Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
America Vera-Montecinos, Jordi Galiano-Landeira, Monica Roldan, Francisco Vidal-Domenech, Enrique Claro, Belen Ramos
Summary: METTL7A is mainly located in the endoplasmic reticulum and lipid droplets, with limited cellular expression in the brain. Reduced protein levels of METTL7A have been found in schizophrenia. Our study shows that METTL7A is highly expressed in Bergmann glia and has contacts with Purkinje neurons. The localization of METTL7A may play a role in maintaining cerebellar homeostasis and modulating cerebellar circuits.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ekin Bolukbasi, Nathaniel S. Woodling, Dobril K. Ivanov, Jennifer Adcott, Andrea Foley, Arjunan Rajasingam, Lauren M. Gittings, Benjamin Aleyakpo, Teresa Niccoli, Janet M. Thornton, Linda Partridge
Summary: Reduced activity of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway has been shown to increase healthy lifespan in various animal species. In the adult nervous system of Drosophila, specific transcription factors like neuronal FKH and glial FOXO play independent roles in extending healthy lifespan. The importance of cell type-specific mapping of transcription factor activity for preserving healthy function with age is highlighted in this study.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matilde Bruno, Chiara Giuseppina Bonomi, Francesco Ricci, Martina Gaia Di Donna, Nicola Biagio Mercuri, Giacomo Koch, Alessandro Martorana, Caterina Motta
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between BBB permeability and neuroinflammation in AD patients. The findings suggest that different neuroinflammatory profiles can be associated with different levels of BBB permeability in AD.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naila Naz, Syeda F. Naqvi, Nadine Hohn, Kiara Whelan, Phoebe Littler, Federico Roncaroli, Andrew C. Robinson, Jaleel A. Miyan
Summary: We examined the cerebral folate system in AD and normal brains. Our findings demonstrate a significant reduction in FDH, FR alpha, and folate in the CSF of AD patients. Additionally, we observed a switch in the folate supply pathway in AD cortex, correlating with a metabolic direction towards neuronal hypermethylation. These findings provide insights into the cognitive decline in AD and suggest a potential treatment target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler Saunders, Ciaran Gunn, Kaj Blennow, Hlin Kvartsberg, Henrik Zetterberg, Susan D. Shenkin, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Colin Smith, Declan King, Tara Spires-Jones
Summary: Neurogranin (Ng), a post-synaptic protein, has been investigated as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our study examined Ng abundance in post-mortem human brain tissue in AD, healthy aging (HA), and mid-life (ML) cohorts. Ng levels were quantified using immunohistochemistry in brain regions associated with cognitive change. The results showed significantly reduced Ng levels in AD compared to HA and ML cases, indicating loss of neurogranin in the brain. Our findings support the use of CSF Ng as a biomarker for AD and cognitive decline in healthy aging.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Wanran Li, Yun Zheng
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects memory, language, and thinking. Over 55 million people were diagnosed with AD or other forms of dementia worldwide in 2020. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play important roles in AD development and have potential applications in diagnosis and treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing miRNAs are present in body fluids and are involved in cell-to-cell communication. This study summarizes the dysregulated miRNAs in EVs derived from different body fluids and brain tissues of AD patients, and discusses their potential functions and applications in AD. Certain miRNAs, such as miR-125b-5p and miR-9-5p, show promise as diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for AD.
Article
Neurosciences
Tania Arora, Vikash Prashar, Randeep Singh, Tushar Singh Barwal, Harish Changotra, Arti Sharma, Jyoti Parkash
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide and hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein, leading to neuronal degeneration and increased oxidative stress. miRNA, which regulates cellular processes, play a key role in the progression of AD. This review identifies highly dysregulated miRNAs in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid of AD patients and explores their association with various pathological processes in AD.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kaja Nordengen, Bjorn-Eivind Kirsebom, Grit Richter, Lene Palhaugen, Berglind Gisladottir, Nikias Siafarikas, Arne Nakling, Arvid Rongve, Geir Brathen, Goril Rolfseng Grontvedt, Fernando Gonzalez, Knut Waterloo, Kulbhushan Sharma, Thomas Karikari, Eleonora M. Vromen, Betty M. Tijms, Pieter J. Visser, Per Selnes, Milicia G. Kramberger, Bengt Winblad, Kaj Blennow, Tormod Fladby
Summary: Brain innate immune activation is associated with Alzheimer's disease, with varying degrees of activation at different disease stages. In predementia AD, differences in immune activation levels and biomarker profiles may be related to amyloidosis and tau pathology. Changes in certain biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid may be linked to cognitive preservation or impairment in predementia AD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Veronica Astillero-Lopez, Melania Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Sandra Villar-Conde, Alicia Flores-Cuadrado, Alino Martinez-Marcos, Isabel Ubeda-Banon, Daniel Saiz-Sanchez
Summary: This study investigated the involvement of neural and glial populations in the entorhinal cortex in Alzheimer's disease. The results showed neurodegeneration, microglial reduction, and astrogliosis, as well as the relationships between specific proteins and synaptic, neuroinflammatory, and oxidative stress processes.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anniina Snellman, Juan Lantero-Rodriguez, Andreja Emersic, Agathe Vrillon, Thomas K. Karikari, Nicholas J. Ashton, Milica Gregoric Kramberger, Sasa Cucnik, Claire Paquet, Uros Rot, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow
Summary: The study develops new N-terminal-directed CSF total tau assays, which show increased levels ahead of standard t-tau in the Alzheimer's disease continuum, higher levels in patients with CJD or acute neurological diseases, and better potential as Alzheimer's disease blood biomarkers compared to Quanterix total tau.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Steffen Halbgebauer, Patrick Oeckl, Petra Steinacker, Deniz Yilmazer-Hanke, Sarah Anderl-Straub, Christine von Arnim, Lutz Froelich, Luis Aragao Gomes, Lucrezia Hausner, Andre Huss, Holger Jahn, Jochen Weishaupt, Albert C. Ludolph, Dietmar R. Thal, Markus Otto
Summary: A novel ELISA was established to evaluate beta-synuclein as a potential marker for Alzheimer's disease. The study found increased levels of beta-synuclein in the CSF of some patients, supporting its potential use as a marker of synaptic degeneration. Furthermore, beta-synuclein was localized in glutamatergic synapses, with its expression reduced in AD patients' brain tissue.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jan Remsik, Jessica A. Wilcox, N. Esther Babady, Tracy A. McMillen, Behroze A. Vachha, Neil A. Halpern, Vikram Dhawan, Marc Rosenblum, Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue, Edward K. Avila, Bianca Santomasso, Adrienne Boire
Summary: Cancer patients with neurologic sequelae of COVID-19 have meningeal inflammatory cytokines without viral neuroinvasion, mainly driven by type II interferon and correlated with the degree of neurological dysfunction. The neuroinflammatory process persists weeks after recovery from acute respiratory infection, leading to long-term neurocognitive dysfunction. Anti-inflammatory treatments may play a role in managing neurological complications of COVID-19 infection.
Review
Immunology
Nicholas R. W. Cleland, Saif I. Al-Juboori, Evgenia Dobrinskikh, Kimberley D. Bruce
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, PD, and MS lack true disease-modifying therapies and currently available treatments only address symptoms. Recent studies show that cellular metabolic alterations are closely linked to disease progression in these disorders, highlighting the need for alternative strategies targeting metabolic mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nicolas Delcourt, Alix-Marie Pouget, Alicia Grivaud, Leonor Nogueira, Frederic Larvor, Philippe Marchand, Eric Schmidt, Bruno Le Bizec
Summary: This study found that PFAS compounds, widely used in various products, are present in human cerebrospinal fluid and are associated with clinical and biological markers of Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
D. O. T. Alawode, A. J. Heslegrave, N. J. Ashton, T. K. Karikari, J. Simren, L. Montoliu-Gaya, J. Pannee, A. O'Connor, P. S. J. Weston, J. Lantero-Rodriguez, A. Keshavan, A. Snellman, J. Gobom, R. W. Paterson, J. M. Schott, K. Blennow, N. C. Fox, H. Zetterberg
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is increasingly prevalent worldwide, with a need for earlier and more secure diagnosis techniques. Current biomarker-based guidelines for AD diagnosis heavily rely on neuroimaging and CSF sampling, while blood-based biomarkers show potential for more accessible and cost-effective testing. Plasma neurofilament light chain and phosphorylated tau exhibit promise, but further comparisons are needed for p-tau to differentiate AD from non-AD dementias reliably. Plasma amyloid beta could serve as an early screening tool, but requires precise tests and robust pre-analytical protocols.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)