Review
Immunology
Weihang Luo, Jindong Hu, Weifang Xu, Jingcheng Dong
Summary: The immune response in the asthmatic respiratory tract is driven by CD4(+) T helper cells, especially Th2 cells. Asthma is a heterogeneous and progressive disease, with different stages of the disease course showing different immune responses. The complex immune networks in the inflammatory airway make it challenging to find a universal treatment for all asthmatics.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jiali Li, Zihang Zeng, Qiuji Wu, Jiarui Chen, Xingyu Liu, Jianguo Zhang, Yuan Luo, Wenjie Sun, Zhengrong Huang, Junhong Zhang, Yan Gong, Conghua Xie
Summary: The review summarizes the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cells in the tumorigenic microenvironment and the impact of IR on Th1/Th2 polarization, discussing the role in post-radiotherapy complications and highlighting that high-dose IR promotes a shift towards Th2, leading to an immunosuppressive cytokine network.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Philipp Burt, Michael Peine, Caroline Peine, Zuzanna Borek, Sebastian Serve, Michael Flossdorf, Ahmed N. Hegazy, Thomas Hoefer, Max Loehning, Kevin Thurley
Summary: Selective differentiation of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells into specialized subsets is crucial for appropriate immune responses. While canonical Th-cell lineages are well understood, the transcriptional architecture of hybrid phenotypes remains unclear. This study explored the transcriptome of Th-cell differentiation, revealing an early bifurcation point in gene expression programs. Hybrid Th1/2 cells showed mixed effects from Th1 and Th2 cells for a minority of genes, while others followed a Th1 and Th2 cell-independent transcriptional program. These findings emphasize the importance of longitudinal data for characterizing cellular phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jin Yuan, Xiaoqian Xu, Zhongliang Wang, Ping Tong, Xuanyi Meng, Yong Wu, Xin Li, Jinyan Gao, Hongbing Chen
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the differentiations of naive Th cells stimulated with different doses of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB). The results showed that the balance of Th1/Th2 could be dominated by the doses of SEB stimulation, with a higher dose inducing more Th1 cells and a lower Th2/Th1 ratio. This finding complements the existing knowledge about SEB as a superantigen and has implications for managing S. aureus colonization and SEB contamination in food.
Article
Immunology
Siran Tan, Zhi Zheng, Tianqi Liu, Xiaoyun Yao, Miao Yu, Yubin Ji
Summary: This study investigated the role of selenoproteins in Sch B-induced autophagy and Th1/Th2 imbalance in Hepa1-6 cells. The results showed that Sch B inhibited cell proliferation and induced autophagy in Hepa1-6 cells. Sch B treatment also led to the accumulation of ROS and Th1/Th2 immune imbalance. The majority of selenoproteins were found to be involved in these processes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yumei Zhou, Linhan Hu, Honglei Zhang, Haiyun Zhang, Juntong Liu, Xiaoshan Zhao, Ji Wang, Qi Wang
Summary: The study found that GMK achieves a similar effect as dexamethasone in controlling symptoms of allergic asthma and inhibiting inflammation, reconstructs the immune balance of Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 cells, and impacts asthma treatment by altering gut microbiota. Metabolome results reveal specific substances associated with Th1/Th2 and Treg/Th17 cell balance.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou, Hannah Sloane, Andrea T. Nguyen, Stephanie Gras, Emma J. Grant
Summary: CD4(+) T cells are crucial in controlling and clearing infections as a major arm of cellular immune response. They are heterogeneous and can be divided into six main lineages with distinct profiles. Recent advances in structural biology have allowed for a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving CD4(+) T cell recognition of pathogens.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Wenjing Gu, Suyu Guo, Jiahui Zhang, Xinxing Zhang, Zhichao Sun, Zhengrong Chen, Li Huang
Summary: Asthma is an inflammatory disease in which Th2 differentiation and dendritic cells (DCs) play important roles. Highly expressed March1 can promote Th2 differentiation induced by DCs through facilitating OX40L expression and contribute to the development of asthma. These findings might provide new insights into the treatment of asthma.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yi Zhang, Chenglin Niu
Summary: The study suggests that CDC42 may be associated with the progression and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease, and has the potential to serve as a biomarker for estimating AD risk and progression.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Longdan Kang, Si Wang, Dalu Wang, Jia Wang, Rui Zheng, Xiaofeng Jiang, Beixing Liu
Summary: During respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, pulmonary ILC2 cells may function as antigen-presenting cells to induce the activation of CD4+ T cells through the MHC II pathway.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liping Qin, Yu Song, Fan Zhang, Ru Wang, Li Zhou, Shiqi Jin, Chaojia Chen, Chunyang Li, Molin Wang, Baichun Jiang, Gongping Sun, Chunhong Ma, Yaoqin Gong, Peishan Li
Summary: CUL4B plays a critical role in Th cell differentiation through regulating histone modifications.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nicholas P. Tippery, Donald H. Les, Klaus J. Appenroth, K. Sowjanya Sree, Daniel J. Crawford, Manuela Bog
Summary: The classification of duckweeds as a subfamily of the expanded family Araceae rather than a separate family has sparked debates in the field of botanical taxonomy. The proposal to restore the subfamily Orontioideae to family status as Orontiaceae aims to maintain stability and utility in plant classification.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chelsea L. Edwards, Susanna S. Ng, Fabian de Labastida Rivera, Dillon Corvino, Jessica A. Engel, Marcela Montes de Oca, Luzia Bukali, Teija C. M. Frame, Patrick T. Bunn, Shashi Bhushan Chauhan, Siddharth Sankar Singh, Yulin Wang, Jinrui Na, Fiona H. Amante, Jessica R. Loughland, Megan S. F. Soon, Nicola Waddell, Pamela Mukhopadhay, Lambros T. Koufariotis, Rebecca L. Johnston, Jason S. Lee, Rachel Kuns, Ping Zhang, Michelle J. Boyle, Geoffrey R. Hill, James S. McCarthy, Rajiv Kumar, Christian R. Engwerda
Summary: Control of malaria requires Th1 cells with IL-10 to mitigate inflammation, but IL-10+Tr1 cells can also promote parasite persistence or impair immunity. Molecular and phenotypic signatures distinguish IL-10-Th1 cells from IL-10+Tr1 cells in malaria-infected individuals and mice, and a conserved Tr1 cell signature is found in patients with malaria, dengue, and graft-versus-host disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yuan Li, Marielle A. Deguzman, John E. Heise, Gregory P. Holland
Summary: This study provides insights into the structure and surface chemistry of nanoscale HAP. The results reveal the strong dependence of surface hydroxyl environments on the morphologically exposed lattice planes, with c-lattice plane-dominated nanosheets showing higher abundance of surface hydroxyl defect sites.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiao-Di Chen, Jing Xie, Yong Wei, Ji-Feng Yu, Ye Cao, Lu Xiao, Xue-Jing Wu, Cong-Jian Mao, Run-Min Kang, Yong-Gang Ye
Summary: Despite long-term control efforts, hepatic coccidiosis caused by Eimeria stiedai infection remains persistent in rabbits in China. This study provides the first evidence of changes in Th1/Th2/Treg/Th17/Th9/Th21 cells in rabbits infected with E. stiedai, offering insights into immune regulation mechanisms and potential vaccine development.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agnel Sfeir, Gord Fishell, Alexander F. Schier, Michael L. Dustin, Wen-Biao Gan, Alexandra Joyner, Ruth Lehmann, David Ron, David Roth, William S. Talbot, Deborah Yelon, Arturo Zychlinsky
Summary: Support for basic science has been overshadowed by initiatives focusing on specific medical issues, such as the recent dismantling of the Skirball Institute at NYU School of Medicine. This article reflects on the accomplishments and mission of Skirball, highlighting the benefits of maintaining a vision for basic science within academia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentina Gifford, Anna Woskowicz, Noriko Ito, Stefan Balint, B. Christopher Lagerholm, Michael L. Dustin, Yoshifumi Itoh
Summary: MT1-MMP plays a crucial role in promoting cancer cell invasion. In this study, three kinesin superfamily motor proteins (KIFs), KIF3A, KIF13A, and KIF9, were identified to be involved in the transport of MT1-MMP-containing vesicles. Knockdown of KIF3A and KIF13A inhibited MT1-MMP-dependent collagen degradation and invasion, while knockdown of KIF9 increased collagen degradation and invasion. Live-cell imaging analyses revealed the coordinated transport of MT1-MMP-containing vesicles by KIF3A and KIF13A from the trans-Golgi to endosomes, and the transport of vesicles from endosomes to the plasma membrane by KIF13A alone. This study uncovers a unique interplay between three KIFs in regulating the leading edge localization of MT1-MMP and MT1-MMP-dependent cancer cell invasion.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Arbel Artzy-Schnirman, Enas Abu-Shah, Rona Chandrawati, Efrat Altman, Norkhairin Yusuf, Shih-Ting Wang, Jose Ramos, Catherine S. Hansel, Maya Haus-Cohen, Rony Dahan, Sefina Arif, Michael L. Dustin, Mark Peakman, Yoram Reiter, Molly M. Stevens
Summary: The study develops a unique artificial antigen-presenting cell system that can detect and target autoreactive T-cell populations, providing a promising tool for preventing autoimmune diseases.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Santosha Vardhana, Michael L. L. Dustin
Summary: This article discusses the role of spinach in enhancing strength and defending against bullies, and the importance of dietary magnesium ion deficiency affecting the activity of the key molecule LFA-1, which hinders the ability of CD8(+) T cells to combat various bullies.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Olive Jung, Alec Thomas, Scott R. Burks, Michael L. Dustin, Joseph A. Frank, Marc Ferrer, Eleanor Stride
Summary: This review examines the evidence for inflammation associated with ultrasound-induced disrupted blood-brain barrier and discusses potential strategies to manage these inflammatory effects for improved therapeutic ultrasound efficacy and safety in neurological applications.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Fang Chang, Claudia Schirra, Momchil Ninov, Ulrike Hahn, Keerthana Ravichandran, Elmar Krause, Ute Becherer, Stefan Balint, Maria Harkiolaki, Henning Urlaub, Salvatore Valitutti, Cosima T. Baldari, Michael L. Dustin, Reinhard Jahn, Jens Rettig
Summary: In this study, we used a new method to isolate and observe the fusion of cytotoxic granules in CTLs. We found two classes of fusion-competent granules that release different types of cytotoxic proteins during fusion. These findings reveal the mechanism by which CTLs kill target cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhixin Jing, Mark J. McCarron, Michael L. Dustin, David R. Fooksman
Summary: This study reveals that the density of cognate peptide-MHCII (pMHCII) plays a quantitative role in instructing selection and cell fate decisions. By using differential delivery of OVA peptides to GC B cells based on DEC205 allelic copy number, the study shows that an increase in antigen uptake leads to proportional TFH cell help and B cell expansion. The results are further validated by the establishment of a caged OVA peptide. Differential CD40 signaling is found to be both necessary and sufficient for mediating differences in B cell expansion. The study also distinguishes the roles of TFH cells in expansion versus differentiation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo F. Cespedes, Michael L. Dustin
Summary: This paper presents a protocol for using Bead-Supported Lipid Bilayers (BSLBs) as antigen-presenting cell (APC) mimetics to capture and analyze trans-synaptic particles. The protocol also includes absolute measurements of protein densities on cell surfaces, reconstitution of BSLBs with physiological levels, and a flow cytometry procedure for tracking synaptic particle release by T cells. The protocol can be adapted to study the effects of various factors on T cell effector output.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pablo F. Cespedes, Ashwin Jainarayanan, Lola Fernandez-Messina, Salvatore Valvo, David G. Saliba, Elke Kurz, Audun Kvalvaag, Lina Chen, Charity Ganskow, Huw Colin-York, Marco Fritzsche, Yanchun Peng, Tao Dong, Errin Johnson, Jesus A. Siller-Farfan, Omer Dushek, Erdinc Sezgin, Ben Peacock, Alice Law, Dimitri Aubert, Simon Engledow, Moustafa Attar, Svenja Hester, Roman Fischer, Francisco Sanchez-Madrid, Michael L. Dustin
Summary: The authors use bead-supported lipid bilayers as synthetic APCs to show that trans-synaptic vesicles produced by T cells in the immunological synapse carry specialized cargos distinct from constitutive extracellular vesicles to serve as intercellular messengers.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Yoshinobu Koguchi, William L. Redmond
Summary: While immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment, the majority of patients do not benefit from it. Various efforts have been made to interrogate the immune system using different biospecimens, technologies, and disciplines, but consistent biomarkers of response have remained elusive. Pharmacokinetics studies, however, provide critical information and may reveal useful biomarkers.
IMMUNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Alessio Lanna, Bruno Vaz, Clara D'Ambra, Salvatore Valvo, Claudia Vuotto, Valerio Chiurchiu, Oliver Devine, Massimo Sanchez, Giovanna Borsellino, Arne N. Akbar, Marco De Bardi, Derek W. Gilroy, Michael L. Dustin, Brendan Blumer, Michael Karin
Summary: It was discovered that some T cells can elongate telomeres by acquiring telomere vesicles from antigen-presenting cells, independently of telomerase action, which contributes to delaying the aging process.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Audun Kvalvaag, Salvatore Valvo, Pablo F. Cespedes, David G. Saliba, Elke Kurz, Kseniya Korobchevskaya, Michael L. Dustin
Summary: Ligation of TCR to pMHC induces TCR ubiquitination and either internalization by T cell or release in extracellular vesicles. Clathrin-mediated ectocytosis facilitates the release of TCR, while clathrin-mediated trans-endocytosis enables the uptake of pMHC-TCR conjugates from the APC.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yavuz F. Yazicioglu, Eros Marin, Ciaran Sandhu, Silvia Galiani, Iwan G. A. Raza, Mohammad Ali, Barbara Kronsteiner, Ewoud B. Compeer, Moustafa Attar, Susanna J. Dunachie, Michael L. Dustin, Alexander J. Clarke
Summary: Clarke and colleagues discovered that germinal center B cells have dynamic mitochondria regulated by the transcription factor TFAM. TFAM helps the B cells enter the germinal center reaction by modulating cellular motility. Understanding this mechanism is important as germinal center B cells undergo rapid proliferation in a hypoxic microenvironment.
Article
Oncology
David B. Page, Joanna Pucilowska, Brie Chun, Isaac Kim, Katherine Sanchez, Nicole Moxon, Staci Mellinger, Yaping Wu, Yoshinobu Koguchi, Valerie Conrad, William L. Redmond, Maritza Martel, Zhaoyu Sun, Mary B. Campbell, Alison Conlin, Anupama Acheson, Reva Basho, Philomena McAndrew, Mary El-Masry, Dorothy Park, Laura Bennetts, Robert S. Seitz, Tyler J. Nielsen, Kimberly McGregor, Venkatesh Rajamanickam, Brady Bernard, Walter J. Urba, Heather L. McArthur
Summary: Chemoimmunotherapy with anti-PD-1/L1 and cytotoxic chemotherapy is a promising treatment for triple-negative breast cancer, but further research is needed to determine the optimal chemotherapy regimen and biomarkers for patient selection. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab in combination with paclitaxel or capecitabine, and found that both regimens were safe and clinically active.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashwin Jainarayanan, Nithishwer Mouroug-Anand, Edward H. Arbe-Barnes, Adam J. Bush, Rachael Bashford-Rogers, Adam Frampton, Lara Heij, Mark Middleton, Michael L. Dustin, Enas Abu-Shah, Shivan Sivakumar
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer type with a low 5-year survival rate of less than 8% due to its complex biology. Understanding the functional dynamics of T cells in the PDAC microenvironment is crucial for developing alternative therapeutic strategies, as PDAC is resistant to immunotherapy.
