Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xia Zhao, Li Xiong, Lingyu She, Liwei Li, Ping Huang, Guang Liang
Summary: Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are closely related to the accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated proteins.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Andrew Getahun
Summary: This review article focuses on the B cell-intrinsic mechanisms that prevent the activation of autoreactive B cells in the periphery. It discusses the establishment of inhibitory signaling circuits, specifically the Lyn-SHIP-1-SHP-1 axis, and how disruptions of these circuits can contribute to the development of autoimmunity.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Li-Chiu Yang, Yu-Chao Chang, Chen-Yu Chiang, Fu-Mei Huang, Ni-Yu Su, Yu-Hsiang Kuan
Summary: The study showed that wogonin, a natural dihydroxyl flavonoid compound, can inhibit the proinflammatory responses induced by BisGMA in macrophages. It achieves this by regulating the NF-κB pathway and its upstream factor, MAPK.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nilofer Qureshi, Julia Desousa, Adeela Z. Siddiqui, David C. Morrison, Asaf A. Qureshi
Summary: Inflammation is associated with several diseases and can be influenced by proteasome modulators such as resveratrol and lectins. These modulators have the ability to alter gene expression involved in inflammation-induced signaling pathways in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The findings suggest that inflammation-based diseases may be prevented or reversed through dietary interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ali Asli, Sabreen Higazy-Mreih, Meirav Avital-Shacham, Mickey Kosloff
Summary: The study compared RGS domains across the family and identified key interactions between RGS residues and G alpha switch regions. Modulatory and disruptor residues selectively modulated RGS activity.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Chih-Chun Lee, Chia-Hsuan Tsai, Chih-Hao Chen, Yuan-Chieh Yeh, Wen-Hung Chung, Chun-Bing Chen
Summary: Keloid is a unique type of disfiguring pathological scarring in human skin that is characterized by excessive collagen deposition. Immune cell infiltration is a common feature of normal and pathological tissue repair, but the immunopathological mechanisms of keloid remain unclear. Recent studies have highlighted the crucial role of innate and adaptive immunity in regulating the abnormal behavior of keloid fibroblasts. Novel therapeutics targeting immune pathways have shown varying efficacy in restoring regulation of the immune microenvironment in keloid.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lele Li, Changxia Du, Lu Wang, Mengxia Lai, Huaifu Fan
Summary: This study found that melatonin (MT) can significantly inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans (Psl) and effectively reduce the severity of cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot (BALS). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that MT can regulate plant growth, induce plant immunity, and closely related to plant-pathogen interactions. Physiological analysis also showed that MT can improve plant antioxidant and defense systems.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Katalin Bartos, Suresh Krishna Ramakrishnan, Sophie Braga-Lagache, Barbara Hanzi, Fanny Durussel, Arjun Prakash Sridharan, Yao Zhu, David Sheehan, Nancy E. Hynes, Olivier Bonny, Matthias B. Moor
Summary: Deletion of Memo1 in mice leads to premature aging and unbalanced metabolism, resembling the phenotypes of Fgf23 and Klotho loss-of-function animals. This study reveals the role of Memo's redox function in renal FGF23-Klotho signaling, providing new insights into the regulation of renal FGF23 signal transduction and the connection between Memo and the network of small Rho-GTPases.
JOURNAL OF CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Biology
Alexander S. Hauser, Charlotte Avet, Claire Normand, Arturo Mancini, Asuka Inoue, Michel Bouvier, David E. Gloriam
Summary: Two-thirds of human hormones and one-third of clinical drugs act on membrane receptors coupled to G proteins, but there are differences in the reported G protein couplings among recent large-scale datasets. This study presents a common coupling map that uncovers novel couplings, GPCR-G protein selectivity, and the comparison of co-coupling and co-expression of G proteins with phylogenetic relationships. These findings will advance receptor research and cellular signaling, and contribute to the development of safer drugs.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Malathi Bheri, Swati Mahiwal, Sibaji K. Sanyal, Girdhar K. Pandey
Summary: Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are important reversible post-translational modifications, with protein phosphatases playing a key role in signaling networks. The classification and mechanism of phosphatases in plant systems still require further investigation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guoying Zhao, Qian Cheng, Yuting Zhao, Feifei Wu, Bangbang Mu, Jiping Gao, Liu Yang, Jingli Yan, Hanfeng Zhang, Xing Cui, Qinqin Chen, Fangxiao Lu, Qianqian Ao, Asma Amdouni, Yuan-Qing Jiang, Bo Yang
Summary: This study identifies ABA-responsive element binding factors (ABFs) as upstream transcription factors of MAPKKK18 expression, which is involved in abiotic stress priming, drought tolerance, and leaf senescence. ABF2, ABF3, and ABF4 bind to ABA-responsive elements in the promoter of MAPKKK18 and activate its expression. Mutants of mapkkk18 exhibit delayed leaf senescence, while over-expression of ABF2, ABF3, and ABF4 in the background of mapkkk18 phenocopies the stay-green phenotype and reduces the expression of ABF target genes. These findings demonstrate that ABF2, ABF3, and ABF4 act as transcriptional regulators of MAPKKK18 and suggest a role of ABA in priming leaf senescence through ABF-induced expression of MAPKKK18.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jun Takeuchi, Kosuke Fukui, Yoshiya Seto, Yousuke Takaoka, Masanori Okamoto
Summary: Small-molecule plant hormones play a crucial role in controlling plant growth, development, differentiation, and environmental responses. Through genomic decoding of model plants with genetic mutants, scientists have elucidated the molecular mechanisms of nine types of plant hormones and identified the structure of hormone receptors. Studies on the three-dimensional structure of ligand-receptor complexes have revealed the details of ligand perception mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tanja M. Grimm, Marleen Herbinger, Lena Krueger, Silke Mueller, Thomas U. Mayer, Christof R. Hauck
Summary: Phosphatase PPM1F regulates cell adhesion and its elevated expression in tumors is associated with invasiveness and poor prognosis. This study identifies the reversible non-competitive PPM1F inhibitor Lockdown, which selectively targets PPM1F and suppresses tumor cell invasion.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Ji Hyun Jeon, Changhee Lee
Summary: The JNK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways play important roles in viral biosynthesis and immune responses, thereby favoring the replication of PDCoV.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dia A. Ghose, Kaitlyn E. Przydzial, Emily M. Mahoney, Amy E. Keating, Michael T. Laub
Summary: The evolution of novel functions in biology relies on gene duplication and divergence, creating large paralogous protein families. However, the specificity of these paralogs to their interaction partners can be sensitive to mutation. Through deep mutational scanning, it was demonstrated that a family of bacterial signaling proteins exhibits marginal specificity, with individual substitutions leading to substantial cross-talk between pathways. These findings suggest that the evolution of bacterial signaling proteins is constrained by sequence space crowding, and that evolution selects for good enough rather than optimized phenotypes in paralogs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)