hirotaka Onoe, Jun Takahashi, Tadashi Isa
Summary: Blindsight is a phenomenon where some patients can respond to visual stimuli in their lesion-affected visual field even after damage to the primary visual cortex (V1). The study used pharmacological inactivation of the pulvinar and LGN to clarify their roles in a simple visually guided saccades task, finding that both regions play key roles in performing the task after V1 lesioning.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kacie Dougherty, Brock M. Carlson, Michele A. Cox, Jacob A. Westerberg, Wolf Zinke, Michael C. Schmid, Paul R. Martin, Alexander Maier
Summary: The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in the brain receives outputs from both eyes, with most neurons being activated by stimulation from one dominant eye. Previous work has shown binocular modulation in monkeys when luminance differences are introduced or with single-contrast stimuli. The study found that LGN neurons of all types were significantly suppressed when stimuli were presented at low contrast to the dominant eye and high contrast to the non-dominant eye, indicating antagonistic interaction between the inputs of the two eyes.
Article
Neurosciences
Hiroki Oishi, Hiromasa Takemura, Kaoru Amano
Summary: This article presents a method for identifying subdivisions of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) using structural magnetic resonance imaging. The validity of the method was confirmed by comparing it with histological data and functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements, as well as analyzing test-retest reliability. The findings suggest that this method is promising for evaluating tissue properties of LGN subdivisions in living humans, enabling further research in neuroscience and clinical applications.
Article
Neurosciences
Sayumi Okigawa, Masahiro Yamaguchi, Kei N. Ito, Ryosuke F. Takeuchi, Nao Morimoto, Fumitaka Osakada
Summary: Over 40 distinct types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) generate parallel processing pathways in the visual system. In mice, two subdivisions of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), the core and the shell, organize distinct parallel channels to transmit visual information from the retina to the primary visual cortex (V1). This study provides anatomical evidence of the cell type- and layer-specific convergence in dLGN core and shell neurons. These findings suggest that dLGN core neurons integrate and process more multimodal information along with visual information than shell neurons and that LGN core and shell neurons integrate different types of information, send their own convergent information to discrete populations of the V1, and differentially contribute to visual perception and behavior.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Christa Mueller-Axt, Cornelius Eichner, Henriette Rusch, Louise Kauffmann, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Alfred Anwander, Markus Morawski, Katharina von Kriegstein
Summary: This study demonstrates that quantitative MRI methods can be used to assess the microstructural features of the human lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and its subdivisions, providing insights into the functional and structural characteristics of the LGN in humans.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ubadah Sabbagh, Gubbi Govindaiah, Rachana D. Somaiya, Ryan Ha, Jessica C. Wei, William Guido, Michael A. Fox
Summary: This study identified novel neuronal cell types in mouse vLGN using various techniques, revealing distinct GABAergic cell types in different laminae of vLGN. The results suggest that the subtype-specific laminar distribution of retinorecipient cells in vLGNe may play a crucial role in receiving, processing, and transmitting light-derived signals in parallel channels of the subcortical visual system.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Gubbi Govindaiah, Michael A. Fox, William Guido
Summary: The ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN) is involved in complex visual behaviors, and the external subdivision (vLGNe) and internal subdivision (vLGNi) have different characteristics. This study found that neurons in vLGNe receive convergent input from the retina and cortical layer V, while neurons in vLGNi only respond to cortical layer V input.
Article
Neurosciences
Irem Yildirim, Keith A. Schneider
Summary: Perception alternates between two different stimuli presented to each eye in binocular rivalry. The study found that activity in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is correlated with perception during binocular rivalry, suggesting that perception occurs in the LGN and is not limited to a single information channel.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Prayerna Uppal, William P. Madigan, Jonathan Murnick, Jeffrey Strelzik, Dana Harrar
Summary: We present a case of a 13-year-old female with influenza who developed vision loss due to retinal and lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) infarctions. Her left eye remained with near-total vision loss even after 3.5 years. This case is the second reported instance of bilateral retinal and LGN infarctions associated with influenza. The mechanism of infarction is still unknown, but it is crucial to recognize this condition and provide appropriate counseling to patients as visual recovery may be poor.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lukasz Chrobok, Jagoda Stanislawa Jeczmien-Lazur, Kamil Pradel, Jasmin Daniela Klich, Monika Bubka, Michal Wojcik, Mariusz Kepczynski, Marian Henryk Lewandowski
Summary: The study reveals that biological clocks regulate the circadian rhythm of non-image forming visual structures through the orexinergic system. Orexins show higher levels at night and directly regulate responses to retinal input in the lateral geniculate nucleus. The orexinergic system plays a crucial role in circadian modulation of neurons processing ambient light levels in the brain.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Satoru Kondo, Yuko Kiyohara, Kenichi Ohki
Summary: This study investigates the influence of thalamic inputs- lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and lateral posterior nucleus (LPN)- on the response selectivity of neurons in the mouse primary visual cortex (V1). The results show that LPN axons terminate primarily in layers 1 and 5 of V1, while LGN axons mainly terminate in layer 4. LPN axons send highly orientation- and direction-selective inputs to all layers of V1, whereas LGN axons send selective inputs primarily to layers 1 and 2/3. The distribution of preferred orientation and direction is biased in LPN axons but less biased in LGN axons. Both LPN and LGN axons send selective inputs in terms of spatial frequency tuning, but LPN axons exhibit a more diverse distribution of preferred spatial frequency.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Wen Wen, Yue Wang, Jiawei Zhou, Sheng He, Xinghuai Sun, Hong Liu, Chen Zhao, Peng Zhang
Summary: Abnormal visual experiences early in life, particularly amblyopia, have been found to impact the subcortical visual pathways of the adult human brain. This leads to selective alterations in the parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus and corticotectal pathways, providing a neural basis for deficits in visual acuity, ocular motor control, and attention associated with amblyopia.
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin R. Duffy, Nathan A. Crowder, Arnold J. Heynen, Mark F. Bear
Summary: During a critical period after birth, monocular deprivation (MD) reduces the size of neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) connected to the deprived eye and shifts cortical ocular dominance in favor of the non-deprived eye. Temporary inactivation of the non-deprived eye, known as monocular inactivation (MI), can promote better recovery from long-term MD effects compared to conventional occlusion therapy. MI has a significant impact on neuron size in the dLGN, especially when applied during the peak of the critical period. Unlike MD, MI induces structural plasticity in both the binocular and monocular segments of the dLGN. The effectiveness of MI decreases with age but still produces significant effects even beyond the critical period, showing double the magnitude and efficacy compared to MD. The effects of MI can be fully remedied with a short period of binocular experience, leading to full recovery of vision in the previously inactivated eye. These findings highlight the potential of MI to modify the visual pathway and its ability to ameliorate visual system disorders like amblyopia.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Martin A. Spacek, Davide Crombie, Yannik Bauer, Gregory Born, Xinyu Liu, Steffen Katzner, Laura Busse
Summary: Neurons in the dLGN receive modulatory inputs from CT feedback and brain stem nuclei. CT feedback consistently increases dLGN response gain and promotes tonic firing for naturalistic movie clips, while its effects on firing rates for gratings are mixed. The neural signatures of CT feedback closely resemble those of behavioral state, but the effects of behavioral state on responses to movies persist even when CT feedback is suppressed.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Bartlett D. Moore, Eleonora Bartoli, Suganya Karunakaran, Kamin Kim
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2015)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Bartlett D. Moore
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
S. Sekhar, A. Jalligampala, E. Zrenner, D. L. Rathbun
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniel L. Rathbun, Henry J. Alitto, David K. Warland, W. Martin Usrey
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2016)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
S. Sekhar, A. Jalligampala, E. Zrenner, D. L. Rathbun
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Archana Jalligampala, Sudarshan Sekhar, Eberhart Zrenner, Daniel L. Rathbun
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Henry J. Alitto, Daniel L. Rathbun, Tucker G. Fisher, Prescott C. Alexander, W. Martin Usrey
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Ophthalmology
Carina Kelbsch, Archana Jalligampala, Torsten Strasser, Paul Richter, Katarina Stingl, Christoph Braun, Daniel L. Rathbun, Eberhart Zrenner, Helmut Wilhelm, Barbara Wilhelm, Tobias Peters, Krunoslav Stingl
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Bartlett D. Moore, Daniel L. Rathbun, W. Martin Usrey, Ralph D. Freeman
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2014)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
D. L. Rathbun, N. Ghorbani, H. Shabani, E. Zrenner, Z. Hosseinzadeh
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Henry Alitto, Daniel L. Rathbun, Jessica J. Vandeleest, Prescott C. Alexander, W. Martin Usrey
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Correction
Neurosciences
H. Shabani, Mahdi Sadeghi, E. Zrenner, D. L. Rathbun, Z. Hosseinzadeh
VISUAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
H. Shabani, E. Zrenner, D. L. Rathbun, Z. Hosseinzadeh
Summary: This study attempted to convert spike trains from mouse RGCs into pseudocalcium signals to match with predefined calcium signal-based groups, partially successful. Different classification methods are needed to define clear RGC groups from MEA data for bionic vision research. Others may explore pseudocalcium approach to reconcile spike trains with calcium signals, with this work providing insights on limitations and potential pitfalls.
VISUAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
A. Jalligampala, E. Zrenner, D. L. Rathbun
2015 7TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE/EMBS CONFERENCE ON NEURAL ENGINEERING (NER)
(2015)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
D. L. Rathbun, A. Jalligampala, K. Stingl, E. Zrenner
2015 7TH INTERNATIONAL IEEE/EMBS CONFERENCE ON NEURAL ENGINEERING (NER)
(2015)