Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhongshun Liu, Congwei Jiang, Zhangmengxue Lei, Sihan Dong, Linlin Kuang, Chenxu Huang, Ying Gao, Mu Liu, Hui Xiao, Patrick Legembre, Jae U. Jung, Huaping Liang, Xiaozhen Liang
Summary: Type I interferons (IFNs) are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. This study identified a previously unknown protein, PINLYP, that interacts with TBK1 to induce the production of type I IFN. Loss of PINLYP impaired the activation of IRF3 and the production of IFN induced by various viruses and Toll-like receptor ligands. Mice lacking PINLYP were more susceptible to lethal virus infection, highlighting the importance of PINLYP in the host defense against viral infections.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Respiratory System
Jeremy Anderson, Lien Anh Ha Do, Danielle Wurzel, Zheng Quan Toh, Kim Mulholland, Daniel G. Pellicci, Paul Licciardi
Summary: RSV is the most common viral pathogen causing acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children. Premature birth is a common risk factor for severe RSV disease due to an immature innate immune system, leading to increased susceptibility to RSV. Understanding differences in innate immunity between preterm and term infants is crucial for developing interventions to reduce disease burden in this vulnerable population.
Article
Immunology
Maximilian Kordes, Louise Ormond, Sebastian Rausch, Kai Matuschewski, Julius Clemence R. Hafalla
Summary: Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) plays a crucial role in first-line pathogen defense. TLRs are likely triggered by parasite-derived components during in vivo Plasmodium infection. Research on the potential effects of enhanced TLR-signalling on Plasmodium infection discovered that stimulation with a TLR9 agonist can induce killing of pre-erythrocytic stages in the liver.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Edna Ayerim Mandujano-Tinoco, Eliya Sultan, Aner Ottolenghi, Orly Gershoni-Yahalom, Benyamin Rosental
Summary: The evolution of the immune system is aimed at protecting organisms from infections and providing regenerative capacities and tissue maintenance. Despite the diverse range of effector cells, common features and interesting convergent mechanisms can be observed across different animals. The review explores the evolution of phagocytic and cytotoxic immune lineages, highlighting the diverse function plasticity within evolved immune effector cells.
Article
Oncology
Paula Martinez Sanz, Dieke J. van Rees, Lieke M. J. van Zogchel, Bart Klein, Panagiota Bouti, Hugo Olsman, Karin Schornagel, Ivana Kok, Ali Sunak, Kira Leeuwenburg, Ilse Timmerman, Miranda P. Dierselhuis, Waleed M. Kholosy, Jan J. Molenaar, Robin van Bruggen, Timo K. van den Berg, Taco W. Kuijpers, Hanke L. Matlung, Godelieve A. M. Tytgat, Katka Franke
Summary: The study shows that G-CSF is as effective as GM-CSF in enhancing the killing ability of neutrophils against neuroblastoma cells. Both in vitro and in vivo stimulated neutrophils by GM-CSF or G-CSF showed increased killing capacity. Expanding the use of G-CSF in clinical setting for high-risk neuroblastoma treatment with dinutuximab is supported by the preclinical data.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Marc Pfefferle, Irina L. Dubach, Raphael M. Buzzi, Elena Duerst, Nadja Schulthess-Lutz, Livio Baselgia, Kerstin Hansen, Larissa Imhof, Sandra Koernig, Didier Le Roy, Thierry Roger, Rok Humar, Dominik J. Schaer, Florence Vallelian
Summary: The study revealed that CD40 signaling in Clec4f(+) Kupffer cells triggers anti-CD40 antibody-induced liver toxicity. However, controlled erythrophagocytosis and the linked anti-inflammatory signaling by the endogenous metabolite heme can be exploited to reprogram liver macrophages and prevent necroinflammatory liver disease caused by high-dose administration of anti-CD40 antibodies.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ines A. Ferreira, Diogo Peixoto, Ana Paula Losada, Maria Isabel Quiroga, Ana do Vale, Benjamin Costas
Summary: This study aimed to understand the early innate immune response of European sea bass to T. maritimum infection. The results showed that T. maritimum induced a local immune response in the skin, gills, and posterior-intestine of the fish. This may be due to the bacteria's ability to adhere, colonize, and damage these organs. The infected fish also exhibited systemic responses, including increased neutrophils, signs of anemia, and decreased bactericidal and lysozyme activities in the plasma.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Klara Kubelkova, Vanda Bostik, Lokesh Joshi, Ales Macela
Summary: The cellular and humoral mechanisms of natural immunity play a crucial role in the defense processes of an organism by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns and damage-associated molecular patterns. Recognition of these patterns activates the innate immune defense mechanisms, but if not regulated properly, can lead to damaging inflammation. This review highlights the integration of innate immune recognition, cell-autonomous stress response, infection, and tumorigenesis.
Article
Immunology
Jana-Julia Siegler, Margareta P. Correia, Tomas Hofman, Isabel Prager, Emrullah Birgin, Nuh N. Rahbari, Carsten Watzl, Ana Stojanovic, Adelheid Cerwenka
Summary: ILC3s are cytokine-producing lymphocytes that directly respond to tumor cells, leading to enhanced IFN-gamma release and TRAIL-dependent cytotoxicity against cancer cells. This suggests that ILC3s may play a role in anti-tumor immunity and could be further utilized for cancer therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Umut Can Kucuksezer, Esin Aktas Cetin, Fehim Esen, Ilhan Tahrali, Nilgun Akdeniz, Metin Yusuf Gelmez, Gunnur Deniz
Summary: NK cells are a subset of innate lymphoid cells that play important roles in anti-tumor immune responses and immune regulation, with different subgroups showing cytotoxic functions or cytokine production. Their activation is influenced by a variety of factors, including cell surface receptors and cytokines, and their dysregulation can contribute to various immune-mediated diseases. Further research on NK cell biology and their potential therapeutic applications is necessary for better understanding and treatment of inflammatory disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Wei Wu, Yang Qu, Shengqing Yu, Sa Wang, Yuncong Yin, Qinfang Liu, Chunchun Meng, Ying Liao, Zaib Ur Rehman, Lei Tan, Cuiping Song, Xusheng Qiu, Weiwei Liu, Chan Ding, Yingjie Sun
Summary: DDX21 is identified as a key regulator of immune balance, with virus infection and RNA/DNA ligands leading to its cleavage and suppression of the interferon beta signaling pathway. Modulating DDX21 cleavage may impact the innate immune response to viruses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bailee N. Kain, Brandon T. Tran, Pamela N. Luna, Ruoqiong Cao, Duy T. Le, Marcus A. Florez, Laure Maneix, Jack D. Toups, Daniel E. Morales-Mantilla, Scott Koh, Hyojeong Han, Roman Jaksik, Yun Huang, Andre Catic, Chad A. Shaw, Katherine Y. King
Summary: Recent studies have found that infection can reprogram hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) to enhance innate immune responses, a phenomenon known as trained immunity. In this study using mice, it was discovered that HSPCs activate interferon gamma-response genes heterogeneously upon primary infection, and rare cell populations expand. Macrophages derived from trained HSPCs demonstrated enhanced bacterial killing and metabolism, and a single dose of recombinant interferon gamma exposure was enough to induce similar training. Furthermore, transplantation of influenza-trained HSPCs in mice resulted in enhanced immunity against M. avium, demonstrating cross-protection against different pathogens. These findings suggest that HSPCs can produce long-term bone marrow derived macrophages with enhanced function and provide cross-protection against alternative pathogens.
Review
Microbiology
Noah Sciambra, Stanislava Chtarbanova
Summary: This review outlines the known cellular pathways and mechanisms involved in Drosophila age-dependent immunity to pathogenic microorganisms. Factors such as host signaling pathways, sexual dimorphism, environmental stress, and cellular physiology impact age-dependent immunity in Drosophila. Understanding potential tradeoffs between heightened immune function and longevity in the absence of infection is crucial for future studies.
Review
Cell Biology
Michelle L. Bland
Summary: In Drosophila melanogaster, the Toll and Imd signaling pathways are activated to combat pathogenic microbes and induce metabolic changes in the host. These immune-mediated metabolic phenotypes can either confer resistance or susceptibility to infection, and are influenced by variables such as sex, diet, and pathogen characteristics. Understanding the mechanisms by which the immune system regulates metabolism is a key focus for future research.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Elsa Anes, David Pires, Manoj Mandal, Jose Miguel Azevedo-Pereira
Summary: This review highlights the spatial localization of cathepsins and their implications in immune activation and resolution pathways during infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)