Article
Neurosciences
Brittney Yegla, Jake Boles, Ashok Kumar, Thomas C. Foster
Summary: The study highlights the crucial role of microglia in mediating cognitive function and synaptic transmission, with aging microglia supporting these functions. Depletion of microglia leads to impairments, but replenishment does not fully restore cognitive function and synaptic transmission in aged animals.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Volker Korz, Christopher Kremslehner, Jovana Malikovic, Ahmed Hussein, Daniel Daba Feyissa, Ionela-Mariana Nagelreiter, Roman Smidak, Roberto Plasenzotti, Florian Gruber, Gert Lubec
Summary: Cognitive processes require striatal activity, and the molecular mechanisms underlying this are largely unknown. Analysis of the striatal transcriptome in young, aged cognitively impaired, and unimpaired male rats revealed a higher number of differences between the unimpaired and young groups compared to the cognitively impaired and young groups. Pathway analysis identified cholesterol metabolism in both aged groups and cholesterol biosynthesis specifically in the unimpaired aged group. The S1P signaling pathway was highlighted as a key difference between aged cognitively impaired and unimpaired rats, suggesting its importance in cognitive processes.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Portero-Tresserra, Neus Galofre-Lopez, Elisabet Pallares, Claudia Gimenez-Montes, Carlos Barcia, Roser Granero, Divka Rojic-Becker, Anna Vale-Martinez, Margarita Marti-Nicolovius, Gemma Guillazo-Blanch
Summary: Age-related changes in the brain significantly impact hippocampal structure and function, leading to cognitive impairments such as deteriorating spatial object recognition (SOR) memory. Both intrinsic factors like neuroinflammation and lifestyle factors like diet can influence aging-related brain function and cognitive performance. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of caloric restriction (CR) on SOR memory, hippocampal neuron loss, neurogenesis, and inflammation in aged male rats. The results showed that CR attenuated the decline in SOR memory, hippocampal neuron loss, and microglial activation associated with aging, while also reducing neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jeremy Ebersole, Gregory Rose, Tore Eid, Kevin Behar, Peter Patrylo
Summary: The age-related decrease in hippocampal metabolism is correlated with cognitive decline. However, the resting state neural metabolism and GLU-GLN cycling may be preserved during aging. Enhanced astroglial metabolism observed in aged cognitively-unimpaired rats may serve as a compensatory change to maintain hippocampus-dependent cognitive function.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Weiwei Xian, Jingli Cao, Xiangshan Yuan, Guoxiang Wang, Qiuyan Jin, Hang Zhang, Guomin Zhou, Linya You
Summary: The study revealed that mild knockdown of the Brpf1 gene reduces excitatory synaptic transmission in the hippocampus and impairs spatial learning and memory ability. This helps explain the intellectual disability symptoms in patients with BRPF1 mutations.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Minjae Kwon, Sang Wan Lee, Sue-Hyun Lee
Summary: The hippocampus is involved in both integration and separation processes during associative memory formation. These processes have different temporal dynamics, with integration being prominent in the anterior hippocampus and separation being obvious in the posterior hippocampus. These findings demonstrate the dynamic hippocampal processing during learning that contributes to the maintenance of associative memory.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yukitoshi Sakaguchi, Yoshio Sakurai
Summary: The hemispheric differences in brain functions are well-known in humans, with savant syndrome showing exceptional abilities despite brain abnormalities, particularly in cases of left hemispheric dysfunction. Similar left-right differences have been reported in rodent brains, suggesting that unilateral damage may lead to savant-like enhancements. The study found that right hippocampal damage in rats may result in savant-like enhancement in learning and memory abilities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Gori, Claudio Campus, Sabrina Signorini, Eleonora Rivara, Andrew J. Bremner
Summary: This study investigated multisensory spatial perception in congenitally blind infants, revealing significant differences in responses to tactile and auditory stimuli compared to sighted infants. It suggests a distinct phenotype of multisensory spatial perception in visually impaired infants during early postnatal development.
Article
Neurosciences
Ming-Yen Hsieh, Li-Heng Tuan, Ho-Ching Chang, Yu-Chun Wang, Chia-Hsiang Chen, Horng-Tzer Shy, Li-Jen Lee, Susan Shur-Fen Gau
Summary: By studying Dlgap2 KO mice, it was found that hippocampal function is impaired and spatial memory is affected in the absence of DLGAP2. Aberrant expressions of postsynaptic proteins and changes in synaptic density and postsynaptic density were also observed. These structural changes might be linked to impaired hippocampus-related cognitive functions.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Hector De La Luz Torres, Paola Rojas Perez, Adriana Berenice Silva Gomez
Summary: Olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) is an experimental strategy widely used to study depression. This study investigated the effect of neonatal OBX on learning and memory, as well as dendritic spine density in the dorsal hippocampus, in male and female rats. Results showed that male rats with OBX exhibited more pronounced spatial learning deficit, while female rats showed a significant decrease in basilar dendritic spine density. These findings suggest sexual dimorphism in the effect of OBX on the dorsal hippocampus and its relation to spatial learning and memory processes.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Nils Nyberg, Eleonore Duvelle, Caswell Barry, Hugo J. Spiers
Summary: This article discusses the neural cells related to goal localization in the mammalian brain, including different groups of neurons that play a role in different navigation stages, and their influence on navigation behavior.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chunping Hu, Susu Wang, Deqing Wu, Chonghuai Yan, Meiqin Wu
Summary: This study investigates the impact of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) during pregnancy on the spatial learning and memory ability of offspring, and finds that SCH inhibits the learning and memory ability of offspring, which may be related to the decreased expression of thyroid hormone receptor alpha (TRα).
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harumi Hotta, Kaori Iimura, Nobuhiro Watanabe, Harue Suzuki, Masamitsu Sugie, Kazuhiro Shigemoto
Summary: It has been shown that reflex excitation of muscle sympathetic nerves contributes to the maintenance of muscle force in rats. However, this feedback mechanism declines during aging. In this study, the contribution of sympathetic nerves to muscle contractility was examined in young and aged rats, revealing a decrease in sympathetic support and an increase in muscle tonus in aged rats.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Brad A. Radvansky, Jun Young Oh, Jason R. Climer, Daniel A. Dombeck
Summary: This study shows that the hippocampus in mice does not map space as a single coherent physical variable, but rather as a combination of sensory and abstract reference frames determined by the subject's behavioral goal. Different behavioral tasks lead to global remapping in the hippocampus, adapting to different spatial information modalities.
Article
Neurosciences
Nada El Mahmoudi, Celia Laurent, David Pericat, Isabelle Watabe, Agnes Lapotre, Pierre-Yves Jacob, Alain Tonetto, Brahim Tighilet, Francesca Sargolini
Summary: Unilateral vestibular loss (UVL) leads to a characteristic vestibular syndrome with multiple symptoms. Recovery during vestibular compensation is supported by plasticity mechanisms. The expression of cognitive deficits, especially spatial memory deficits, after UVL is still debated. This study investigated spatial memory deficits and their recovery in a rat model of unilateral vestibular neurectomy (UVN) and analyzed markers of hippocampal plasticity. The results show that UVN affects all domains of spatial memory and is associated with impaired plasticity in the hippocampus.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Brad A. Acker, E. Jon Jacobsen, Bruce N. Rogers, Donn G. Wishka, Steven C. Reitz, David W. Piotrowski, Jason K. Myers, Mark L. Wolfe, Vincent E. Groppi, Bruce A. Thornburgh, Paula M. Tinholt, Rodney R. Walters, Barbara A. Olson, Laura Fitzgerald, Brian A. Staton, Thomas J. Raub, Michael Krause, Kai S. Li, William E. Hoffmann, Mihaly Hajos, Raymond S. Hurst, Daniel P. Walker
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2008)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Arvinder K. Dhalla, Ming Yang, Yun Ning, Kristopher M. Kahlig, Michael Krause, Sridharan Rajamani, Luiz Belardinelli
Article
Neurosciences
Ruth D. T. Taylor, Marita Gronning Madsen, Michael Krause, Marisol Sampedro-Castaneda, Martin Stocker, Paola Pedarzani
Article
Neurosciences
Zhiyong Yang, Michael Krause, Geeta Rao, Bruce L. McNaughton, C. A. Barnes
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2008)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Krause, P. Walter German, Sharif A. Taha, Howard L. Fields
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2010)
Article
Neurosciences
A Terrazas, M Krause, P Lipa, KM Gothard, CA Barnes, BL McNaughton
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2005)
Article
Neurosciences
M Krause, YS Jia
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
M Hajós, RS Hurst, WE Hoffmann, M Krause, TM Wall, NR Higdon, VE Groppi
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2005)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
YS Jia, M Krause, MG Ross
JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION
(2004)
Article
Neurosciences
M Krause, WE Hoffmann, M Hajós
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2003)
Article
Neurosciences
M Krause, S Offermanns, M Stocker, P Pedarzani
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2002)
Article
Neurosciences
M Krause, P Pedarzani