Article
Engineering, Environmental
Avery B. Dalton, Sergey A. Nizkorodov
Summary: This study investigates the roles of chemical environment and viscosity in the photochemical fate of molecules trapped in atmospheric particles. The results show that the photochemical fate of 4-nitrocatechol and 2,4-dinitrophenol depends on the medium they are in, with higher photolysis rates observed in organic aerosol particles compared to water. This suggests that the photodegradation of nitrophenols varies depending on whether they are in liquid or semisolid organic particles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siyu He, Shanshan Wang, Sanbao Zhang, Jian Zhu, Zhibin Sun, Ruibin Xue, Bin Zhou
Summary: Multi-AXis-Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) measurements were conducted in a suburb of Shanghai to study the distribution and sources of HONO. HONO was mainly found near the surface, but occasionally high values were observed at high altitudes. The positive correlation between HONO and aerosols indicates the importance of photo-enhanced heterogeneous reactions in the production of HONO at high altitudes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Junling Li, Kun Li, Hao Zhang, Xin Zhang, Yuanyuan Ji, Wanghui Chu, Yuxue Kong, Yangxi Chu, Yanqin Ren, Yujie Zhang, Haijie Zhang, Rui Gao, Zhenhai Wu, Fang Bi, Xuan Chen, Xuezhong Wang, Weigang Wang, Hong Li, Maofa Ge
Summary: Vehicle exhaust is a major source of air pollutants in urban areas, containing a complex mixture of organic vapours. This study investigates the photooxidation of vehicle emissions in the presence of NOx and SO2, and finds that ozone formation is influenced by temperature and OH concentration, but not significantly affected by SO2 concentration. However, SO2 enhances particle formation and promotes the formation of organo-sulfates. These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding the effects of various factors on the oxidation of organic gases in the atmosphere and the formation of ozone and secondary particles.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yue Zhao, Min Yao, Yingqi Wang, Ziyue Li, Shunyao Wang, Chenxi Li, Huayun Xiao
Summary: This study provides experimental evidence for the important role of acyl organic peroxy radicals (RO2) and stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs) in the formation of particle-phase dimers during the ozonolysis of alpha-pinene. It contributes to reducing uncertainties in future atmospheric modeling of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) budget, properties, and health and climate impacts.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jie Zhang, Xiao He, Xiang Ding, Jian Zhen Yu, Qi Ying
Summary: The CMAQ model was modified to simulate the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) from different species. The study demonstrates the importance of considering the contribution of various oxidation pathways in accurately estimating organic aerosols. Additionally, equations linking tracer concentrations to SOA concentrations were proposed for better estimation of environmental organic aerosols.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amalia Munoz, Esther Borras, Teresa Vera, Inmaculada Colmenar, Milagros Rodenas, Cristina Gimeno, Esther Fuentes, Clara Coscolla, Hector Calvete-Sogo
Summary: After being released into the environment, pesticides undergo degradation and form more hazardous products. These products can interact with natural compounds emitted by crops, leading to the formation of secondary air pollutants that affect human health and climate warming.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Heather L. Runberg, Brian J. Majestic
Summary: The formation of humic-like substances (HULIS) from the photolysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) is influenced by the production of hydroxyl radicals (OH). Although OH is an important factor for HULIS formation, pathways that do not involve OH can also contribute to the formation of HULIS from PAH.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Satoshi Inomata
Summary: This study found that the presence of OH radicals during alpha-pinene ozonolysis affects the size distribution of secondary organic aerosols, potentially leading to the generation of ELVOCs compounds through specific reaction pathways.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ruifeng Zhang, Masao Gen, Zhancong Liang, Yong Jie Li, Chak Keung Chan
Summary: This study examines the reactions of glyoxal during photooxidation and BrC formation and finds that nitrate photolysis and photosensitization can significantly enhance the decay rates of glyoxal. It also observes the formation of a persistent organic phase, which suggests its potential contribution to SOA formation in ambient fine particles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ruifeng Zhang, Masao Gen, Zhancong Liang, Yong Jie Li, Chak Keung Chan
Summary: The study investigates the reactions of glyoxal during photooxidation and BrC formation in premixed NH4NO3 + Glyoxal droplets. It finds that nitrate photolysis and photosensitization can enhance the decay rates of glyoxal significantly, and a new organic phase was formed in irradiated NH4NO3 + Glyoxal droplets, suggesting potential contributions to SOA formation in ambient fine particles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jienan Li, Daniel A. Knopf
Summary: The reactivity of organic aerosol (OA) towards OH oxidation is strongest with temperature when the organic species is in the liquid phase. By using the resistor model, the physicochemical parameters of the temperature dependent OH uptake process can be evaluated, allowing for the prediction of the degree of oxidation and chemical lifetime of the condensed-phase organic species under typical tropospheric conditions when OA particle viscosity is known.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Torsten Berndt
Summary: This study investigates the formation of RO2 radicals and their closed-shell products from the OH + alpha-pinene reaction under close to atmospheric conditions. The main closed-shell products are substances with the composition C10H16O2 and C10H16O4, obtained with molar yields in specific ranges. The findings also reveal the suppression of highly oxygenated organic molecules by a factor of 2-2.2 for the highest NO concentration used.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexandra Lisovskaya, Oleg Shadyro, Olav Schiemann, Ian Carmichael
Summary: This study investigated the reactions between OH radicals and the hydrophilic part of sphingolipids using model compounds, revealing different reaction properties. Radical intermediates formed in the reactions were characterized using various methods, and quantum chemical calculations were utilized to interpret the experimental data. The main process observed for all compounds studied was H-abstraction from the terminal carbon atom, with the presence of an unsubstituted amino group shown to significantly alter the reaction properties of serinol.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Catherine G. Masoud, Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz
Summary: The study conducted environmental chamber experiments on the Cl-initiated photo-oxidation of alpha-pinene, finding that chlorine radicals can significantly impact SOA formation, especially under low NOx conditions. The results suggest that the chlorine-initiated oxidation process produces HOM that are significantly more abundant in the particle phase than in the gas phase.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anke Mutzel, Yanli Zhang, Olaf Boege, Maria Rodigast, Agata Kolodziejczyk, Xinming Wang, Hartmut Herrmann
Summary: The study investigated the oxidation reactions of alpha-pinene, limonene, and m-cresol under different relative humidity conditions and found that the SOA formation potential varied significantly depending on the reaction and humidity levels. Limonene showed a higher SOA yield with NO3 radicals under dry conditions, while m-cresol exhibited unexpectedly high SOA yields with OH radicals, particularly under elevated RH. Alpha-pinene, on the other hand, yielded consistent levels of SOA regardless of RH. Additionally, the chemical composition and markers of SOA were found to differ between the different compounds and reaction conditions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yonghong Wang, Petri Clusius, Chao Yan, Kaspar Dallenbach, Rujing Yin, Mingyi Wang, Xu-Cheng He, Biwu Chu, Yiqun Lu, Lubna Dada, Juha Kangasluoma, Pekka Rantala, Chenjuan Deng, Zhuohui Lin, Weigang Wang, Lei Yao, Xiaolong Fan, Wei Du, Jing Cai, Liine Heikkinen, Yee Jun Tham, Qiaozhi Zha, Zhenhao Ling, Heikki Junninen, Tuukka Petaja, Maofa Ge, Yuesi Wang, Hong He, Douglas R. Worsnop, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Federico Bianchi, Lin Wang, Jingkun Jiang, Yongchun Liu, Michael Boy, Mikael Ehn, Neil M. Donahue, Markku Kulmala
Summary: This study conducted simultaneous measurements in Beijing, showing that the condensation of OOMs explains a significant portion of organic aerosol mass growth, especially during severe haze episodes. These novel results provide a quantitative molecular connection from anthropogenic emissions to haze formation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yunliang Zhao, Daniel S. Tkacik, Andrew A. May, Neil M. Donahue, Allen L. Robinson
Summary: By analyzing ambient and emissions data, it has been found that mobile sources make a significant contribution to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the Los Angeles region from 2009 to 2019. Despite the improvements in air quality, the reduction in organic aerosol (OA) concentrations has not been as significant as primary pollutants. It is suggested that reducing emissions from mobile sources will lead to further improvements in atmospheric SOA and PM2.5 mass in the Los Angeles region.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jiali Shen, Wiebke Scholz, Xu-Cheng He, Putian Zhou, Guillaume Marie, Mingyi Wang, Ruby Marten, Mihnea Surdu, Birte Rorup, Rima Baalbaki, Antonio Amorim, Farnoush Ataei, David M. Bell, Barbara Bertozzi, Zoe Brasseur, Lucia Caudillo, Dexian Chen, Biwu Chu, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Henning Finkenzeller, Manuel Granzin, Roberto Guida, Martin Heinritzi, Victoria Hofbauer, Siddharth Iyer, Deniz Kemppainen, Weimeng Kong, Jordan E. Krechmer, Andreas Kuerten, Houssni Lamkaddam, Chuan Ping Lee, Brandon Lopez, Naser G. A. Mahfouz, Hanna E. Manninen, Dario Massabo, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Tatjana Mueller, Joschka Pfeifer, Maxim Philippov, Ana A. Piedehierro, Pontus Roldin, Siegfried Schobesberger, Mario Simon, Dominik Stolzenburg, Yee Jun Tham, Antonio Tome, Nsikanabasi Silas Umo, Dongyu Wang, Yonghong Wang, Stefan K. Weber, Andre Welti, Robin Wollesen de Jonge, Yusheng Wu, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Felix Zust, Urs Baltensperger, Joachim Curtius, Richard C. Flagan, Armin Hansel, Ottmar Moehler, Tuukka Petaja, Rainer Volkamer, Markku Kulmala, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Matti Rissanen, Jasper Kirkby, Imad El-Haddad, Federico Bianchi, Mikko Sipila, Neil M. Donahue, Douglas R. Worsnop
Summary: This study demonstrates that gas-phase MSA production increases with decreasing temperature and the updated DMS oxidation mechanism reveals higher MSA yields than previously predicted. The impact of NOx is found to be less significant compared to temperature.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dominik Stolzenburg, Mingyi Wang, Meredith Schervish, Neil M. Donahue
Summary: This article introduces a method for modeling organic aerosol growth and provides detailed instructions on how to use a 2-dimensional VBS based on gas-phase measurements. It demonstrates the calculation of growth rates using examples from field and chamber measurements, and summarizes the limitations of this approach and the necessary future developments.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kasey C. Edwards, Alexandra L. Klodt, Tommaso Galeazzo, Meredith Schervish, Jinlai Wei, Ting Fang, Neil M. Donahue, Bernard Aumont, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Manabu Shiraiwa
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) play a significant role in the chemical transformation of atmospheric aerosols and their adverse effects on health. This study investigated the effects of nitrogen oxides (NOx) on the content of EPFR and the formation of ROS from secondary organic aerosols (SOA) generated from alpha-pinene and naphthalene. The presence of NOx had little influence on EPFR concentrations and oxidative potential, while high NOx conditions led to reduced formation of hydroperoxides and enhanced formation of organic nitrates.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Bin Zhao, Jerome Fast, Manish Shrivastava, Neil M. M. Donahue, Yang Gao, John E. E. Shilling, Ying Liu, Rahul A. A. Zaveri, Brian Gaudet, Shuxiao Wang, Jian Wang, Zeqi Li, Jiwen Fan
Summary: Understanding the formation processes of particles and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) in pristine environments is crucial for assessing anthropogenic impacts on climate change. This study used a sophisticated model to simulate the formation of new particles from condensable vapors and the transport of chemical species. The results showed that the new particle formation plays a significant role in the particle and CCN concentrations in the pristine Amazon boundary layer. These new particles mainly originate from long-range transport and downward transport from the upper atmosphere.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Henning Finkenzeller, Siddharth Iyer, Xu-Cheng He, Mario Simon, Theodore K. Koenig, Christopher F. Lee, Rashid Valiev, Victoria Hofbauer, Antonio Amorim, Rima Baalbaki, Andrea Baccarini, Lisa Beck, David M. Bell, Lucia Caudillo, Dexian Chen, Randall Chiu, Biwu Chu, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Martin Heinritzi, Deniz Kemppainen, Changhyuk Kim, Jordan Krechmer, Andreas Kurten, Alexandr Kvashnin, Houssni Lamkaddam, Chuan Ping Lee, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Zijun Li, Vladimir Makhmutov, Hanna E. Manninen, Guillaume Marie, Ruby Marten, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Tatjana Muller, Tuukka Petaja, Maxim Philippov, Ananth Ranjithkumar, Birte Rorup, Jiali Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Christian Tauber, Yee Jun Tham, Antonio Tome, Miguel Vazquez-Pufleau, Andrea C. Wagner, Dongyu S. Wang, Mingyi Wang, Yonghong Wang, Stefan K. Weber, Wei Nie, Yusheng Wu, Mao Xiao, Qing Ye, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Armin Hansel, Urs Baltensperger, Jerome Brioude, Joachim Curtius, Neil M. Donahue, Imad El Haddad, Richard C. Flagan, Markku Kulmala, Jasper Kirkby, Mikko Sipila, Douglas R. Worsnop, Theo Kurten, Matti Rissanen, Rainer Volkamer
Summary: Iodine is an active trace element in atmospheric chemistry that can destroy ozone and form particles. Its emissions have increased threefold since 1950 and are expected to continue rising. In laboratory experiments, iodooxy hypoiodite (IOIO) was shown to efficiently convert into iodic acid (HIO3) via reactions IOIO + O-3 -> IOIO4 and IOIO4 + H2O -> HIO3 + HOI + O-(1)(2). This laboratory-derived mechanism explains field observations of daytime HIO3 in the remote lower free troposphere and suggests a catalytic role of iodine in aerosol formation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mackenzie B. Humes, Jo E. Machesky, Sunhye Kim, Oladayo J. Oladeji, Drew R. Gentner, Neil M. Donahue, Albert A. Presto
Summary: Asphalt, commonly found in cities, can emit primary and secondary organic aerosols. The emission rate and composition depend on temperature, and emissions have been observed at both application temperatures and warm surface temperatures. Primary organic aerosols only form at application temperature, while secondary organic aerosols form under both conditions. Both types of aerosols are semi-volatile. Passive asphalt heating can also lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosols, making it a potential long-term source of summertime aerosols in urban environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jani Hakala, Neil M. Donahue
Summary: The pressure dependence of carbonyl oxide (Criegee intermediate) stabilization can be measured using chemical ionization mass spectrometry. By conducting experiments at different pressures, the pressure dependence of the stabilization can be determined.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohui Qiao, Xiaoxiao Li, Chao Yan, Nina Sarnela, Rujing Yin, Yishuo Guo, Lei Yao, Wei Nie, Dandan Huang, Zhe Wang, Federico Bianchi, Yongchun Liu, Neil M. M. Donahue, Markku Kulmala, Jingkun Jiang
Summary: This study demonstrates the usefulness of machine learning in attributing atmospheric oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) to their precursors. The model is trained and tested using chemical indicators and applied to analyze OOMs in Beijing and a boreal forest environment in Finland.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruby Marten, Mao Xiao, Birte Rorup, Mingyi Wang, Weimeng Kong, Xu-Cheng He, Dominik Stolzenburg, Joschka Pfeifer, Guillaume Marie, Dongyu S. Wang, Wiebke Scholz, Andrea Baccarini, Chuan Ping Lee, Antonio Amorim, Rima Baalbaki, David M. Bell, Barbara Bertozzi, Lucia Caudillo, Biwu Chu, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Henning Finkenzeller, Loic Gonzalez Carracedo, Manuel Granzin, Armin Hansel, Martin Heinritzi, Victoria Hofbauer, Deniz Kemppainen, Andreas Kurten, Markus Lampimaki, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Vladimir Makhmutov, Hanna E. Manninen, Bernhard Mentler, Tuukka Petaja, Maxim Philippov, Jiali Shen, Mario Simon, Yuri Stozhkov, Antonio Tome, Andrea C. Wagner, Yonghong Wang, Stefan K. Weber, Yusheng Wu, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Joachim Curtius, Markku Kulmala, Ottmar Mohler, Rainer Volkamer, Paul M. Winkler, Douglas R. Worsnop, Josef Dommen, Richard C. Flagan, Jasper Kirkby, Neil M. Donahue, Houssni Lamkaddam, Urs Baltensperger, Imad El Haddad
Summary: Intense new particle formation events are observed under high pollution conditions. The experiments conducted at CERN's CLOUD chamber show that higher concentrations of pre-existing particles can decrease the rate of new particle formation, indicating efficient scavenging of molecular clusters by larger particles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Yan, Yicheng Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Lubna Dada, Ximeng Qi, Simo Hakala, Anu-Maija Sundstrom, Yishuo Guo, Antti Lipponen, Tom Kokkonen, Jenni Kontkanen, Runlong Cai, Jing Cai, Tommy Chan, Liangduo Chen, Biwu Chu, Chenjuan Deng, Wei Du, Xiaolong Fan, Xu-Cheng He, Juha Kangasluoma, Joni Kujansuu, Mona Kurppa, Chang Li, Yiran Li, Zhuohui Lin, Yiliang Liu, Yuliang Liu, Yiqun Lu, Wei Nie, Jouni Pulliainen, Xiaohui Qiao, Yonghong Wang, Yifan Wen, Ye Wu, Gan Yang, Lei Yao, Rujing Yin, Gen Zhang, Shaojun Zhang, Feixue Zheng, Ying Zhou, Antti Arola, Johanna Tamminen, Pauli Paasonen, Yele Sun, Lin Wang, Neil M. Donahue, Yongchun Liu, Federico Bianchi, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, Douglas R. Worsnop, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Tuukka Petaja, Aijun Ding, Jingkun Jiang, Markku Kulmala
Summary: This study found that during lockdown, atmospheric new particle formation activity was mainly influenced by particle growth rates rather than traffic emissions. The clustering process was unaffected by traffic emissions, but an increase in particle growth rates enhanced new particle formation activity.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luke Habib, Neil Donahue
Summary: Gas-phase exchange between aerosols is an important mechanism of mixing particles. However, diffusion limitations can impede this exchange in highly viscous or glassy particles. This study examines the mixing state of different particle populations and suggests that diffusion limitations can be alleviated at a relative humidity threshold, which increases with decreasing ambient temperatures. Non-volatile sugar particles show little to no diffusion limitations under tested conditions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xing Chang, Bin Zhao, Haotian Zheng, Shuxia Wang, Siyi Cai, Fengqiao Guo, Ping Gui, Guanghan Huang, Di Wu, Licong Han, Jia Xing, Hanyang Man, Ruolan Hu, Chengrui Liang, Qingcheng Xu, Xionghui Qiu, Dian Ding, Kaiyun Liu, Rui Han, Allen L. Robinson, Neil M. Donahue
Summary: Organic aerosol (OA) is a significant component of aerosols that have a major impact on human health and global climate. Current models cannot accurately predict OA concentrations and source contributions. A new emission framework has been developed to address this issue and it shows that volatile chemical products, domestic combustion, and biomass open burning are the leading sources of secondary OA (SOA), which were previously underestimated.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dalrin Ampritta Amaladhasan, Claudia Heyn, Christopher R. Hoyle, Imad El Haddad, Miriam Elser, Simone M. Pieber, Jay G. Slowik, Antonio Amorim, Jonathan Duplissy, Sebastian Ehrhart, Vladimir Makhmutov, Ugo Molteni, Matti Rissanen, Yuri Stozhkov, Robert Wagner, Armin Hansel, Jasper Kirkby, Neil M. Donahue, Rainer Volkamer, Urs Baltensperger, Martin Gysel-Beer, Andreas Zuend
Summary: This study characterizes the hygroscopic growth behavior and effects of inorganic seed particles on the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) from the dark ozone-initiated oxidation of isoprene at low NOx conditions. The simulations predict different SOA concentrations based on the presence of seed particles and relative humidity levels. The measurements show an increase in SOA amounts at higher relative humidity levels compared to lower levels. The presence of an aqueous inorganic seed enhances the SOA yield regardless of the seed type.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
