Review
Pathology
Sun-Ji Park, Chuang Li, Ying Maggie Chen
Summary: Maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis is crucial for cellular function and survival, with the endoplasmic reticulum acting as the major intracellular Ca2+ store. Dysregulation of ER Ca2+ homeostasis is associated with various diseases, particularly in kidney diseases, highlighting the importance of ER Ca2+ channels, pumps, and binding proteins. Despite advancements in understanding, treatment for ER Ca2+ imbalance in kidney diseases remains elusive.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukas Kuester, Themistoklis Paraschiakos, Kader Ebru Karakurt, Udo Schumacher, Bjoern-Philipp Diercks, Sabine Windhorst
Summary: The up-regulation of ITPKA in lung cancer cells is associated with increased migration and invasion, and its actin bundling activity is the main factor controlling this effect.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Marongiu, Francesca Mingozzi, Clara Cigni, Roberta Marzi, Marco Di Gioia, Massimiliano Garre, Dario Parazzoli, Laura Sironi, Maddalena Collini, Reiko Sakaguchi, Takashi Morii, Mariacristina Crosti, Monica Moro, Stephane Schurmans, Tiziano Catelani, Rany Rotem, Miriam Colombo, Stephen Shears, Davide Prosperi, Ivan Zanoni, Francesca Granucci
Summary: Recognition of LPS by DCs involves the receptor complex CD14 and TLR4, and subsequent Ca2+ mobilization and NFAT activation require IP3R3 and ITPKB. Targeting ITPKB may offer a promising approach for anti-inflammatory therapies aimed at inhibiting specific DC functions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukas Kuester, Themistoklis Paraschiakos, Kader Ebru Karakurt, Udo Schumacher, Bjoern-Philipp Diercks, Sabine Windhorst
Summary: Expression of ITPKA is up-regulated in many tumor types and is associated with bad prognosis in lung cancer cells. It has been shown that high levels of ITPKA increase migration and invasion of lung cancer cell lines. The study demonstrates that the actin bundling activity of ITPKA controls migration and invasion under basal conditions, while the Ins(1,4,5)P-3-kinase activity slightly enhances this effect in the presence of ATP.
BIOSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Esther Riemer, Danye Qiu, Debabrata Laha, Robert K. Harmel, Philipp Gaugler, Verena Gaugler, Michael Frei, Mohammad-Reza Hajirezaei, Nargis Parvin Laha, Lukas Krusenbaum, Robin Schneider, Adolfo Saiardi, Dorothea Fiedler, Henning J. Jessen, Gabriel Schaaf, Ricardo F. H. Giehl
Summary: This study provides comprehensive insights into how inositol (pyro)phosphate metabolism is regulated by Pi and dependent on the inositol phosphate kinase ITPK1. The research demonstrates that inositol pyrophosphates are more responsive to Pi than lower inositol phosphates and can be separated in different isomers in plants. Additionally, the study identifies new regulatory inositol pyrophosphates and their synthesis with Pi-dependent changes in nutritional and energetic states.
Article
Immunology
Prarthana J. Dalal, David P. Sullivan, Evan W. Weber, David B. Sacks, Matthias Gunzer, Isabella M. Grumbach, Joan Heller Brown, William A. Muller
Summary: The research highlights the important roles of endothelial CaM and CaMKIIδ in transducing specific calcium signals required for TEM, which interferes with the delivery of the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and reduces TEM.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Randall Clark, Lawson Fuller, Jason A. Platt, Henry D. I. Abarbanel
Summary: This article introduces how to use methods from nonlinear dynamics and interpolation techniques from applied mathematics to construct discrete time dynamical rules that forecast observed neuron properties accurately, which is crucial for the development of neural network models and biological networks.
NEURAL COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Victor Nicolai Friedhoff, Benjamin Lindner, Martin Falcke
Summary: This article investigates the randomness and properties of Ca2+ signaling in cells. The researchers found that the generation of Ca2+ spikes follows certain patterns and can be described as a process from one state to another. They proposed a theoretical model to explain the differences in spike behavior between different cell types and stimulating agonists, as well as the variability observed in experiments.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Irina Bashkirtseva, Lev Ryashko
Summary: The stochastic excitability of spiking oscillatory regimes in calcium kinetics is investigated using the Li-Rinzel conceptual model. The probabilistic mechanisms of noise-induced generation of large-amplitude oscillations in parametric zones are studied numerically and analytically. The phenomenon of coherence resonance is discussed, and a parametric statistical description of interspike intervals is applied. The role of confidence ellipses and separatrices in determining sub- and supercritical regions is demonstrated.
Article
Neurosciences
Astrid Kollewe, Yvonne Schwarz, Katharina Oleinikov, Ahsan Raza, Alexander Haupt, Philipp Wartenberg, Amanda Wyatt, Ulrich Boehm, Fabien Ectors, Wolfgang Bildl, Gerd Zolles, Uwe Schulte, Dieter Bruns, Veit Flockerzi, Bernd Fakler
Summary: This study reveals the macro-molecular complex structure of TRPC channels in the mammalian brain and elucidates their subunit composition and activation mechanism.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bing Zhou, Yunchen Luo, Nana Ji, Cheng Hu, Yan Lu
Summary: Alterations in hepatic lipid metabolism may contribute to the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Zhou et al. identify orosomucoid 2 (ORM2) as a key regulator of lipid homeostasis in the liver. ORM2 activates the AMP-activated protein kinase signaling to inhibit lipogenesis. Additionally, injections of ORM2 protein improved liver steatosis and atherosclerosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roberto Ornelas-Guevara, Diana Gil, Valerie Voorsluijs, Genevieve Dupont
Summary: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) plays a key role in calcium signaling. Previous studies overestimated the diffusion coefficient of IP3 in vivo, but new computational analysis shows that the effective diffusion coefficient is close to 100 μm(2)s(-1), significantly lower than previous estimations. This moderate reduction can be explained by the buffering effect of non-fully bound inactive IP3 receptors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Umut Toprak, Cansu Dogan, Dwayne Hegedus
Summary: This review focuses on the role of two Ca2+ channel receptors in insect cells, IP3R and RyR, which share similarities in structure and function but differ in phylogenetic origins. Both receptors have great potential as target sites in pest control, with RyRs currently being targeted by commercial insecticides.
Article
Cell Biology
Ana M. Rossi, Andrew M. Riley, Genevieve Dupont, Taufiq Rahman, Barry V. L. Potter, Colin W. Taylor
Summary: Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP(3)Rs) are intracellular Ca2+ channels linking extracellular stimuli to Ca2+ signals. Research shows that quantal responses to low IP3 concentrations do not require heterogeneous Ca2+ stores, and IP(3)Rs exhibit incremental responses to IP3 stimulation. This suggests that Ca2+ signals evoked by IP3 pulses arise from rapid activation and inactivation of a small fraction of IP(3)Rs.
Review
Physiology
Kellie A. Woll, Filip Van Petegem
Summary: Ca2+-release channels are membrane proteins that control the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum. They are activated by cytosolic Ca2+ and have a common architecture, with additional modules in the cytosolic region for ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Their regulation involves the binding of proteins and small molecules, with major triggers including IP3 and membrane depolarization. Electron microscopic studies have provided valuable insights into their structure and mechanisms, including the binding of auxiliary proteins, regulation of channel opening, and disease-associated mutations.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Hyun Jung Kim, Hyeijung Yoo, Ji Yeon Kim, Soo Hyun Yang, Hyun Woo Lee, Heon-Jeong Lee, Gi Hoon Son, Hyun Kim
Summary: Through postmortem gene expression analysis, 251 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the Hb tissue of suicides compared to Hb tissues from neurotypical individuals. Subsequent bioinformatic analyses using single-cell transcriptome data from the mouse Hb revealed that a subset of endothelial cell-enriched genes and their putative upstream transcriptional regulators were significantly affected in suicides. Despite being based on a limited number of samples, the study suggests a potential association of endothelial dysfunction in the Hb with depression and suicidal behavior.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soo Hyun Yang, Esther Yang, Jaekwang Lee, Jin Yong Kim, Hyeijung Yoo, Hyung Sun Park, Jin Taek Jung, Dongmin Lee, Sungkun Chun, Yong Sang Jo, Gyeong Hee Pyeon, Jae-Yong Park, Hyun Woo Lee, Hyun Kim
Summary: Stress management is crucial for vertebrate survival. Chronic stress induces depression by activating GABAergic neurons in the lateral habenula (LHb), resulting in the inhibition of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). However, the impact of acute stress on the LHb-RMTg-VTA pathway remains elusive.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyoseon Oh, Suho Lee, Yusang Oh, Seongbin Kim, Young Seo Kim, Yeji Yang, Woochul Choi, Ye-Eun Yoo, Heejin Cho, Seungjoon Lee, Esther Yang, Wuhyun Koh, Woojin Won, Ryunhee Kim, C. Justin Lee, Hyun Kim, Hyojin Kang, Jin Young Kim, Taeyun Ku, Se-Bum Paik, Eunjoon Kim
Summary: This study reveals that the mutation of the ANK2 gene is associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Knockout of the ANK2 gene in mice leads to ASD-related behavioral abnormalities and seizure-related death. The study further demonstrates that the ANK2 gene regulates neuronal excitability by modulating the length and density of Kv7 potassium channels in the axon initial segment (AIS), and Kv7 channelopathy is implicated in ANK2-related brain dysfunctions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kyubin Seo, Subin Cho, Hyogeun Shin, Aeri Shin, Ju-Hyun Lee, June Hoan Kim, Boram Lee, Hwanseok Jang, Youngju Kim, Hyo Min Cho, Yongdoo Park, Hee Youn Kim, Taeseob Lee, Woong-Yang Park, Yong Jun Kim, Esther Yang, Dongho Geum, Hyun Kim, Il-Joo Cho, Sanghyuk Lee, Jae Ryun Ryu, Woong Sun
Summary: This study successfully generated self-organized polarized spinal cord organoids using a geometrically confined culture system of human pluripotent stem cells. The proportions of dorsal/ventral domains in the organoids can be controlled by changes in the initial size of micropatterns. Mature organoids exhibit highly synchronized neural activity separately in the dorsal and ventral side, indicating functional and structural patterning.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seunghwan Lee, Mingguang Cui, Donghun Lee, Kihoon Han, Woong Sun, Dongmin Lee
Summary: Accurate spatiotemporal control of multicellular self-organization is crucial in developmental stages, and Wnt signaling plays a major role in determining the anteroposterior axis of the embryo. Researchers developed a genetically encoded optochemogenetic Wnt switch, named optochemoWnt, which successfully modulated Wnt signaling with AND-gated patterns and improved signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The optochemoWnt switch provides a safeguard against signal leakage and expands the molecular toolbox for developmental biology and tissue engineering.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jisoo Lee, Soohyun Kim, Boram Lee, Yoo-Bin Kim, Kwang Hwan Kim, Gehoon Chung, Sung Joong Lee, Soojin Lee, Woong Sun, Hee-Kyung Park, Se-Young Choi
Summary: Salivary gland cells secrete water in response to neuronal stimulation and are closely connected to other neurons. These cells also express proteins responsible for neuronal function, but their exact role in salivary glands is largely unknown. In this study, the function of Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) in salivary gland cells was investigated. NEGR1 was found to be expressed in both mouse and human salivary glands. Knockout of Negr1 gene in mice had no impact on the structure of salivary glands, but it did affect intracellular calcium levels and salivary secretion. NEGR1 was found to influence salivary secretion through muscarinic calcium signaling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Byung Geun Ha, Yu-Jin Jang, EunSoo Lee, Byung-Gyu Kim, Kyungjae Myung, Woong Sun, Sung-Jin Jeong
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) components play a role in maintaining cellular architecture and tissue morphology. Brain tissue, with its high cell density and weak mechanical strength, poses challenges in decellularization. We successfully obtained ECM components from mouse brains using a combination of decellularization and polymerization methods, which can be useful for obtaining matrisomal data and conducting functional studies.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Poojitha Pinjala, Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena, Renuka Prasad, Dharmendra Kumar Khatri, Woong Sun, Shashi Bala Singh, Dalapathi Gugulothu, Saurabh Srivastava, Lalitkumar Vora
Summary: Since its discovery in 2012, CRISPR Cas9 has been used as a direct treatment approach for correcting gene mutations and establishing animal models in neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's disease (PD). Stem cell biology has improved over the years, and scientists have developed personalized cell therapy using CRISPR/Cas9 to edit embryonic and patient-derived stem cells. This review emphasizes the importance of CRISPR/Cas9-based stem cell therapy in PD, both for developing disease models and exploring therapeutic strategies.
BIOMATERIALS RESEARCH
(2023)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heejin Cho, Taesun Yoo, Heera Moon, Hyojin Kang, Yeji Yang, MinSoung Kang, Esther Yang, Dowoon Lee, Hyun Kim, Daehee Hwang, Doyoun Kim, Jin Young Kim, Eunjoon Kim
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Heejin Cho, Taesun Yoo, Heera Moon, Hyojin Kang, Yeji Yang, MinSoung Kang, Esther Yang, Dowoon Lee, Daehee Hwang, Hyun Kim, Doyoun Kim, Jin Young Kim, Eunjoon Kim
Summary: ADNP syndrome, characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), involves the ADNP transcription factor of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. Adnp-haploinsufficient (Adnp-HT) mice display synaptic plasticity deficits associated with cognitive inflexibility and CaMKIIa hyperactivity. These mice show impaired contextual learning and memory, social deficits, and hyperphosphorylated CaMKIIa and its substrates in the adult hippocampus, which can be normalized by CaMKIIa inhibition.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Uikyu Chae, Jiwan Woo, Yakdol Cho, Jeong- Kyu Han, Soo Hyun Yang, Esther Yang, Hyogeun Shin, Hyun Kim, Hyun- Yong Yu, C. Justin Lee, Il-Joo Cho
Summary: Real-time monitoring of neurochemicals and electrical activity in the brain is essential for investigating neural circuits. We have developed a real-time bimodal neural probe that can simultaneously measure multiple neurochemicals without cross-talk and record electrical activity. Using this probe, we have demonstrated simultaneous measurements of glucose, lactate, choline, and glutamate, as well as functional connectivity between brain regions. This device has the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of neurochemicals in neural circuits and aid in the development of drugs for brain diseases.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ju-Hyun Lee, Mohammed R. Shaker, Si-Hyung Park, Woong Sun
Summary: In vertebrates, the formation of the neural tube during neurulation is crucial for the development of the central nervous system. However, the specific molecular pathways leading to neural tube defects (NTDs) are not well understood. Through the use of human spinal cord organoids (hSCOs), it was discovered that valproic acid (VPA) can cause defects in neurulation. Further analysis revealed significant changes in cell-cell junctional genes/proteins in VPA-treated organoids, and similar gene expression abnormalities and NTD phenotypes were observed in VPA-treated mouse embryos. This study highlights the importance of hSCOs as a valuable resource for studying the molecular mechanisms of human neurulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jungryun Kim, Paramesh Jangili, Jeongah Kim, Stephani Edwina Lucia, Jae Ryun Ryu, Renuka Prasad, Soyu Zi, Pilhan Kim, Woong Sun, Jong Seung Kim
Summary: Despite the availability of many fluorescent probes targeting mitochondria, there is still a need for the development of low-cytotoxic probes to improve the accuracy of mitochondrial function assessment. In this study, a novel cyanine-based NIR fluorescent probe, T2, was developed, which selectively targets mitochondria and has significantly low toxicity by modulating the intracellular redox status. Furthermore, T2 inhibits oxidative stress-induced cell death in cortical neurons. This study provides new insights into the development of low-toxic mitochondrial imaging agents by regulating redox homeostasis.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mingguang Cui, Seunghwan Lee, Sung Hwan Ban, Jae Ryun Ryu, Meiying Shen, Soo Hyun Yang, Jin Young Kim, Seul Ki Choi, Jaemin Han, Yoonhee Kim, Kihoon Han, Donghun Lee, Woong Sun, Hyung-Bae Kwon, Dongmin Lee
Summary: Proteases, particularly potyviral protease, have been employed as molecular switches in synthetic biological circuits. LAUNCHER, a single-component switch utilizing circularly permutated tobacco etch virus protease and blue-light-gated substrate, offers superior signal-to-noise ratio and precise payload release, making it suitable for diverse cellular applications and enhanced circuit performance.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)